Rimtuzalcap (CAD-1883) is a first-in-class selective positive allosteric modulator of small-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels (SK channels). Rimtuzalcap can be used for the research of movement disorders including essential tremor (ET) and spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA).

ML-213 (CID-3111211) is a selective KV7.2 (KCNQ2) and KV7.4 (KCNQ4) channel opener (EC50 values are 230 and 510 nM for KV7.2 and KV7.4 respectively).

ML297 (VU0456810) is the First Potent and Selective Activator of the GIRK Potassium Channel, Displays Antiepileptic Properties in Mice.

ML402 is a selective TREK-1 activator.

NS-1619 is a selective MaxiKα (large conductance calcium activated potassium channel) activator.

HN37 as a potent and chemically stable antiepileptic drug candidate, with an EC50 of 37 nM for KCNQ2.

GAL-021 sulfate is a potent BKCa-channel blocker. GAL-021 sulfate inhibits KCa1.1 in GH3 cells. GAL-021 sulfate is a novel breathing control modulator that is based on selective modification of the almitrine pharmacophore. GAL-021 sulfate increases minute ventilation in rats and non-human primates.

Retigabine 2Hcl (Ezogabine; D23129) is a Kv7.2-7.5 (KCNQ2-5) neuronal potassium channel opener witrh anticonvulsant activity.

XAF-1407 (XAF1407) is a novel putatively potent and highly specific IK,Ach (Kir3.1/3.4 and Kir3.4/3.4) inhibitor (IC50 of 1.1 and 3.2 nM, respectively).XAF-1407 displays highly selectivity other relevant cardiac ion channels, with selectivity ratios for Kir3.1/3.4 of >2,000–8,000 fold up to >27,000 fold for Nav1.5 and Kir2.1, respectively.XAF-1407 potently and selectively inhibited Kir 3.1/3.4 and Kir 3.4/3.4, underlying the IK,ACh current.XAF-1407 treatment in horses prolonged atrial effective refractory period as well as decreased atrial fibrillatory rate significantly and successfully cardioverted atrial fibrillation (AF), although with a decreasing efficacy over time. XAF-1407 shortened atrioventricular-nodal refractoriness, without effect on QRS duration.

VU6036720 (VU 6036720) is the first potent, selective inhibitor of heteromeric Kir4.1/Kir5.1 (KCNJ10/KCNJ16) with IC50 of 0.24 uM.VU6036720 displays >30-fold selective for Kir4.1/5.1 over homomeric Kir4.1 channels, Kir1.1, Kir2.1, Kir2.2, Kir2.3, Kir4.2, Kir6.2/SUR1, Kir6.1/SUR2b and Kir7.1.VU6036720 inhibits Kir4.1/5.1 activity through a reduction of channel open-state probability and single-channel current amplitude, does not induce diuresis in vivo.VU6036720 showwd an IC50 in 3 uM in Tl+ flux assays, approximately 7-times more potent at inhibiting Kir4.1/5.1 than fluoxetine and amitriptyline.VU6036720 represents the current state-of-the-art Kir4.1/5.1 inhibitor that should be useful for probing the functions of Kir4.1/5.1 in vitro and ex vivo.

VU0468554 (VU 0468554) is a nove potent, selective inhibitor of GIRK channel with IC50 of 0.85 and 2.6 uM for GIRK1/GIRK4 and GIRK1/GIRK2 in cellular assays.VU0468554 more effectively inhibits the cardiac GIRK channel than the neuronal GIRK channel, inhibits Gβγ-activated GIRK channels in noncompetitive and potentially uncompetitive fashion.VU0468554 competitively inhibits GIRK-channel activation by ML297, a GIRK-channel activator.In the isolated heart model, VU0468554 partially reversed carbachol-induced bradycardia in hearts from wild-type mice but not Girk4-/- mice.

Kv2.1-syntaxin inhibitor 15 (Kv2.1-syntaxin-IN-15, Cpd5) is a small molecule Kv2.1-syntaxin-binding inhibitor (IC50=5.5 uM) with neuroprotective properties.Kv2.1-syntaxin inhibitor 15 competitively binds syntaxin against C1aB-containing Kv2.1 peptides with IC50 of 5.5 uM.Kv2.1-syntaxin inhibitor 15 (10 uM) significantly diminished threo-β-benzyloxyaspartate (TBOA, 75 uM)-induced toxicity neuronal cultures, ameliorated significant cellular damage, by preventing the expression of enhanced Kv2.1-mediated K+ currents.Kv2.1-syntaxin inhibitor 15 is a first-in-class inhibitor of Kv2.1 binding to Syntaxin, likely due to inhibition of the C1a region of Kv2.1 binding to syntaxin.Cpd5 (10 μM) does not affect evoked AMPAR EPSCs in layer 2/3 corticocallosal neurons in the mouse auditory cortex.

