SBI-0087702 promots the cytoplasmic localization of ATF2 in melanoma cells. SBI-0087702-induced translocation of ATF2 to the mitochondria results in increased apoptosis due to loss of mitochondrial membrane integrity. SBI-0087702 also inhibits growth and motility of melanoma cells. SBI-0087702 was shown to inhibit ATF2 phosphorylation on Thr52 by PKCε.

(R)-AR-13503 ((R)-AR-13324 M1 metabolite) is the the (R)-enantiomer of AR-13503. BAY-7081 is a potent, selective, orally active and soluble cyanopyridone-based PDE9A inhibitor with an IC50 of 15 nM.

A novel, potent, brain permeant PKC inhibitor with IC50 of 80 nM, without detectable binding to the estrogen receptor (Ki>10 uM).

PKC-iota inhibitor 1 (compound 19) is a protein kinase C-iota (PKC-ι ?) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.34 μM.

CGP60474 is a potent inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK).

1,2-Dimyristoyl-sn-glycerol is a saturated diacylglycerol and a weak second messenger for the activation of PKC.

Epsilon-V1-2 (ε-V1-2), a PKCε-derived peptide, is a selective PKCε inhibitor. Epsilon-V1-2 inhibits the translocationof PKCε, but not α-, β-, and δPKC.

ICA-1(ICA-1T)is a potent, specific inhibitor of Protein Kinase C-iota (PKC-ι) with IC50 of 0.1 uM, does not inhibit PKC-ζ, the closely related atypical PKC family member.

ζ-Stat trisodium (NSC37044 trisodium) is a specific and atypical PKC-ζ inhibitor, with an IC50 of 5 μM. ζ-Stat trisodium can reduce melanoma cell lines proliferation and induce apoptosis, and has antitumor activity in vitro.

Z640 is a novel non-selective atypical PKC (aPKC) agonist, increases PKCζ and PKCι kinase activity with EC50 of 1.09 and 3.47 µM in vitro kinase activity assays, respectively.

Bisindolylmaleimide X is a cell-permeable, reversible, ATP-competitive protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor (IC50 = 15 nM, rat brain PKC).

H-7 is a specific protein kinase C inhibitor, which inhibits superoxide release from human neutrophils (PMN) stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate or synthetic diacylglycerol.

SC-9 is a PKC activator in the presence of Ca2+.

VTX-27 is a selective protein kinase C θ (PKC θ) inhibitor, with Kis of 0.08 nM and 16 nM for PKC θ and PKC δ.

N-Desmethyltamoxifen is the major metabolite of tamoxifen in humans. N-Desmethyltamoxifen, a poor antiestrogen, is a ten-fold more potent protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor than Tamoxifen. N-Desmethyltamoxifen is also a potent regulator of ceramide metabolism in human AML cells, limiting ceramide glycosylation, hydrolysis, and sphingosine phosphorylation.

Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) is a PKC-activating phorbol ester, increases the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in a dose-dependent manner, with an EC50 of 11.7 nM.

CC-90005 is a potent, selective and orally active inhibitor of protein kinase C-θ (PKC-θ), with an IC50 of 8 nM. CC-90005 shows selectivity for PKC-θ over PKC-δ (IC50=4440 nM). CC-90005 can inhibit T cell activation by IL-2 expression.

7-Oxostaurosporine is a potent protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor that effectively inhibits tumor growth by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting the nuclear factor (NF)-κB/p-p65 pathway.

Staurosporine is a prototypical potent ATP-competitive kinase inhibitor with IC50 of 0.7, 7, 8.5, 6, 20 nM for PKC, PKA,PKG, p60v-src tyrosine protein kinase, CaM kinase II, respectively.

Sotrastaurin(AEB-071) is a potent and selective pan-PKC inhibitor, mostly for PKCθ with Ki of 0.22 nM; inactive to PKCζ.

Ro 31-8220 mesylate (Bisindolylmaleimide IX) is a pan-PKC inhibitor with IC50 of 5 nM, 24 nM, 14 nM, 27 nM, and 24 nM for PKC-α, PKC-βI, PKC-βII, PKC-γ, and PKC-ε, respectively.

PKC-412 is a broad spectrum protein kinase inhibitor. Inhibits conventional PKC isoforms (α, β, γ), PDFRβ, VEGFR2, Syk, PKCη, Flk-1, Flt3, Cdk1/B, PKA, c-Kit, c-Fgr, c-Src, VEGFR1 and EGFR. Displays potent antitumor activity.

N-Desmethyltamoxifen hydrochloride is the major metabolite of tamoxifen in humans. N-Desmethyltamoxifen, a poor antiestrogen, is a ten-fold more potent protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor than Tamoxifen. N-Desmethyltamoxifen hydrochloride is also a potent re

H 89 2HCl is a potent PKA inhibitor with Ki of 48 nM, 10-fold selective for PKA than PKG, greater than 500-fold selectivity than PKC, MLCK, calmodulin kinase II and casein kinase I/II.

Go 6983 is a pan-PKC inhibitor against for PKCα, PKCβ, PKCγ and PKCδ with IC50 of 7 nM, 7 nM, 6 nM and 10 nM, respectively; less potent to PKCζ and inactive to PKCμ.

GF109203X is a potent PKC inhibitor with IC50 of 20 nM, 17 nM, 16 nM, and 20 nM for PKCα, PKCβI, PKCβII, and PKCγ, respectively, showing more than 3000-fold selectivity for PKC as compared to EGFR, PDGFR and insulin receptor.

Enzastaurin (LY317615) is a potent PKCβ selective inhibitor with IC50 of 6 nM, 6- to 20-fold selectivity against PKCα, PKCγ and PKCε. Phase 3.

Bisindolylmaleimide X is a cell-permeable, reversible, ATP-competitive protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor (IC50 = 15 nM, rat brain PKC).

Bisindolylmaleimide II is a general inhibitor of all PKC subtypes.

PKCθ inhibitor 22 is a potent, selective, orally bioavailable inhibitor of Protein Kinase Cθ (PKCθ) with IC50 of 6 nM.PKCθ inhibitor 22 inhibits IL-2 release from PBMCs following stimulation with anti-CD3/CD28 (IC50=0.19 uM).PKCθ inhibitor 22 also inhibits the release of IL-17 from CD3/CD28 stimulated Th-17 cells with an IC50 of 1 uM.PKCθ inhibitor 22 demonstrated a reduction of symptoms in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis.