Lithium guanosine triphosphate functions as a carrier of phosphates and pyrophosphates involved in channeling chemical energy into specific biosynthetic pathways. GTP activates the signal transducing G proteins which are involved in various cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation, and activation of several intracellular kinase cascades. Proliferation and apoptosis are regulated in part by the hydrolysis of GTP by small GTPases Ras and Rho. Another type of small GTPase, Rab, plays a role in the docking and fusion of vesicles and may also be involved in vesicle formation. In addition to its role in signal transduction, GTP also serves as an energy-rich precursor of mononucleotide units in the enzymatic biosynthesis of DNA and RNA.

Dienestrol diacetate is a derivative of the synthetic non-steroid phenolic compound, DIENESTROL, which exhibits estrogenic activities.

Ligustilide A is an active ingredient isolated from the medicinal plants Cnidium officinale and Angelica acutiloba. Ligustilide A inhibits benzo(a)pyrene-induced CYP1A1 upregulation in cultured human keratinocytes via ROS-dependent Nrf2 activation.

Cinnamtannin B1 is an A-type proanthocyanidin contained in several plant species such as Laurus nobilis L., Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Parameria laevigata, Cinnamomum zeylanicum and Lindera umbellata. Cinnamtannin B-1 is a potent antioxidant and protective agent against oxidative stress and apoptosis in human platelets. Cinnamtannin B-1 is a Cox-2 (cyclooxygenase-2) inhibitor.

Lapachol has antimicrobial properties against many pathogens. It has anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antibiotic properties. It is inhibitor of epithelial tumors in Drosophila melanogaster heterozygote.

N(G)-Nitroarginine-4-nitroanilide is an anti-nociceptive agent in the mouse.

Neurokinin K is a mammalian neuropeptide of 10 amino acids that belongs to the tachykinin family. It is similar in structure and action to SUBSTANCE P and NEUROKININ A with the ability to excite neurons, dilate blood vessels, and contract smooth muscles, such as those in the URINARY BLADDER and UTERUS.

Neurokinin A is a mammalian neuropeptide of 10 amino acids that belongs to the tachykinin family. It is similar in structure and action to SUBSTANCE P and NEUROKININ B with the ability to excite neurons, dilate blood vessels, and contract smooth muscles, such as those in the BRONCHI.

L-6355 is a bioactive chemical.

Sorbose is a ketose sugar that is commonly used in the commercial synthesis of ASCORBIC ACID.

L-Serine-1-13C is an amino acid.

Tartaric acid is a white crystalline organic acid that occurs naturally in many fruits, most notably in grapes, but also in bananas, tamarinds and citrus[4]. Its salt, potassium bitartrate, commonly known as cream of tartar, develops naturally in the process of winemaking. It is commonly mixed with sodium bicarbonate and is sold as baking powder used as a leavening agent in food preparation. The acid itself is added to foods as an antioxidant and to impart its distinctive sour taste. Tartaric is an alpha-hydroxy-carboxylic acid, is diprotic and aldaric in acid characteristics, and is a dihydroxyl derivative of succinic acid.

JWH 249 is a synthetic cannabinoid (CB) that potently activates the central CB1 and peripheral CB2 receptors (Ki = 8.4 and 20 nM, respectively).

JWH 167 is a synthetic cannabinoid (CB) with moderate affinities for both central CB1 (Ki = 90 nM) and peripheral CB2 (Ki = 159 nM) receptors. Its physiological and toxicological properties are not known. This product is intended for forensic and research purposes.

JWH 182 is a potent synthetic cannabinoid (CB), activating the central CB1 receptor with a Ki value of 0.65 nM and the peripheral CB2 receptor with a Ki value of 1.1 nM. Its effects in cells and animals are unknown.

C.I. Food Yellow 10, also known as Fast Yellow AB or Acid Yellow, is an azo dye used primarily as a food dye that is now delisted in both Europe and USA and is forbidden if used in foods and drinks. Ungraded products supplied by Spectrum are indicative of a grade suitable for general industrial use or research purposes and typically are not suitable for human consumption or therapeutic use.

Salicylanilide is a potential inhibitor of acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase.

Tribromsalan is Germicide.

Nylidrin hydrochloride is a beta-adrenergic agonist. Nylidrin hydrochloride is shown to be an effective inhibitor of IgE-mediated release of histamine from human basophils, and thus can be used as antiallergic agent. It is also one of the FDA approved drug as Inhibitors of the Human Sodium Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide (NTCP).

Maduramicin inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in myoblast cells.

Virustomycin A is a macrolide antibiotic active against infectious and plant pathogenic fungi. It decreases plaque formation by RNA and DNA viruses.

ANTU is an insecticide.

Butyrolactone I is a Selective inhibitor of cdk2 & cdc2 kinase..

Orthanilic acid promotes reverse turn formation in peptides.

Naphthionic acid is a biochemical.

2-Methylanthraquinone is a component of a Potential Biomarker.

Phenylphosphonic dichloride can act as α-amylase and lipase inhibitor.

Hydroxytoluic acid is a biochemical.

9-Ethylcarbazole is a biochemical.

Pindone is an anticoagulant drug for agricultural use.