RGD's receptors are integrins αvβ3 and αvβ5, which can mimic cell adhesion proteins and bind specifically to 11 kinds of integrins, which can effectively adhere to biological materials. DSPE-PEG-RGD can be used to make micelles and vesicles. The liposomes formed by RGD-PEG-DSPE can act directly on the target to form an active targeting effect. Rgd-peg-dspe peptide RGD polyethylene glycol phospholipid can be used for passive targeting of micelles and vesicles, active targeting research and drug delivery. DSPE (1, 2-distearoyl-SN-glycerol-3-phosphate ethanolamine) is a saturated 18-carbon phospholipid commonly used in the synthesis of liposomes. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) -coupled DSPE is hydrophilic and can be used for drug delivery, gene transfection, and biomolecular modification. Polyethylene glycol can enhance solubility and stability, reduce the nonspecific binding of charged molecules, and reduce the immunogenicity of polypeptides.

The streptavidin molecule consists of four identical peptide chains, and the contents of glycine and alanine are relatively large in the amino acid composition, and the active group binding biotin is also the tryptophan residue in the peptide chain. Streptavidin is a slightly acidic (pH6.0) protein and does not carry any sugar groups. Under the action of proteolytic enzyme, streptavidin can be broken between N-terminal 10 ~ 12 and C-terminal 19 ~ 21, and the formed core streptavidin still maintains the complete ability to bind biotin. The activity unit of streptavidin is also expressed in terms of the amount required to bind 1μg biotin, and the high activity of 1mg streptavidin can reach 18U. streptavidin (SA) is a protein secreted by streptomyces avidinii with a molecular weight of 65kD. Streptavidin molecules are composed of four identical peptide chains, each of which can bind a biotin without any sugar group, so like avidin, one streptavidin molecule can also bind four biotin molecules, and the affinity constant (K) of both is 1015mol/L. Streptavidin is more widely applicable than avidin.

The affinity between lactoferrin and iron ion is very high, which is 250 to 300 times that of transferrin. According to the difference of lactoferrin binding iron ions, it can be divided into three types: iron deficiency type, iron semi-satiation type and iron saturated type. Different types of lactoferrin have different ability to resist pasteurization thermal denaturation, in which iron saturated type resistance is strong, iron deficiency type resistance is weak. Lactoferrin can bind not only Fe3+ and Fe2+, but also Cu2+, Mn2+ and Zn2+.

Glucose, organic compound, molecular formula C6H12O6. It is one of the most widely distributed and important monosaccharides in nature, and it is a polyhydroxyaldehyde. Glucose plays an important role in the field of biology, that is, the main energy supplier of living things. Plants produce glucose through photosynthesis. Liposome has the advantages of low toxicity, easy preparation, as a carrier of both water-soluble and fat-soluble drugs, suitable for a variety of drug delivery routes, improve drug stability, and achieve targeted drug delivery. However, after the liposome enters the body, it is easy to be taken up and cleared by RES cells due to the specific conditioning effect of opsonins in plasma on the liposome and the non-specific hydrophobic interaction between RES cells and liposome.

Phospholipid PEG-acetylenes (DSPE-PEG-ALK) can be used to modify proteins, peptides, and other materials or small molecules. Alkynyl group can react with azide catalyzed by copper in aqueous solution. Conjugate polyethylene glycol (DSPE) is a phospholipid combined with polyethylene glycol with hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties. Polyethylene glycol phospholipid liposome forming material can be used for delivery, transfection and delivery.

DSPE phospholipids can be used as pharmaceutical excipients for emulsification and drug solubilization, and are important materials for slow release drug preparations such as liposomes, fat milk and nanoparticles in recent years. Modification of phospholipid molecules can make these preparations have the ability of release and targeting under specific conditions. Common modification methods include: disintegration time; Introducing immune factors to enhance targeting; Introduce markers for diagnosis and tracking.

DPPE-PEG is a synthetic lipid used in liposomes with unique properties and a wide range of applications. Firstly, DPPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing it to remain stable within the biological system and be efficiently absorbed and metabolized. Additionally, DPPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, which helps stabilize the liposome structure and enhance its stability.

DPPE-PEG is a synthetic lipid used in liposomes with unique properties and a wide range of applications. Firstly, DPPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing it to remain stable within the biological system and be efficiently absorbed and metabolized. Additionally, DPPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, which helps stabilize the liposome structure and enhance its stability.

DPPE-PEG is a synthetic lipid used in liposomes with unique properties and a wide range of applications. Firstly, DPPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing it to remain stable within the biological system and be efficiently absorbed and metabolized. Additionally, DPPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, which helps stabilize the liposome structure and enhance its stability.

DPPE-PEG is a synthetic lipid used in liposomes with unique properties and a wide range of applications. Firstly, DPPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing it to remain stable within the biological system and be efficiently absorbed and metabolized. Additionally, DPPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, which helps stabilize the liposome structure and enhance its stability.

DPPE-PEG is a synthetic lipid used in liposomes with unique properties and a wide range of applications. Firstly, DPPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing it to remain stable within the biological system and be efficiently absorbed and metabolized. Additionally, DPPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, which helps stabilize the liposome structure and enhance its stability.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.

GS-4224 is a novel, orally bioavailable inhibitor of PD-L1 with EC50 of 11 nM in high level PD-L1 concentration. GS-4224 shows evidence of expected on-target biomarker activity, including engagement of PD-L1 and induction of immune-related pharmacodynamic responses consistent with PD-L1 blockade.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.