CDK7-IN-6 is a potent and selective cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK7) inhibitor (IC50≤100 nM), extracted from patent WO2019197549 A1, compound 210. CDK7-IN-6 is > 200-fold selective for CDK7 over CDK1, CDK2, and CDK5. CDK7-IN-6 can be used for the research of cancer.

CDK7/9-IN-1 is a cyclin-dependent kinases 7/9 (CDK7/9) inhibitor. CDK7/9-IN-1 selectively inhibits CDK7 over CDK9. CDK7/9-IN-1 inhibits CDK7 with IC50s of 0.0656 μM and 0.00574 μM without pre-incubation and after 3 hours pre-incubation, respectively. CDK7/9-IN-1 inhibits CDK9 with an IC50 of 2.14 μM after 3 hours pre-incubation. CDK7/9-IN-1 can be used for the research of cancer.

BSJ-01-175 is a potent and selective CDK12/13 covalent inhibitor. BSJ-01-175 demonstrates exquisite selectivity, potent inhibition of RNA polymerase II phosphorylation, and downregulation of CDK12-targeted genes in cancer cells.

Avotaciclib (BEY1107) trihydrochloride is a potent and orally active inhibitor of cyclin dependent kinase 1 (CDK1). Avotaciclib trihydrochloride can be used for the research of locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer.

ATR-IN-4 is a potent ATR (Ataxia telangiectasia mutated gene Rad 3-associated kinase) inhibitor. ATR-IN-4 inhibits growth of human prostate cancer cells DU145 and human lung cancer cells NCI-H460 with IC50s of 130.9 nM and 41 .33 nM, respectively. (Patent CN112142744A, compound 13).

Tinengotinib is the modulator of one or more protein kinases such as Aurora kinase and VEGFR kinase. Tinengotinib has the potential for the research of these kinase abnormalities diseases mediated, especially cancer-related diseases (extracted from patent WO2018108079A1).

Chk1-IN-6 is a potent, selective, and orally bioavailable CHK1 inhibitor candidate.

Porfiromycin is a bioreductive alkylating agent that preferentially kill hypoxic tumor cells relative to other aerobic counterparts.

EC2629 is a highly potent folate receptor (FR)-targeted DNA crosslinking agent. EC2629 can be used for the research of FR-positive tumors, including those that are classified as drug resistant.

Deoxythymidine-5'-triphosphate (dTTP) sodium hydrate is one of the four nucleoside triphosphates. Deoxythymidine-5'-triphosphate trisodium salt is used in the synthesis of DNA.

HOE 33187-O-CONH-PEG4-phenol-thiophenone-NHPh-COOEt has inhibitory activity against pre-miR-21 RNA. HOE 33187-O-CONH-PEG4-phenol-thiophenone-NHPh-COOEt has the potential for the research of neoplastic disease such as cancer and especially cancers expressing miR-21 (extracted from patent WO2021087084A1, compound 25).

Bersiporocin is a prolyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitor. Bersiporocin has an IC50 of ≤100 nM for phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase (PRS). Bersiporocin can be used for the research of antifibrotic.

PARP1-IN-7 is an inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1) as an anticancer agent.

Nesuparib is a potent inhibitor of PARP. Nesuparib is useful for the research of neuropathic pain, neurodegenerative disease, and cardiovascular disease (extracted from patent WO2016200101A2).

Venadaparib (IDX-1197), a potent PARP1/2 inhibitor with IC50 values of 1.4 nM and 1.0 nM respectively, prevents the repair of DNA single-strand breaks (SSB) and promotes the conversion of SSB to double-stranded breaks (DSB), which ultimately leads to synthetic lethality in cancer cells.

CL2-MMT-SN38 is a SN-38 derivative. SN-38, an anticancer agent, is an active metabolite of the Topoisomerase I inhibitor Irinotecan (CPT-11).

Sabarubicin is a doxorubicin disaccharide analogue with striking antitumor activity. Sabarubicin is more effective than doxorubicin as a topoisomerase II poison and stimulated DNA fragmentation at lower intracellular concentrations.

Eciruciclib is an antineoplastic and potent cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor.

Tanuxiciclib is a cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor.

CDK7-IN-10 is a CDK7 inhibitor with an IC50 of less than 100 nM, extracted from patent WO2021016388A1, compound I-1. CDK7-IN-10 is useful in inhibiting the activity of a kinase. CDK7-IN-10 has the potential of inhibiting cell growth and inducing cell apoptosis.

