(±)-Ketoprofen glucuronide is a phase II metabolite of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) ketoprofen. It is formed via glucuronidation by the UDP-glucuronosyltrasferase (UGT) isoforms UGT1A3, UGT1A9, UGT1A10, and UGT2B7.

Lariatin A is an antimycobacterial lasso peptide active against M. tuberculosis and M. smegmatis. Lariatin A increases survival in a silkworm model of M. smegmatis infection.

(±)-α-Tocopherol acetate is the acetate form of (±)-α-tocopherol, a biologically active form of vitamin E. It prevents reductions in the percentage of embryos developing into blastocysts, levels of glutathione (GSH), and prevents increases in oxidative stress. (±)-α-Tocopherol acetate has been shown to prevent body weight loss and decreases in pulmonary dynamic compliance in mice exposed to sidestream cigarette smoke but not in sham exposure animals. However, it also increases the levels of IL-1β, IL-4, and IFN-γ in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of sidestream cigarette-exposed, but not sham exposure, mice.

Abarelix acetate is a synthetic third generation gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR) antagonist. It increases histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells in vitro and from a human skin model ex vivo. In vivo, abarelix decreases plasma luteinizing hormone (LH) levels six hours post-treatment in castrated rats, with levels returning to baseline within 24 hours.3 Abarelix (2 mg/kg) also transiently decreases plasma testosterone levels in intact rats, with levels returning to baseline within seven days post-treatment. Formulations containing abarelix have previously been used in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer.

Sodium Ionophore VI is a sodium-selective ionophore that can be used in ion-selective electrodes to monitor sodium levels in aqueous solutions. It is selective for sodium over calcium, magnesium, lithium, ammonium, and potassium ions. Sodium ionophore VI has been used in electrodes to determine the levels of sodium ions in human urine and serum, as well as in X. laevis oocytes.

(R,S)-AMPA is a glutamate agonist and an Ibotenic Acid homolog . The compound is the defining agonist for the AMPA subtype of glutamate receptors. It has been used as a radionuclide imaging agent but is more commonly used as an experimental tool in cell biological studies.

Augmentin is a 4:1 mixture of Amoxicillin to Clavulanate which serves as a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is effective against resistant pathogens. It maintains therapeutically useful concentrations of plasma Amoxicillin for longer periods after dosing.

Amoxicillin open ring dimer is an impurity of Amoxicillin --- a β-lactam family antibiotic that is commonly used in conjunction with clavulanic acid to the treat bacterial infections.

Sethoxydim is an herbicide.

Albendazole sulfone is a metabolite of Albendazole, an anthelmintic, antibiotic, and antiparisitic.

Leucinol is a reversible inhibitor of protein synthesis and starting material for the synthesis of aminopeptidase N and phospholipase A2 inhibitors.

TES free acid is a structural analog to Tris buffer. It is one of the ethanesulfonic acid series of biological buffers developed by Good et al. Good's buffer criteria: midrange pKa, maximum water solubility and minimum solubility in all other solvents, minimal salt effects, minimal change in pKa with temperature, chemically and enzymatically stable, minimal absorption in visible or UV spectral range, and easily synthesized. TES probably exists in solution as a zwitterion.

Etaqualone is an analytical reference standard categorized as a quinazolone.

Amlodipine besilate impurity B is a biochemical.

Thiol-PEG4-acid is a PEG derivative containing a thiol group and a terminal carboxylic acid. The hydrophilic PEG spacer increases solubility in aqueous media. The thiol group reacts with maleimide, OPSS, vinylsulfone and transition metal surfaces including gold, silver, etc. The terminal carboxylic acid can be reacted with primary amine groups in the presence of activators (e.g. EDC, or DCC) to form a stable amide bond.

[4-(Diethoxy-phosphorylamino)-butyl]-phosphoramidic acid diethyl ester is a PEG Linker.

m-PEG4-phosphonic acid is a PEG Linker.