KNa1.1 inhibitor 31 is a potent, selective, orally available inhibitor of sodium-activated potassium channel KNa1.1 (Slack, Slo2.2) with IC50 of 40 nM (hKNa1.1 WT).KNa1.1 inhibitor 31 reduced seizures and interictal spikes in a mouse model of KCNT1 GoF.

Benzopyran-G1 is a selective inhibitor of cardiac acetylcholine-activated inwardly rectifying K+ current (IKACh), composed of Kir3.1/Kir3.4 heterotetrameric and Kir3.4 homotetrameric channel subunits.

A potent, selective hERG potassium channel (Kv11.1) activator.

Linoleoyl glycine is a modified polyunsaturated fatty acid. Linoleoyl glycine has activating effects on human KCNQ1/KCNE1 (hKCNQ1/hKCNE1) channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes.

QO 58 is a potent modulator of K(v)7 channels. QO-58 increases the current amplitudes, shifts the voltage-dependent activation curve in a more negative direction and slows the deactivation of K(v)7.2/K(v)7.3 currents. QO-58 has the potential for the research of diseases associated with neuronal hyperexcitability.

KCa2 channel modulator 1 (compound 2o) is a potent subtype-selective positive modulator of KCa2 channel. KCa2 channel modulator 1 potentiates human KCa2.3 channels with an EC50 value of 0.19 μM and 0.99 μM on the rat KCa2.2 channel subtype.

KCa2 channel modulator 2 (compound 2q) is a potent subtype-selective positive modulator of KCa2 channel. KCa2 channel modulator 2 exhibits similar potency on the rat KCa2.2a and human KCa2.3 channel subtypes, with EC50s of 0.64 μM and 0.60 μM, respectively

AUT-1 is a novel specific, cell permeant modulator of Kv3 channels with EC50 of 4.7 and 4.9 uM for Kv3.1b and Kv3.2a, respectively.

A2764 dihydrochloride is a highly selective inhibitor of TRESK (TWIK-related spinal cord K+ channel, K2P18.1), which has moderate inhibitory effects on TREK-1 and TALK-1. A2764 dihydrochloride is more sensitive to the activated mTRESK channels (IC50=6.8 μM) than the basal current. A2764 dihydrochloride can lead to cell depolarization and increased excitability in native cells, it has the potential for probing the role of TRESK channel in migraine and nociception.

Clamikalant sodium (HMR 1098) is an ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channel blocker. Clamikalant sodium can be used for the research of arrhythmia.

Chromanol 293B is a selective blocker of the slow delayed rectifier K+ current (IKs) with IC50 of 1-10 μM and a weak inhibitor of KATP channel. Chromanol 293B also blocks the CFTR chloride current with an IC50 of 19 μM.

Tipepidine reversibly inhibits dopamine (DA) D2 receptor-mediated GIRK currents (IDA(GIRK)) with an IC50 of 7.0 μM. Tipepidine subsequently activates VTA dopamine neuron. Tipepidine, a non-narcotic antitussive, exerts an antidepressant-like effect.

Pinacidil is a potent activator of potassium channel. Pinacidil is an antihypertensive agent which hyperpolarises vascular smooth muscle by opening K+-channels. Pinacidil significantly improves the reperfusion function and cardiac compliance. Pinacidil has direct cardioprotective efficacy.

Cibenzoline is a potent inhibitor of KATP channel with directly affecting the pore-forming Kir6.2 subunit rather than the SUR1 subunit. Cibenzoline is a class Ia antiarrhythmic drug. Cibenzoline has little anticholinergic activity. Cibenzoline markedly attenuate LVPG which has a close relationship with myocardial contractility decreasing. Cibenzoline has the potential for the research of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy.

Alloisolithocholic acid (AILCA) activates large-conductance calcium-activated potassium (BK) channels with an EC50 value of 44.21 μM in Xenopus oocytes.

A2793 is an efficient TWIK-related acid-sensitive K+ channel (TASK)-1 inhibitor, with an IC50 of 6.8 μM.

ICA 069673 is a potassium channel opener with selective action for KCNQ2 and KCNQ3 (EC50=0.69 μM). No meeasurable activity was displayed over a variety of cardiac ion channels.

SKA-121 is a positive-gating modulator of intermediate-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels (IKCa1/KCa3.1) with an EC50 value of 109 nM using whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology with calcium in the internal solution.