Gonadorelin is a decapeptide that stimulates the synthesis and secretion of both pituitary gonadotropins, LUTEINIZING HORMONE and FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE. GnRH is produced by neurons in the septum PREOPTIC AREA of the HYPOTHALAMUS and released into the pituitary portal blood, leading to stim. Gonadorelin has been shown to have gonadotropin-releasing effects upon the anterior pituitary.

Argpressin is the predominant form of mammalian antidiuretic hormone. Argpressin is a nonapeptide containing an ARGININE at residue 8 and two disulfide-linked CYSTEINES at residues of 1 and 6. Arg-vasopressin is used to treat diabetes insipidus or to improve vasomotor tone and blood pressure.

Alarelin is a potent LH-RH agonist in rats and mice. Alarelin reversibly delays sexual maturation in rats, stimulates spawning activity in fish. GnRH ( gonadotropin-releasing hormone, Glp-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Arg-Pro-Gly-NH2), which is also referred as LHRH (luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone) or gonadorelin, is crucial for mammalian reproduction and is released from hypothalamic neurons. It is responsible for the secretion of gonadotropins, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), from the pituitary glands.

Ipamorelin, also known as NNC-26-0161, is a a ghrelin mimetic. Ipamorelin counteracts glucocorticoid-induced decrease in bone formation of adult rats. Ipamorelin may ameliorate the symptoms in patients with POI. Ipamorelin accelerates gastric emptying in a rodent model of postoperative ileus through the stimulation of gastric contractility by activating a ghrelin receptor-mediated mechanism involving cholinergic excitatory neurons.

Elacridar Hcl (GF120918; GW0918) is a P-glycoprotein inhibitor, and has been used both in vitro and in vivo as a tool inhibitor of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) to investigate the role of transporters in the disposition of various test molecules.IC50 value:Target: P-glycoprotein In vitro, GF120918A demonstrated high plasma protein binding across species, although a definitive protein binding evaluation was precluded by poor recovery, particularly in buffer and in mouse, rat, and dog plasma. GF120918A did not demonstrate potent inhibition of several human cytochrome P450 enzymes evaluated in vitro, with IC(50) values well above concentrations anticipated to be achieved in vivo. Together, these data confirm the utility of GF120918A as a tool P-glycoprotein inhibitor in preclinical species and offer additional guidance on preclinical dose regimens likely to produce P-glycoprotein-mediated effects.

Idalopirdine, also known as Lu AE58054 or Iladopirdine, is a potent and selective 5-HT6 receptor antagonist under development by Lundbeck as an augmentation therapy for the treatment of cognitive deficits associated with Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia. It is in phase III clinical trials. Lu AE58054 displayed high affinity to the human 5-HT(6) receptor (5-HT(6)R) with a Ki of 0.83 nm. Lu AE58054 demonstrated >50-fold selectivity for more than 70 targets examined. Lu AE58054 is a selective antagonist of 5-HT(6)Rs with good oral bioavailability and robust efficacy in a rat model of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. Lu AE58054 may be useful for the pharmacotherapy of cognitive dysfunction in disease states such as schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease.

Bremelanotide acetate is an analogue of the naturally occurring peptide alpha-MSH.

Danazol is a derivative of the synthetic steroid ethisterone that suppresses the production of gonadotropins and has some weak androgenic effects. Before becoming available as a generic drug, danazol was marketed as Danocrine in the United States. It was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as the first drug to specifically treat endometriosis in the early 1970s. Although effective for endometriosis, its use is limited by its masculinizing side-effects. Its role as a treatment for endometriosis has been largely replaced by the GnRH agonists.

PLX5622 is a a potent, selective, orally active inhibitor of CSF1R tyrosine kinase (c-Fms) activity with Ki of 5.9 nM, 60-fold less potency against KIT.

Ailanthone (Δ13-Dehydrochaparrinone) is a potent inhibitor of both full-length androgen receptor (AR) (IC50=69 nM) and constitutively active truncated AR splice variants (AR1-651 IC50=309 nM).

c-FMS-IN-8 is a potent, selective c-FMS kinase inhibitor with IC50 of 0.8 nM, shows activity in collagen-induced model of arthritis in mice..

D,L-Buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine is a potent inhibitor of glutamylcysteine synthetase biosynthesis.

A potent, selective, orally active EGFR inhibitor with IC50 of 23 nM.

BCPA is a Pin1 regulator without cytotoxicity. BCPA attenuates the reduction of Pin1 protein to inhibit receptor activator of RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. BCPA regulates osteoclast activation, used to osteoporosis research.

