Inupadenant (EOS-850, EOS100850) is a non brain-penetrant, potent and highly selective small molecule antagonist of adenosine A2a receptor (A2AR), shows activity at the high adenosine concentrations found in tumors.

ATL-801, an A2B receptor selective antagonist, ameliorates murine colitis.

hA2A/hCA XII modulator 1 (compound 14), a triazolopirazine, is a potent hA2A adenosine receptor (hA2AAR) antagonist with Kis of 6.4 nM, 4.819 μM, >30 μM for hA2AAR, hA1AR, hA3AR, respectively. hA2A/hCA XII modulator 1 is a potent human carbonic anhydrase XII (hCA XII) inhibitor with Kis of 6.2 nM, 46 nM, 466 nM, 8.351 μM for hCA XII, hCA II, hCA IX and hCA I, respectively. hA2A/hCA XII modulator 1 has the potential for cancer research.

(E)-8-(3-Chlorostyryl)caffeine is a selective adenosine A2A receptor antagonist. (E)-8-(3-Chlorostyryl)caffeine inhibits monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) with a Ki value of 70 nM by a pathway that is independent of its actions on the A2A receptor. (E)-8-(3-Chlorostyryl)caffeine has the potential for Parkinson's disease research.

ANR-94 is a potent and selective adenosine A2A receptor (AA2AR) antagonist with an Ki of 46 nM for hAA2AR. ANR 94 has the potential for the research of Parkinson's disease.

Xanthine amine congener (XAC) hydrochloride is a non-selective adenosine receptor antagonist. Xanthine amine congener hydrochloride induces convulsions in mice.

2'-MeCCPA is a potent and selective A1 adenosine receptors (A1AR) agonist. 2'-MeCCPA efficiently inhibits cAMP modulation in both direct pathway medium spiny neurons (dMSNs) and indirect pathway medium spiny neurons (iMSNs).

LJ-4517 is a potent A2AAR antagonist, with a Ki of 18.3 nM. LJ-4517 is potent in displacing the binding of [3H]ZM241385 at WT A2AAR.

PSB-0788 (compound 17), xanthine-8-yl-benzenesulfonamide derivative, is a new selective high-affinity A2B antagonist with IC50 value of 3.64 nM and Ki value of 0.393 nM, respeactively. PSB-0788 (compound 17) can be used for the research for chronic inflammatory lung diseases.

Sipagladenant (Compound I) is an orally active adenosine receptor A2A inverse agonist. Sipagladenant can be used in frontal lobe dysfunction research.

Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) sodium glycinate is a potent phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor, adenosine receptor antagonist, and histone deacetylase (HDAC) activator. Theophylline sodium glycinate inhibits PDE3 activity to relax airway smooth muscle. Theophylline sodium glycinate has anti-inflammatory activity by increase IL-10 and inhibit NF-κB into the nucleus. Theophylline sodium glycinate induces apoptosis. Theophylline sodium glycinate can be used for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) research.

VCP171 is a potent adenosine A1 receptor (A1R) positive allosteric modulator (PAM). VCP171 is effective at decreasing excitatory synaptic currents in Lamina II of neuropathic pain model. VCP171 can be used for researching neuropathic pain.

M1069 is a selective and orall active, dual A2A/A2B adenosine receptor antagonist with a selectivity of >100 fold against the A1 and A3 receptors. M1069 counteracts immune-suppressive mechanisms of adenosine, and exhibits anti-tumor activity.

L-Adenosine is a metabolically stable enantiomeric analog and also is a potential probe. L-Adenosine has weakly inhibitory adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity with an Ki value of 385 μM. L-Adenosine can be used for the research of adenosine uptake and accumulation.

PSB11 hydrochloride is an antagonist with reverse excitatory activity for human A3 Adenosine Receptor with high affinity (Ki=2.3 nM).

BnOCPA is a potent and powerful analgesic and a highly selective and potent, full agonist at human adenosine A1 receptors (A1Rs) with pEC50 of 7.23 in a NanoBRET agonist binding assay.

I-ABOPX (BW-A522) is a potent, selective A3 adenosine receptor antagonist with high affinity for both the ovine (Ki=3 nM) and human (Ki=19 nM) A3 receptors.

KF-26777 (KF26777) is a potent and selective adenosine A3 receptor antagonist with Ki of 0.2 nM (human A3 receptor).

MRS7935 is a potent, selective positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of A1 adenosine receptor (A1AR) with EC50 of 1.43 uM.

OT-7999 (OT7999) is a potent and selective adenosine A3 receptor antagonist with Ki of 0.61 nM (human A3 receptor) in radioligand binding assays.

QAF-805 (QAF805) is a potent, dual adenosine-A2B receptor and adenosine-A3 receptor antagonist with Ki of 3.4 nM (A2B).

TRR469 is a potent, selective adenosine A1 receptor (A1AR) positive allosteric modulator with pKb of 5.36, exhibits anti-nociceptive properties in acute and neuropathic pain models in mice.