Mal-C6-amine TFA salt is a PEG Linker.

Mal-amido-PEG8-NHS is a PEG derivative containing a maleimide group and an NHS ester. The hydrophilic PEG spacer increases solubility in aqueous media. The NHS ester can be used to label the primary amines (-NH2) of proteins, amine-modified oligonucleotides, and other amine-containing molecules. The maleimide group will react with a thiol group to form a covalent bond, enabling the connection of biomolecule with a thiol.

Mal-amido-PEG4-NHS is a PEG derivative containing a maleimide group and an NHS ester. The hydrophilic PEG spacer increases solubility in aqueous media. The NHS ester can be used to label the primary amines (-NH2) of proteins, amine-modified oligonucleotides, and other amine-containing molecules. The maleimide group will react with a thiol group to form a covalent bond, enabling the connection of biomolecule with a thiol.

Mal-amido-PEG2-acid is a PEG derivative containing a maleimide group and a terminal carboxylic acid. The hydrophilic PEG spacer increases solubility in aqueous media. The terminal carboxylic acid can be reacted with primary amine groups in the presence of activators (e.g. EDC, or DCC) to form a stable amide bond. The maleimide group will react with a thiol group to form a covalent bond, enabling the connection of biomolecule with a thiol.

Azido-PEG1-CH2CO2H is a PEG derivative containing an azide group with a terminal carboxylic acid. The hydrophilic PEG spacer increases solubility in aqueous media. The azide group can react with alkyne, BCN, DBCO via Click Chemistry to yield a stable triazole linkage. The terminal carboxylic acid can be reacted with primary amine groups in the presence of activators (e.g. EDC, or DCC) to form a stable amide bond.

Ald-Ph-PEG3-azide is a crosslinker containing an azide group and an aldehyde group. The azide group enables PEGylation via Click Chemistry. The hydrophilic PEG spacer increases solubility in aqueous media. The aldehyde group reacts with amines and the N-terminal of peptides and proteins to form an imine containing a C=N double bond, which can be further reduced. PEG aldehyde or ketone derivatives can be used in reversible PEGylation through its reaction with hydrazine or hydrazide forming a hydrolytic acyl hydrozone linkage.

Cbz-N-amido-PEG4-acid is a PEG derivative containing a CBZ-protected amino group and a terminal carboxylic acid. The terminal carboxylic acid can be reacted with primary amine groups in the presence of activators (e.g. EDC, or DCC) to form a stable amide bond. The hydrophilic PEG spacer increases solubility in aqueous media. The protected amine can be deprotected by acidic conditions.

m-PEG4-sulfonic acid is a PEG derivative

m-PEG8-Tos is a PEG derivative containing a tosyl group. The tosyl group is a very good leaving group for nucleophilic substitution reactions. The hydrophilic PEG spacer increases solubility in aqueous media. The PEG linker contains 7 units of ethylene glycol.

m-PEG6-Tos is a PEG derivative containing a tosyl group. The hydrophilic PEG spacer increases solubility in aqueous media. The tosyl group is a very good leaving group for nucleophilic substitution reactions.

m-PEG3-azide is a PEG derivative containing an azide group. The azide group can react with alkyne, BCN, DBCO via Click Chemistry to yield a stable triazole linkage. The hydrophilic PEG spacer increases solubility in aqueous media.

m-PEG12-NHS ester is a PEG derivative containing an NHS ester. The NHS ester can be used to label the primary amines (-NH2) of proteins, amine-modified oligonucleotides, and other amine-containing molecules. The hydrophilic PEG spacer increases solubility in aqueous media.

m-PEG8-NHS ester is a PEG derivative containing an NHS ester. The NHS ester can be used to label the primary amines (-NH2) of proteins, amine-modified oligonucleotides, and other amine-containing molecules. The hydrophilic PEG spacer increases solubility in aqueous media.