M-110 is a potent, selective inhibitor of PIM kinase family with preference for PIM-3 with IC50 of 0.047, 2.5 and 2.5 uM for PIM3, PIM1 and PIM2, respectively.

CTOP is a potent and highly selective μ-opioid receptor antagonist. CTOP antagonizes the acute morphine-induced analgesic effect and hypermotility. CTOP enhances extracellular dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens. CTOP dose-dependently enhances locomotor activity.

A non-selective agonist of the dopamine D3 receptor (Ki=0.71 nM).

Bentiamine is also known as Dibenzoyl Thiamine. Dibenzoyl Thiamine (Bentiamine), a derivative of thiamine, is rapidly absorbed into the body and converted to thiamine.

4,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid ( Isochlorogenic acid C) possesses potent hepatoprotective and anti-HBV effects.IC50 value:Target: Anti-hepatitis natural produce.In vitro: To study anti-hepatitis effect of isochlorogenic acid C, anti-apoptotic and anti-injury properties of test compound were evaluated. The results showed that test compound at concentrations of 10 to 100 μg/ml significantly reduced the caspase-3 and transformed growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) levels of the D-GalN-challenged hepatocytes. Also, test compound improved markedly cell viability of the D-GalN-injured hepatocytes and produced a maximum protection rate of 47.28% at a concentration of 100 μg/ml. Furthermore, test compound significantly inhibited productions of HBsAg and HBeAg. Its maximum inhibitory rates on the HBsAg and HBeAg expressions were 86.93 and 59.79%, respectively. In addition, test compound significantly induced the HO-1 expression of HepG2.2.15 cells [1]. In vivo:

LKY-047 is a decursin derivative that potently and selectively inhibits CYP2J2, competitively inhibits CYP2J2-mediated astemizole O-demethylase and terfenadine hydroxylase activity with Ki of 0.96 and 2.61 uM, respectively.

VE-822 is a selective ATR inhibitor with an Ki value of 0.2 nM, >150 fold selectivity over ATM (Ki=34 nM), DNA-PK (Ki >4 uM) and mTOR (Ki >1 uM).

Isoniazid is an antibacterial agent used primarily as a tuberculostatic.Target: AntibacterialIsoniazid is a prodrug and must be activated by a bacterial catalase-peroxidase enzyme that in M. tuberculosis is called KatG [1]. KatG couples the isonicotinic acyl with NADH to form isonicotinic acyl-NADH complex. This complex binds tightly to the enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase known as InhA, thereby blocking the natural enoyl-AcpM substrate and the action of fatty acid synthase. This process inhibits the synthesis of mycolic acid, required for the mycobacterial cell wall. A range of radicals are produced by KatG activation of isoniazid, including nitric oxide, which has also been shown to be important in the action of another antimycobacterial prodrug PA-824 [2, 3]. Isoniazid is bactericidal to rapidly dividing mycobacteria, but is bacteriostatic if the mycobacteria are slow-growing [4].

Methoxyamine is an orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor with potential adjuvant activity. Methoxyamine covalently binds to apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) DNA damage sites and inhibits base excision repair (BER), which may result in an increase in DNA strand breaks and apoptosis. This agent may potentiate the anti-tumor activity of alkylating agents. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus).

Levobunolol Hydrochloride is a non-cardioselective adrenergic beta-receptor antagonist with anti-glaucoma activity.

A potent, selective ubiquitin-specific protease USP8 inhibitor with IC50 of 0.28 uM.

ALLO-2 is a potent small molecule Smoothened (Smo) antagonist that inhibits Smo agonist Hh-Ag1.5-induced luciferase expression in TM3-Gli-Luc cells with IC50 of 6 nM.

JNK-IN-7 is a relatively selective JNKs inhibitor(IC50= 1.54/1.99/0.75 for JNK1/2/3); also bound to IRAK1, PIK3C3, PIP5K3 and PIP4K2C.

Cefotetan Sodium, also known as ICI-156834 and YM-09330, is a second-generation cephalosporin, cephamycin antibiotic that is active against a wide range of both aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Cefotetan binds to penicillin-binding proteins and disrupts the cell wall synthesis.

JNJ-53718678 (JNJ53718678, JNJ-678) is a potent (Kd=7.4 nM), small-molecule inhibitor of the F-glycoprotein-mediated complex membrane fusion process of the RSV.

PF-06446846 (PF-6446846) is a potent, highly selective inhibitor of PCSK9 translation with IC50 of 0.3 uM for inhibition the secretion of PCSK9 by Huh7 cells.