SB-U015 is a MitoQ derivative and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein 1 (TRAP1) inhibitor.

KT-001 is a novel ionizable cationic lipid developed by Vivas, Inc., disclosed in US 2026/0007612 A1 (published Jan 8, 2026). It is formulated into lipid nanoparticles to encapsulate and deliver mRNA, protecting nucleic acids and facilitating cellular uptake for nucleic acid therapy.

Lipid 87 is a proprietary ionizable lipid developed by Generation Bio. Used as a key ingredient in stealth LNPs, it greatly prolongs blood circulation time, maintains high nucleic acid encapsulation efficiency and low cytotoxicity, and enables effective liver targeting. Its relevant applications are documented in PCT patent WO2026/080826A1. As a core component (47.5–57.5 mol%) of stealth lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), it works synergistically with steric-stabilizing polymers like DSG-PEG₂₀₀₀-OMe to extend the in vivo blood half-life of LNPs to over 24 hours (compared to merely 30 minutes of conventional LNPs). It achieves an encapsulation efficiency above 95% for mRNA and closed-ended DNA (ceDNA), exhibits low cytotoxicity with an IC₅ value greater than 100 μM, and delivers robust liver-targeting performance, obtaining over 80% hepatocyte transfection at a dosage of 0.5 mpk. In preclinical models of hemophilia B, LNPs formulated with Lipid 87 can restore around 40% of clotting factor IX (FIX) activity for more than seven days.

1-Palmitoyl-2-stearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine is an assymetrical phospholipid containing saturated palmitic and stearic acid at the sn-1 and sn-2 position respectively. The phosphate group is attached to choline.

10-Nitrooleic acid (CXA-10), a nitro fatty acid, has potential effects in disease states in which oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis, and/or direct tissue toxicity play significant roles.

9(10)-Nitrooleate（NOA）is an endogenous nitrated fatty acid that functions as a highly efficient bioactive molecule. Its primary role is the specific inhibition of the STING protein, a key inflammatory signaling sensor within cells. When STING is aberrantly activated, it can trigger a severe inflammatory response, leading to cellular damage.Mechanistically, NOA acts as an electrophile, capable of covalently modifying specific cysteine residues on the STING protein, thereby effectively blocking its ability to activate downstream signaling pathways. This inhibitory action establishes NOA as a potent endogenous anti-inflammatory agent. In practical application, loading NOA into delivery systems, such as lipid nanoparticles, equips them with an intrinsic "molecular fire extinguisher." It significantly mitigates the acute inflammatory response triggered by delivered cargo, effectively transforming otherwise toxic delivery vehicles into safe platforms. The core value of NOA lies in its ability to provide exceptional safety without compromising the functional expression of therapeutic payloads, offering a crucial safeguard for achieving long-term treatments.

MCC7840, a sulfonylurea, is a potent and selective inhibitor of NLRP3 inflammasome, with an IC50 of <100 nM. MCC7840 can be used for the research of inflammatory diseases.

Desfesoterodine (PNU-200577) is a potent and selective muscarinic receptor (mAChR) antagonist with a KB and a pA2 of 0.84 nM and 9.14, respectively.

6A1‑SC8 is a biodegradable ionizable lipid developed for LNP-based nucleic acid delivery. With multi-tertiary amine core enabling optimal endosomal escape and built-in hydrolyzable ester linkages for in vivo metabolic clearance, it efficiently encapsulates mRNA, sgRNA and gene-editing payloads. When blended with helper lipids or modified via the SORT strategy with cationic additives like DOTAP, it generates organ-targeted LNPs ranging from liver to cardiac tropism, widely applied in preclinical gene therapy, in vivo CAR‑T and rare disease therapeutic research.

AO12 is a novel antioxidant ionizable lipid derived from SM-102 skeleton with para-hydroxyphenyl propionic acid side chains. Integrated into LNPs, it efficiently scavenges diverse reactive oxygen species including ·OH and ONOO⁻, shielding encapsulated mRNA from oxidative degradation. It retains fine LNP formulation features and cellular uptake capacity of conventional lipids, boosting in vivo mRNA translation. Applied for regenerative mRNA therapy and CRISPR gene editing against fibrosis and inflammatory disorders.

4A2-B8-PH is an optimally designed thioketal-incorporated biodegradable ionizable lipid (TBIL) for mRNA delivery to pancreatic ductal epithelial cells. It features a 4A2 headgroup with three tertiary amines, a biodegradable thioketal-based B8 linker, and a branched PH tail. The thioketal linker enables ROS-responsive degradation in the tumor microenvironment, enhancing endosomal escape and mRNA release. In vivo, 4A2-B8-PH LNPs achieve 98.3% pancreas-specific targeting after intraperitoneal administration, with a 218-fold improvement in delivery efficiency compared to previous benchmarks. It successfully transfects 30.5% of pancreatic ductal epithelial cells and induces complete tumor regression in orthotopic PDAC models via IL-12 mRNA therapy, demonstrating high efficacy and safety.

