Vomifoliol, a compound related to abscisie acid (ABA), has a modified 2,4-pentadiene side chain and has activity equal to that displayed by ABA. Vomifoliol exhibits antiacetylcholinesterase activity and displays moderate antileishmanial activity.

Jatrorrhizine?hydroxide is an alkaloid isolated from?Coptis chinensis with neuroprotective, antimicrobial, antiplasmodial and antioxidant activities. Jatrorrhizine hydroxide is a potent and orally active inhibitor of?AChE?(IC50=872 nM) over >115-fold selectivity for BuChE. Jatrorrhizine hydroxide reduces uptake of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) via inhibition of uptake-2 transporters.

α-Angelica lactone is a naturally occurring anticarcinogen and an vinylogous nucleophile. α-Angelica lactone can give the chiral δ-amino γ,γ-disubstituted butenolide carbonyl derivatives and exhibitselectrophilic trapping at the γ-carbon. α-Angelica lactone exerts strong chemoprotective effects by selective enhancement of glutathione-S-thansferase (GST) and UDP-glucononosyltransferase (UGT) detoxification enzymes.

Lumisterol (9β,10α-Ergosterol), a steroid compound, is the (9β,10α)-stereoisomer of Ergosterol. Lumisterol is a photoprotective agent against UVB-induced DNA damage and anti-proliferative activities.

Indole-2-carboxylic acid is a strong inhibitor of lipid peroxidation. Indole-2-carboxylic acid (I2CA) specifically and competitively inhibits the potentiation by glycine of NMDA-gated current.

7-Ethoxyresorufin (Resorufin ethyl ether) is a fluorometric substrate and competitive inhibitor of cytochrome P450, especially CYP1A1. 7-Ethoxyresorufin also inhibits NO synthase.

Resorufin methyl ether (Methoxyresorufin) is a cytochrome P450 fluorometric substrate. Resorufin methyl ether is a relatively specific substrate for CYP1A2 activity in rodents.

ATP dipotassium (Adenosine 5'-triphosphate dipotassium) is a central component of energy storage and metabolism in vivo, provides the metabolic energy to drive metabolic pumps and serves as a coenzyme in cells. ATP dipotassium is an important endogenous signaling molecule in immunity and inflammation.

Fluazifop-P-butyl, a graminicide from arylophenoxypropionate group, is a acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitor.

Allantoic acid is a degradative product of uric acid and associated with purine metabolism.

Uniconazole is a plant growth regulator that functions by inhibiting cytochrome P450 707As (Ki=68 nM), a family of enzymes that catabolize Abscisic acid, and thus, suppress gibberellin and sterol biosynthesis.

Acephate is an anticholinesterase insecticide that produces cholinotoxicity. Acephate displays weak inhibition of rat AChE but potently inhibits cockroach AChE.

Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate sodium salt (DHEAS) is the most abundant circulating steroid in human. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate sodium salt (DHEAS) affects steroid hormone biosynthesis on a molecular level resulting in an increased formation of pregnenolone.

S-Adenosyl-L-methionine tosylate (S-Adenosyl methionine tosylate) is produced endogenously from methionine and ATP by action of the enzyme methionine adenosyltransferase and is an important orally active methyl group donor. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine tosylate is a dietary supplement with potent antidepressant and analgesic effects, and has the potential for liver disease and osteoarthritis research.

(rel)-Atorvastatin, a relative configuration of Atorvastatin. Atorvastatin is an orally active HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, has the ability to effectively decrease blood lipids. Atorvastatin inhibits human SV-SMC proliferation and invasion with IC50s of 0.39 μM and 2.39 μM, respectively.

Methyl phenylacetate is an endogenous metabolite.

4-Ethynyl-L-phenylalanine hydrochloride is a selective, reversible, potent and competitive inhibitor of tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH). 4-Ethynyl-L-phenylalanine hydrochloride is a competitive inhibitor with regard to the substrate tryptophan, with a Ki of 32.6 μM. 4-Ethynyl-L-phenylalanine hydrochloride selectively and reversibly inhibits the biosynthesis of serotonin.

AE-3763 is a peptide-based human neutrophil elastase inhibitor with an IC50 of 29 nM.

NCT-501 hydrochloride is a potent and selective theophylline-based inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1), inhibits hALDH1A1 with IC50 of 40 nM, typically shows better selectivity over other ALDH isozymes and other dehydrogenases (hALDH1B1, hALDH3A1, and hALDH2, IC50 >57 μM).

NSC-87877 disodium is a potent inhibitor of Shp2 and Shp1 protein tyrosine phosphatases (SH-PTP2 and SH-PTP1), with IC50 values of 0.318 μM, 0.355 μM shp2 and shp1, respectively. NSC-87877 also inhibits dual-specificity phosphatase 26 (DUSP26).

Rosuvastatin D3 (ZD 4522 D3) is a deuterium labeled Rosuvastatin. Rosuvastatin (ZD 4522) is a competitive HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor with an IC50 of 11 nM. Rosuvastatin potently blocks human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) current with an IC50 of 195 nM, delayed cardiac repolarization, and thereby prolonged action potential durations (APDs) and corrected QT interval (QTc) intervals.

VBY-825 is a novel, reversible cathepsin inhibitor with high potency against cathepsins B, L, S and V.

Freselestat quarterhydrate (ONO-6818 quarterhydrate) is a potent and orally active neutrophil elastase inhibitor with a Ki of 12.2 nM. Freselestat quarterhydrate is >100-fold less-active against other proteases such as trypsin, protein-ase 3, pancreatic elastase, plasmin, thrombin, collagenase, cathepsin G, and murine macrophage elastase. Freselestat quarterhydrate has a potent anti-inflammatory activity.

Gemigliptin tartrate (LC15-0444 tartrate) is a highly selective, reversible and competitive dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 10.3 nM for human recombinant DPP-4. Gemigliptin tartrate exhibits potent anti-glycation properties. Gemigliptin tartrate can be used for the research of advanced glycation end products (AGE)-related diabetic complications.

(3R,5S)-Fluvastatin is the 3R,5S-isomer?Fluvastatin. Fluvastatin (XU 62-320 free acid) is a first fully synthetic, competitive HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor with an IC50 of 8 nM. Fluvastatin protects vascular smooth muscle cells against oxidative stress through the Nrf2-dependent antioxidant pathway.

NVP-DPP728 dihydrochloride is a potent, selective and orally active dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitor with a Ki of 11 nM. NVP-DPP728 dihydrochloride can be used for the research of diabetes mellitus.

Lazabemide hydrochloride (Ro 19-6327 hydrochloride) is a selective, reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) (IC50=0.03 μM) but less active for MAO-A (IC50>100 μM). Lazabemide ?inhibits monoamine uptake at high concentrations, the IC50 values are 86 μM, 123 μM and >500 μM for noradrenalin, serotonin and dopamine uptake, respectively. Lazabemide can be used for the research of parkinson and?alzheimer′s disease.

Acetildenafil is a derivative of the phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitor Sildenafil.

Norepinephrine tartrate (Levarterenol tartrate), a naturally occurring chemical in the body that acts as both a stress hormone and neurotransmitter, is a β1-selective adrenergic receptor agonist with EC50 of 5.37 μM.

2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-triphosphate trisodium (dATP trisodium) is a nucleotide used in cells for DNA synthesis (or replication), as a substrate of DNA polymerase.