ARN 23746 (ARN-23746) is a potent, selective inhibitor of Na+-K+-Cl- importer NKCC1, shows NKCC1 inhibition 31.8% at 10 uM, and 95.2% at 100 uM in the Cl− influx assay on NKCC1-transfected HEK293 cells.ARN23746 did not show significant NKCC2 inhibition and KCC2 inhibition at 10 uM.ARN23746 selectively blocks NKCC1 in a human cell line and restore the physiological [Cl−]i in murine DS neurons in culture, has excellent solubility and metabolic stability, and displays no issues with off-target activity in vitro.ARN23746 demonstrated in vivo efficacy in rescuing cognitive impairment in a DS mouse model and social deficits and repetitive behaviors in an autism mouse model.

Bumetanide

STS66 is a novel BBB-penetrant NKCC1 inhibitor.STS66 treatment completely blocked the ischemia-induced elevation of pNKCC1, which is superior to BMT and STS5.STS66 showed efficacy against permanent focal ischemic brain injury with hypertension comorbidity.

ARN24092 (ARN-4092) is a potent, selective inhibitor of Na+-K+-Cl- importer NKCC1, shows significant dose-dependent inhibition of NKCC1 in the Ca2+ influx assay (51.9% at 100 uM).ARN24092 did not show any significant inhibition of NKCC2 in the Cl-influx assay nor inhibition of KCC2 in the thallium (Tl) influx assay.ARN24092 (i.p, 0.6 mg/kg, daily) restored the short-term working memory of Ts65Dn mice in the T-maze test, completely restored associative memory in Ts65Dn mice in the contextual fear-conditioning (CFC) test, without side effects showed in health of the mice.

Furosemide (Frusemide) sodium is a potent and orally active inhibitor of Na-K-Cl cotransporter (NKCC). Furosemide sodium is a subtype-selective antagonist of gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor.,NKCC [1]() GABAA receptor [1]()

Azosemide (Azosemidum) is a potent Na-K-Cl Cotransporter NKCC1 with IC50 of 0.246 and 0.197 uM for hNKCC1A and NKCC1B, being about 4-times more potent than bumetanide.