​​200Oi10​​ is an ionizable lipidoid used in lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for RNA delivery. Structurally, it features ester-conjugated cleavable lipid tails, enhancing biodegradability and reducing toxicity compared to non-cleavable analogs. Preclinical studies show that 200Oi10-based LNPs primarily accumulate in the liver (97.7%) after intravenous administration. However, intraperitoneal injection redirects biodistribution, achieving 46.4% pancreatic uptake, which can be further amplified by incorporating cationic lipids like DOTAP. This unique tropism enables pancreas-targeted mRNA delivery. 200Oi10's ester linkages promote rapid clearance, improving biocompatibility while maintaining siRNA/mRNA delivery efficiency. Its design exemplifies the use of degradable lipidoids to balance organ specificity, efficacy, and safety in RNA therapeutics.

​​C-a16​​ is an ionizable lipid engineered through Mannich reaction chemistry, designed to revolutionize mRNA delivery by synergizing high efficiency with minimized immune activation. Synthesized by reacting a phenolic tail derivative, formaldehyde, and a branched tertiary amine core under optimized ethanol conditions, this lipid integrates antioxidant phenol groups directly into its structure. These phenol moieties serve as intrinsic radical scavengers, effectively neutralizing intracellular reactive oxygen species that typically degrade mRNA and trigger inflammation.In lipid nanoparticle formulations, C-a16 constitutes the functional backbone, enabling superior mRNA encapsulation efficiency while maintaining a stable nanoparticle size of approximately 80–100 nm. Critically, it outperforms conventional lipids like DLin-MC3-DMA by achieving significantly higher target-protein expression in vivo alongside markedly reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion. The antioxidant capability is not incidental but fundamental—quenching the phenol groups drastically diminishes both ROS suppression and delivery efficacy, confirming the design's mechanistic elegance.C-a16 represents a paradigm shift: its biomimetic antioxidant architecture addresses the chronic trade-off between delivery potency and immunogenicity, unlocking safer therapeutic applications for vaccines and gene therapies.

CICL-242​ is a constrained ionizable cationic lipid highlighted in patent US 20250127728A1 developed by Capstan as a promising candidate for advanced therapeutic delivery, particularly in stem cell and gene editing applications. Its structure features a rigid amine headgroup similar to CICL-207, which likely facilitates efficient endosomal escape and reduces non-specific uptake, enhancing targeted nucleic acid delivery. Although detailed performance data is not fully disclosed in the patent, CICL-242 is explicitly synthesized and included in gene editing experimental systems (e.g., CRISPR-Cas9 workflows), suggesting its potential for high-efficiency transfection in hard-to-transfect cells​ like hematopoietic stem cells (CD34⁺). This makes it a strong candidate for ex vivo cell engineering and regenerative medicine, where precision and low off-target effects are critical. While further validation is needed to quantify its efficacy and safety profile, CICL-242 represents a strategic innovation in the lipid library for next-generation genetic therapies.

CICL 207 is structurally optimized based on Lipid CICL-1. CICL207​​ is a constrained ionizable cationic lipid designed for lipid nanoparticle (LNP) delivery systems developed by Capstan. Its structure features a ​​rigid cyclic backbone​​ (e.g., pyrrolidine-derived core) paired with a ​​tertiary amine group​​ that ionizes at acidic pH (pKa ~6.5–7.0), enhancing endosomal escape. The lipid includes ​​asymmetric hydrophobic tails​​ (likely C14–C18 alkyl/ester chains) to stabilize LNP membranes and improve nucleic acid encapsulation. Integrated into LNPs (e.g., 58% CICL-207, 10% DSPC, 30.5% cholesterol, PEG-lipids), it enables targeted delivery to T cells (anti-CD5/CD8 tLNPs) with ​​high transfection efficiency​​ (spleen T cells >70% mCherry+), ​​reduced liver uptake​​, and ​​low toxicity​​ (no significant ALT/AST elevation in rats). Its constrained design balances stability, tissue specificity, and biocompatibility for gene therapy applications.CICL 207 (F50) significantly outperforms CICL-1 by delivering dramatically enhanced target cell transfection with reduced off-target effects. It achieves >50% transfection efficiency in splenic T-cells—nearly double that of CICL-1—while slashing off-target expression in liver cells to <5% (versus >15% for CICL-1. This precision translates to superior therapeutic outcomes: CICL-207 enables ~95% B-cell depletion in CAR-T applications, far exceeding CICL-1 ’s ~60% efficacy. Critically, it maintains an exceptional safety profile, showing no significant liver toxicity or inflammatory cytokine elevation even at high doses. Furthermore, CICL-207 demonstrates 2-fold higher transfection efficiency in hematopoietic stem cells, enabling robust gene editing. Its optimized pKa (~6.5) and constrained amine structure enhance endosomal escape while minimizing Kupffer cell uptake, making it ideal for targeted therapeutics requiring both potency and safety.​

L 012 sodium salt a luminol-based chemiluminescent (CL) probe, is widely used in vitro and in vivo to detect NADPH oxidase (Nox)-derived superoxide (O2•−) and identify Nox inhibitors.