7BIO (7-Bromoindirubin-3-Oxime) is the derivate of indirubin. 7BIO (7-Bromoindirubin-3-Oxime) has inhibitory effects against cyclin-dependent kinase-5 (CDK5) and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β). 7BIO (7-Bromoindirubin-3-Oxime) inhibits Aβ oligomer-induced neuroinflammation, synaptic impairments, tau hyper-phosphorylation, activation of astrocytes and microglia, and attenuates Aβ oligomer-induced cognitive impairments in mice[1].

Methyl methanesulfonate (MMS), a DNA alkylating agent, modifies both guanine (to 7-methylguanine) and adenine (to 3-methlyladenine) to cause base mispairing and replication blocks, respectively.

NSC 107512 is a potent inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9). NSC 107512 is a class of sangivamycin-like molecules (SLM). NSC 107512 inhibits growth and induces apoptosis of multiple myeloma tumors.

CK7, a Cdk2/9 inhibitor, can be used for the synthesis of Nek1 inhibitor BSc5231 and BSc5367.

DNA-PK-IN-7 is a potent DNA-PK inhibitor with an IC50 of 1 nM (WO2021104277A1, compound 5).

E7016 (GPI 21016) is an orally available PARP inhibitor. E7016 can enhance tumor cell radiosensitivity in vitro and in vivo through the inhibition of DNA repair. E7016 acts as a potential anticancer agent.

ATR-IN-7 is a potent inhibitor of ATR. ATR is a class of protein kinases involved in genome stability and DNA damage repair, and is a member of the PIKK family. ATR-IN-7 has the potential for the research of ATR kinase-mediated diseases such as proliferative diseases and cancer (extracted from patent WO2021238999A1, compound 1).

ROCK2-IN-5 (compound 1d) is a hybrid compound containing structural fragments of the Rho kinase inhibitor fasudil and the NRF2 inducers caffeic and ferulic acids. ROCK2-IN-5 has good multitarget profile and good tolerability. ROCK2-IN-5 has the potential for thr research of Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) with a SOD1 mutation.

CPT-Se3, a selenoprodrug of Camptothecin (CPT), shows improved potency in killing cancer cells and inhibiting tumor growth. CPT–Se3 decreases the GSH/GSSG ratio and total thiols, elevates the ROS level in Hep G2 cells, and eventually induces apoptosis of cancer cells. CPT-Se3 shows cytotoxicity against HeLa, Hep G2, A549, and SMMC-7721 cells (IC50= 2.19-4.7 μM).

PARP-1/2-IN-1 is a potent PARP-1/2 inhibitor with IC50 of 0.51 nM and 23.11 nM, respectively.

OM-1700 is a potent tankyrase inhibitor with IC50s of 127 and 14 nM for tankyrase 1 and tankyrase 2, respectively. OM-1700 reduces cell growth in the colon cancer cell line COLO 320DM (GI50=650 nM).

CPT-Se4, a selenoprodrug of Camptothecin (CPT), shows improved potency in killing cancer cells and inhibiting tumor growth. CPT-Se4 decreases the GSH/GSSG ratio and total thiols, elevates the ROS level in Hep G2 cells, and eventually induces apoptosis of cancer cells. CPT-Se4 shows cytotoxicity against HeLa, Hep G2, A549, and SMMC-7721 cells (IC50= 2.54-6.4 μM).

SKLB-197 showed an IC50 value of 0.013 μM against ATR but very weak or no activity against other 402 protein kinases. It displayed potent antitumor activity against ATM-deficent tumors both in vitro and in vivo.

CDK6/PIM1-IN-1 is a potent and balanced dual CDK6/PIM1 inhibitor with IC50 values of 39 and 88 nM, respectively. CDK6/PIM1-IN-1 inhibits CDK4 (IC50=3.6 nM). CDK6/PIM1-IN-1 significantly inhibits acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell proliferation, arrest cell cycle at the G1 phase, and promote cell apoptosis. CDK6/PIM1-IN-1 exhibits potent anti-AML activity.

ATR-IN-10 is a potent and highly selective inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia mutated and Rad3-Related (ATR) kinase with an IC50 value of 2.978 μM.

ATR-IN-5 is a potent inhibitor of ATR. ATR is a class of protein kinases involved in genome stability and DNA damage repair, and is a member of the PIKK family. ATR-IN-5 has the potential for the research of ATR kinase-mediated diseases such as proliferative diseases and cancer (extracted from patent CN112047938A, compound D24).

