Dioctatin A hydrochloride is a metabolite of Streptomyces and an inhibitor of human dipeptidyl aminopeptidase II. Dioctatin A hydrochloride can inhibit aflatoxin production by Aspergillus parasiticus with an IC50 of 4.0 μM. Dioctatin A hydrochloride can reduce the mRNA levels of aflatoxin biosynthetic genes and the regulatory gene aflR, inhibit conidiation and decrease the mRNA level of the brlA gene, and also promote kojic acid production. In addition, Dioctatin A hydrochloride can inhibit sterigmatocystin production. Dioctatin A hydrochloride has pleiotropic regulatory effects on the production and differentiation of fungal secondary metabolites.