C67399 is a small molecule that blocks the integrin β1 binding site of TLN1, reduces the malignant behaviours of TNBC in vitro (MDA-MB-231 cell, IC50=2.0 uM).C67399 treatment significantly reduced the viability of BT549 cells.C67399 (2 uM) significantly reduced the expression of integrin β1, AKT, FAK, and phosphorylated FAK in MDA-MB-231 cells, while did not affect the expression of integrin β3.C67399 inhibited the binding of TLN1 to integrin β1 in MDA-MB-231 cells.C67399 (1.75 mg/kg) inhibited tumour growth and metastasis of MDA-MB-231 cells in mice, without causing obvious structural toxic changes.

Ral inhibitor 1 is a covalent inhibitor of RalB (Ras-like GTPase) activation, inhibits guanine exchange factor Rgl2-mediated nucleotide exchange of Ral GTPase, selectively inhibits Ral over Ras; Ral inhibitor 1 inhibits RalB/Rgl2 interaction through covalent reaction at Tyr-82 with IC50 of 49.5 uM; Ral (Ras-like) GTPases are directly activated by oncogenic Ras GTPases.

Thiethylperazine is a phenothiazine derivative that acts as an oral dopamine D2-receptor and histamine H1-receptor antagonist. This compound functions as an ABCC1 activator and has been shown to decrease amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation in mice. It exhibits anti-emetic, antipsychotic, and antimicrobial properties.

STAT3-IN-13 (compound 6f) is a STAT3 inhibitor. It exhibits anti-proliferative activity and binds to the STAT3 SH2 domain with a KD of 0.46 μM. This compound inhibits STAT3 Y705 phosphorylation and downstream target gene expression. In vitro studies show STAT3-IN-13 induces apoptosis, while in vivo experiments demonstrate its ability to suppress tumor growth and metastasis. STAT3-IN-13 has potential applications in cancer research.

STAT3-IN-12 is a potent inhibitor of STAT3signaling, by effectively blocking IL-6-induced activation of the JAK/STAT3 pathway. STAT3-IN-12 suppresses cancer cell proliferation and migration, while promoting apoptosis and inducing cell cycle arrest.

SS‑3091 is a potent inhibitor of pan‑KRas that targets the interaction interfaces of KRas, destabilizing critical KRas-protein complexes and thereby blocking its downstream signaling pathways. SS‑3091 effectively inhibits KRas‑driven signaling in multiple cancer cell lines, including those harboring G12D, G12V, and G13D mutations, leading to reduced ERK and AKT phosphorylation.

PYCR1-IN-1 (compound 4) is an inhibitor of pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1 (PYCR1) with an IC50 of 8.8 µM. It significantly reduce the levels of proline within a breast cancer cell line and exhibits anti-cell proliferation effect.

Opiranserin hydrochloride (VVZ-149 hydrochloride) is a non-opioid and non-NSAID analgesic that acts as a dual antagonist of glycine transporter type 2 (GlyT2) and serotonin receptor 2A (5HT2A), with IC50 of 0.86 μM and 1.3 μM, respectively.

N-Hydroxysuccinimide (HOSu; 1-Hydroxy-2,5-pyrrolidinedione) is a crucial reagent that forms NHS esters via DCC-mediated carboxylic acid activation. These esters enable covalent protein/antibody coupling to surfaces through primary amine reactions. It also modifies microfluidic SPR sensors for bacterial pathogen detection.

MY‑1B is a covalent inhibitor of the RNA methyltransferase NSUN2, with an IC50 of 1.3 μM. MY‑1B stereoselectively targets the active‑site cysteine residue C271 of NSUN2 and can be used to probe the function of NSUN2 in RNA methylation‑related processes.

JNJ-9350 is a chemical probe that inhibits spermine oxidase (SMOX) with an IC50 of 0.01 μM. This compound also shows inhibitory activity against polyamine oxidase (PAO), exhibiting an IC50 of 0.79 μM. JNJ-9350 has potential applications in cancer research.

GPX4-IN-5 covalently inhibits GPX4 with an IC50 of 0.12 μM. This compound induces ferroptosis and exhibits anti-tumor activity. It has potential applications in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) research.

Famitinib (SHR1020), an orally active inhibitor of multi‑targeted kinase, which inhibits the activity of c‑Kit, VEGFR‑2, and PDGFRβ with IC50 of 2.3 nM, 4.7 nM, and 6.6 nM, respectively.

CDK4/6-IN-2 is a CDK4 and CDK6 inhibitor obtained from patent US20180000819A1 (Compound 1). It exhibits IC50 values of 2.7 nM for CDK4 and 16 nM for CDK6.