CDK9-IN-13 (compound 38) is potent and selective CDK9 inhibitor, with an IC50 of <3 nM. CDK9-IN-13 exhibits short half-lives in rodents.

OM-153 is a potent tankyrase inhibitor with IC50s of 13 and 2 nM for tankyrase 1 and tankyrase 2, respectively. OM-153 shows inhibition of WNT/β-catenin signaling and proliferation in COLO 320DM.

ATR-IN-6 is a potent inhibitor of ATR. ATR is a class of protein kinases involved in genome stability and DNA damage repair, and is a member of the PIKK family. ATR-IN-6 has the potential for the research of ATR kinase-mediated diseases such as proliferative diseases and cancer (extracted from patent WO2021233376A1, compound A22).

CDK5-IN-2 (compound 15) is a highly selective CDK5 inhibitor with IC50s of 0.2 and 23 for CDK5/p25 and CDK2/CycA, respectively.

ATR-IN-11 (Compound Hit01) is a potent inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) kinase. ATR kinase is a key regulating protein within the DNA damage response (DDR), responsible for sensing replication stress (RS). ATR-IN-11 is a promising lead compound for subsequent drug discovery targeting ATR kinase. ATR-IN-11 has the potential for the research of cancer disease.

ATR-IN-12 (Compound 5g) is a potent inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) kinase with an IC50 value of 0.007 μM. ATR-IN-12 displays good anti-tumor activity and significantly reduces the phosphorylation level of ATR and its downstream signaling protein. ATR-IN-12 is a promising lead compound for subsequent drug discovery targeting ATR kinase.

Retreversine is an inactive control for Reversine. Reversine is a novel class of ATP-competitive Aurora kinase inhibitor.

Aurora kinase inhibitor-8 is a highly selective inhibitor of the Aurora kinases.

Aurora A/PKC-IN-1 (Compound 2e) is a potent dual inhibitor of Aurora A (AurA) and PKC (α, β1, β2, and θ) kinases with IC50s of 6.9 nM and 16.9 nM for AurA and PKCα, respectively. Aurora A/PKC-IN-1 has antiproliferative activity in breast cancer cells and antimetastatic activity.

Aurora A inhibitor 1 is a potent and selective inhibitor of Aurora A. Aurora A has been implicated in cancers of diverse histological origin and may possess oncogenic properties when overexpressed. Aurora A inhibitor 1 has the potential for the research of cancer diseases mediated by aurora a (extracted from patent WO2021147974A1, compound 49).

dAURK-4, an Alisertib derivative, is a potent and selective AURKA (Aurora A) degrader. dAURK-4 has anticancer effects.

Aurora kinase-IN-1 (Compound 9) is a potent inhibitor of aurora kinase. Aurora kinase-IN-1 upregulates the expression of G1 cell cycle inhibitory proteins including p21 and p27, and G1 progressive cyclin D1, and downregulates G1-to-S progressive cyclins, resulting in cell cycle arrest at the G1/S boundary. Aurora kinase-IN-1 also induces apoptosis. Aurora kinase-IN-1 is a lead compound for chemotherapeutic agents.

Aurora/LIM kinase-IN-1 (Compound F114) is a potent and dual inhibitor of aurora and lim kinase. Aurora kinases and lim kinases are involved in neoplastic cell division and cell motility, respectively. Aurora/LIM kinase-IN-1 inhibits GBM proliferation and invasion. Aurora/LIM kinase-IN-1 is a promising new scaffold for dual aurora/lim kinase inhibitors that may be used in future drug development efforts for GBM, and potentially other cancers.

dAURK-4 hydrochloride, an Alisertib derivative, is a potent and selective AURKA (Aurora A) degrader. dAURK-4 hydrochloride has anticancer effects.

(S)-CTX-712 （Example 287） is a novel splicing modulator.

DENV-IN-4 is a potent DENV inhibitor (DENV EC50=4.79 μM, Vero CC50>100 μM, SI>20.9). DENV-IN-4 can inhibit the expression level of DENV2 with concentration-dependence and reduce RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) enzymatic activity. DENV-IN-4 has antiviral effect.

Pol I-IN-1 is a potent RNA polymerase I (Pol I) inhibitor with IC50 0.21 µM for the Pol I large catalytic subunit RPA194.

CHIKV-IN-3 is a potent against two low-passage CHIKV inhibitor with EC50 values of 1.55 and 0.14 µM for CHIKV-122508 and CHIKV-6708, respectively. CHIKV-IN-3 acts on the host cells to interfere with the viral replication. CHIKV-IN-3 displays minimal cytotoxic liability(CC50 > 100 µM). Prophylactic effect.

