Cell-permeable, irreversible inhibitor of caspase-3/CPP32; inhibits tumor cell apoptosis. Neuroprotective in rat hippocampus following seizures in vivo.

Emricasan (IDN-6556, PF-03491390) is a potent irreversible pan-caspase inhibitor.

KEA1-97 (KEA 1-97) is a small molecule that disrupts the interaction of thioredoxin with caspase 3.

Q-VD-Oph is a potent pan-caspase inhibitor with IC50 ranged from 25 to 400 nM for caspases 1,3,8, and 9.

VX-765 is a novel Caspase-1 inhibitor with an IC 50 of 0.8nM being investigated for the treatment of epilepsy, currently being developed by Vertex.

PETCM is an activator of caspase-3 and acts as an cytochrome c (cyto c)-dependent manner. PETCM promotes Apaf-1 oligomerization and induces cell apoptosis in HeLa cells.

Z-Asp-CH2-DCB is an irreversible broad spectrum caspase inhibitor. Z-Asp-CH2-DCB also inhibits proteases with caspase-like activity. Z-D-CH2-DCB blocks the production of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and IFN-γ in staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB)-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and reduces SEB-1-stimulated T-cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Z-Asp-CH2-DCB prevents SU5416-induced septal cell apoptosis and emphysema development.

Pralnacasan (VX-740) is a potent, selective, non-peptide and orally active interleukin-1β converting enzyme (ICE, caspase 1) inhibitor with a Ki of 1.4 nM. Pralnacasan inhibits proinflammatory cytokines IL-18, IL-1β , and IFN-γ. Pralnacasan has the potential for osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis treatment.

AA-Z-YVAD-FMK is a cell-permeable, irreversible pan-caspase inhibitor with anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activities.

Ivachtin (Caspase-3 Inhibitor VII; compound 7a) is a nonpeptide, noncompetitive and reversibl caspase-3 inhibitor with an IC50 of 23 nM. Ivachtin has modest selectivity for the remaining caspases.

Ac-FLTD-CMK, a gasdermin D (GSDMD)-derived inhibitor, is a specific inflammatory caspases inhibitor. Ac-FLTD-CMK is effective against caspases-1 (IC50 of 46.7 nM), caspases-4 (IC50 of 1.49 μM), caspases-5 (IC50 of 329 nM), and caspases-11 , but not the apoptotic caspases such as caspase-3.

Z-LE(OMe)TD(OMe)-FMK is a selective caspase-8 inhibitor. Z-LE(OMe)TD(OMe)-FMK can inhibit cell apoptosis.

Boc-Asp(OME)-Fluoromethyl Ketone is a broad range caspase inhibitor that inhibits Fas-mediated phagocytosis and oxidative rupture inhibition, but does not affect the chemotactic activity of IL-8.

TC11 is a MCL1 degradator and Caspase-9 and CDK1 activator. TC11 is structurally related to immunomodulatory drugs as phenylphthalimide derivative. TC11 induces apoptotic death caused by degradation of MCL1 during prolonged mitotic arrest.

Gly-Phe β-naphthylamide (Gly-Phe beta-naphthylamide) is a substrate of cathepsin C that accumulates within the lysosome. Gly-Phe-β-naphthylamide can inhibit the cathepsin-dependent activation of caspase-8.

Z-VDVAD-FMK is a special inhibitor of caspase-2. Z-VDVAD-FMK produces a reduction in Lovastatin-induced apoptosis.

Raptinal, a agent that directly activates caspase-3, initiates intrinsic pathway caspase-dependent apoptosis. Raptinal is able to rapidly induce cancer cell death by directly activating the effector caspase-3, bypassing the activation of initiator caspase-8 and caspase-9.

Ac-YVAD-cmk (Caspase-1 Inhibitor II) is a selective caspase-1 (IL-1beta converting enzyme, ICE)) inhibitor with neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects. Ac-YVAD-cmk effectively suppresses the expression of IL-1β and IL-18. Ac-YVAD-cmk inhibits pyroptosis in many diseases.

Z-DEVD-AFC is a cell-permeant substrate for caspase-3, which causes a shift in fluorescence uponcleavage of the AFC fluorophore. Z-DEVD-AFC can be used to detect caspase-3-like enzymes activity.

NH-23-C2 (Caspase-2 inhibitor NH-23-C2) is a potent, selective and cell-permeable endogenous caspase-2 inhibitor, does not block caspase-3 or caspase-8.NH-23-C2 displays off-reactivity with cysteine and threonine proteases (cathepsins B, L, V, S).HCT116 cells were preincubated with NH-23-C2 inhibitor, MDM-2 cleavage was inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner (IC50 =3.11 μM).NH-23-C2 selectively block caspase-2 activity and caspase-2-mediated MDM-2 cleavage.

PG3d (Caspase-6 inhibitor PG3d) is a cell-active, allosteric and irreversible, non-competitive Caspase-6 inhibitor.PG3d preferentially inhibits the cleavage of protein over peptide substrates both with purified proteins and in live cells.PG3d prevents the C6 (Caspase-6)-HTT interaction and prevents mHTT1-586 mediated activation of procaspase-6.PG3d specifically inhibits the cleavage of protein, but not peptide substrates of Caspase-6.

Procaspase-6 inhibitor 12 is a small molecule, noncovalent, allosteric inhibitor of procaspase-6 with KD of 0.47 uM.Procaspase-6 inhibitor 12 binds to pro-C6 at the dimer interface and contacts amino acids Y198, T199 and E214.Procaspase-6 inhibitor 12 significantly stabilizes procaspase-6.Procaspase-6 inhibitor 12 prevents the activation of the Caspase-6 zymogen by mHTT1–586 in COS-7 cells.