Lipoic acid is a selective, small molecule large-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channel (BKCa, KCa1.1, MaxiK) positive modulator with EC50 of 11 uM. Lipoic acid shows a favorable selectivity profile on Nav, Cav, SK, and IK channels. Lipoic acid causes distinct activation from a concentration of 0.3 and 10 µM Lipoic acid left-shifted the voltage activation curve by 60 mV. Lipoic acid reduces spontaneous phasic contractions in guinea pig urinary bladder strips at 1 uM, while having only a modest effect on contractions evoked by electrical field stimulation (EFS) and no effect on high K+-induced contractions.

A small molecule that inhibits NFATc1 and NF-κB activity, inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis in vivo.

ABD328 (ABD-328) is an orally active, small molecule inhibitor of RANKL and TNF signalling that inhibits inflammation in vivo.

BAY 11-7082 is a NF-κB inhibitor, inhibits TNFα-induced IκBα phosphorylation with IC50 of 10 μM. Also inhibiting components of the ubiquitin system.

BAY 11-7085 is an irreversible inhibitor of TNFα-induced IκBα phosphorylation with an IC50 value of 10 μM.

Didox is a simple, synthetic antioxidant that has been found to reduce the levels of oxidative injury markers.

Edasalonexent (CAT-1004) is a bifunctional, orally administered small molecule that covalently links 2 compounds known to inhibit NF‐κB, salicylic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).

Iguratimod is one of a series of 4H-1-benzopyran-4-ones which has potent anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activity.

IT 901 is a c-Rel inhibitor (IC50 = 3 μM). Inhibits IL-2 expression in activated T-cells in vitro.

JSH-23 is an inhibitor of NF-κB transcriptional activity with IC50 of 7.1 μM.

SC75741 is a potent NF-κB inhibitor with EC50 of 200 nM.

Cyclo(his-pro) TFA (Cyclo(histidyl-proline) TFA) is an orally active cyclic dipeptide structurally related to tyreotropin-releasing hormone. Cyclo(his-pro) TFA could inhibit NF-κB nuclear accumulation. Cyclo(his-pro) TFA can cross the brain-blood-barrier and affect diverse inflammatory and stress responses.

B022 is a potent and selective NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK) inhibitor with a Ki of 4.2 nM. B022 protects liver from toxin-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, and injury.

Sootepin D (compound 6), a triterpene from the apical bud of Gardenia sootepensis, inhibits TNF-α-induced NF-κB activity with an IC50 of 8.3μM. Sootepin D has anti-inflammatory activity.

Urolithin B is one of the gut microbial metabolites of ellagitannins, and has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Urolithin B inhibits NF-κB activity by reducing the phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα, and suppresses the phosphorylation of JNK, ERK, and Akt, and enhances the phosphorylation of AMPK. Urolithin B is also a regulator of skeletal muscle mass.

DCZ0415, a potent TRIP13 inhibitor, impairs nonhomologous end joining repair and inhibits NF-κB activity. DCZ0415 induces anti-myeloma activity in vitro, in vivo, and in primary cells derived from drug-resistant myeloma patients.

BIZ 114 (Example 11) is a fatty acid derivative and potent inhibits the TNF-α activated NF-κΒ pathway. BIZ 114 has the potential to prevent and / or treat ophthalmic disorders such as retinal degenerative disorders and ocular inflammatory diseases.

Anatabine dicitrate is a tobacco alkaloid that can cross the blood-brain barrier. Anatabine dicitrate is a potent α4β2 nAChR agonist. Anatabine dicitrate inhibits NF-κB activation lower amyloid-β (Aβ) production by preventing the β-cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP). Anatabine dicitrate has anti-inflammatory effects and has the potential for neurodegenerative disorders treatment.

SN50, a cell-permeable NF-κB inhibitory peptide, is composed of the signal peptide of Kaposi fibroblast growth factor.SN50 inhibits the activation of NF-κB and attenuates ventilator-induced lung injury.

SP-100030 is a potent NF-κB and activator protein-1 (AP-1) double inhibitor (IC50s=50 and 50 nM, respectively). SP-100030 inhibits IL-2, IL-8, and TNF-alpha production in Jurkat and other T cell lines. SP-100030 decreases murine collagen-induced arthritis (CIA).

Neocryptotanshinone, a fatty diterpenoids from Salvia Miltiorrhiza, inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation by suppression of NF-κB and iNOS signaling pathways.

Gossypin is a flavone isolated from?Hibiscus vitifolius and has antioxidant, antiinflammatory, anticancer, anticataract, antidiabetic, analgesic and hepatoprotective activities. Gossypin inhibits NF-κB and NF-κB-regulated gene expression. Gossypin inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis both in mouse primary bone marrow cells and RAW 264.7 cells in vitro.