DNA-PK-IN-6 is a potent inhibitor of DNA-PK. DNA-PK-IN-6 inhibits DNA-PKcs activity, thus greatly reducing tumor DNA repair and inducing cells to enter the apoptotic program. DNA-PK-IN-6 enhances the sensitivity of tumor tissues to radiotherapy, overcomes the problem of drug resistance, and enhances the inhibitory effect on a variety of solid tumors and hematological tumors (extracted from patent WO2021197159A1, compound 6).

DNA-PK-IN-4 is a potent inhibitor of DNA-PK. DNA-PK-IN-4 is a imidazolinone derivative compound. DNA-PK-IN-4 inhibits DNA-PKcs activity, thus greatly reducing tumor DNA repair and inducing cells to enter the apoptotic program. DNA-PK-IN-4 has the potential for the research of cancer disease (extracted from patent WO2021209055A1, compound 27).

DNA-PK-IN-3 is a potent inhibitor of DNA-PK. DNA-PK-IN-3 synergistically enhances the effect of radiotherapy and chemotherapy and effectively inhibits tumor growth. DNA-PK-IN-3 also effectively reduces the damage to normal cells and reducing side effects. DNA-PK-IN-3 has the potential for the research of cancer disease (extracted from patent WO2021213460A1, compound 4).

Bis-Pro-5FU (Compound 4) is a 5-FU precursor that confers oral bioavailability and increase the safety profile of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) chemotherapy regimens. 5-FU is an antineoplastic antimetabolite that is widely used for the research of colorectal and pancreatic cancer.

NCT-TFP is PARP probe used to identifying Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP) inhibitors (extracted from patent US20190331688A1).

AZ3391 is a potent inhibitor of PARP. AZ3391 is a quinoxaline derivative. PARP family of enzymes play an important role in a number of cellular processes, such as replication, recombination, chromatin remodeling, and DNA damage repair. AZ3391 has the potential for the research of diseases and conditions occurring in tissues in the central nervous system, such as the brain and spinal cord (extracted from patent WO2021260092A1, compound 23).

PARP-1-IN-1 is a high selective and orally active PARP-1 inhibitor (IC50=0.96 nM). PARP-1-IN-1 has well tolerance and remarkable single dose activity in the MDA-MB-436 xenotransplantation model.

PERK-IN-5 is a highly potent, selectively and orally bioavailable PERK inhibitor (IC50s of 2 and 9 nM for PERK and p-eIF2α, respectively). PERK-IN-5 can significantly inhibit tumor growth in the 786-O renal cell carcinoma xenograft tumor model.

AS1892802 is a potent, orally active, and highly selective inhibitor of ROCK. The onset of antinociceptive effect of AS1892802 is as fast as those of Tramadol and Diclofenac. AS1892802 did not induce gastric irritation or abnormal behavior. AS1892802 is an attractive analgesic profile for the research of severe osteoarthritis pain.

Corydamine, 3-arylisoquinoline alkaloid, is a potent DNA topoisomerase I/II inhibitor. Corydamine has anti-cancer activity.

Topoisomerase I/II inhibitor 2 (compound 1a) is a potent Topoisomerase inhibitor (IC50= 9.82 μM on Huh7 cells and 6.83 μM on LM9 cells). Topoisomerase I/II inhibitor 2 has dual inhibition on DNA topoisomerase I/II, also can obviously reduce the growth of xenograft tumor in mice model. Topoisomerase I/II inhibitor 2 has the potential value in treating liver cancer.

MM41 is a potent stabilizer of human telomeric and gene promoter DNA quadruplexes. MM41 is potently against the MIA PaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cell line with IC50 value of <10 nM.

L5-DA is a G-quadruplex (G4) ligand and selectively stabilized for G4s over ds26. L5-DA exhibits significant cytotoxicity against HeLa cells (IC50=4.3 μM). L5-DA stabilizes G4s in HeLa cells, induces apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest.

dCeMM4 (Compound 5) is a glue degrader. dCeMM4 induces ubiquitination and degradation of cyclin K by prompting an interaction of CDK12-cyclin K with a CRL4B ligase complex.

(E/Z)-Zotiraciclib ((E/Z)-TG02) hydrochloride is a potent CDK2, JAK2, and FLT3 inhibitor.

CDK4/6-IN-11 is a potent PROTAC CDK4/6 degrader.

(R)-CTX-712 is a potent inhibitor of cdc2-like kinase (CLK). (R)-CTX-712 inhibits CLK kinase activity, and thus inhibits cancer survival and cancer cell growth. (R)-CTX-712 has the potential for the research of cancer disease (extracted from patent JPWO2017188374A1, compound 286).

CDK7-IN-2 is a potent inhibitor of CDK7. CDK7 is implicated in both temporal control of the cell cycle and transcriptional activity. CDK7 is implicated in the transcriptional initiation process by phosphorylation of Rbpl subunit of RNA Polymerase II (RNAPII). CDK7 has the potential for the research of cancer disease, in particular aggressive and hard- to-treat cancers (extracted from patent WO2019099298A1, compound 1).

CDK5-IN-3 (compound 11) is a potent and selective CDK5 inhibitor, with IC50s of 0.6 nM and 18 nM for CDK5/p25 and CDK2/CycA, respectively. CDK5-IN-3 can be used for the research of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD).

SZ-015268 is a CDK7 inhibitor with an IC50 of 23.56 nM. SZ-015268 has extremely significant anti-tumor advantages. SZ-015268 inhibits HCC70, OVCAR-3, HCT116 and HCC1806 cells proliferation with IC50s of 33, 80.56, 12.53, and 61.55 nM, respectively.

CDK7-IN-12 is a potent inhibitor of CDK7. CDK7-IN-12 plays a key role in transcriptional regulation and cell cycle regulation. CDK7-IN-12 effectively inhibit malignant tumor proliferation in vitro and in vivo. CDK7-IN-12 has the potential for the research of cancer disease (extracted from patent WO2021249417A1, compound 43).

CDK1-IN-7 is a potent CDK1 inhibitor (CDK1/CycB IC50=161.2 nM) with potential antiproliferative activity and selectivity for cancer tissues. CDK1-IN-7 induces apoptosis in p53 dependent manner through the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. CDK1-IN-7 is a potential targeted antitumor agent.

FLT3/CDK4-IN-1 is a potent, high selective and orally active FLT3/CDK4 dual inhibitor (IC50=11 and 7 nM for FLT3 and CDK4, respectively). FLT3/CDK4-IN-1 has antiproliferative activities against certain cancer cells. FLT3/CDK4-IN-1 has good antitumor effect in vivo.

dCeMM2 (Compound 2) is a glue degrader. dCeMM2 induces ubiquitination and degradation of cyclin K by prompting an interaction of CDK12-cyclin K with a CRL4B ligase complex.

dCeMM3 (Compound 3) is a glue degrader. dCeMM3 induces ubiquitination and degradation of cyclin K by prompting an interaction of CDK12-cyclin K with a CRL4B ligase complex.

NSC693868 is a selective inhibitor of CDK1 and CDK5 with IC50s of 600 nM and 400 nM, respectively. NSC693868 less potently inhibits GSK3β with an IC50 of 1 µM) and does not block CDC25 activity. NSC693868 is used to help define the roles of CDK1 and CDK5 in various signaling pathways.

5,6-Dichlorobenzimidazole riboside is a nucleoside analog that inhibits several carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD) kinases including casein kinase II and CDKs. 5,6-Dichlorobenzimidazole riboside trigger p53-dependent apoptosis of human colon adenocarcinoma cells without inducing genotoxic stress to healthy cells.

(E/Z)-Zotiraciclib citrate is a potent CDK2, JAK2, and FLT3 inhibitor.

Anticancer agent 30 (compound 6f-Z), a 3-arylidene-2-oxindole derivative, is a selective CDK2 inhibitor with potent anticancer activity.

Anticancer agent 29 (Compd E/Z-6f) is an anticancer agent, with IC50 values of 0.054 μM, 0.127 μM, 0.129 μM, 0.396 μM for CDK2, CDK1, CDK4 and CDK6, respectively.

DD-03-156 is a potent and selective degrader of CDK17 and LIMK2. The selectivity and potency of DD-03-156 is exquisite and makes an advanced starting point for the development of a chemical probe for the degradation of CDK17.

CFI-402257(luvixasertib) is a potent and selective Mps1/TTK kinase inhibitor with Ki of 0.1 nM and cellular Mps1 EC50 of 6.5 nM.

THZ-1 hydrochloride is a potent, selective, covalent CDK7 inhibitor with IC50 of 3.2 nM.

Nedisertib (M3814, MSC2490484A) is a highly potent, selective, orally bioavailable inhibitor of DNA-PK.

(R)-CR8 is a potent CDK1/2/5/7/9 inhibitor, inhibits CDK1/cyclin B (IC50, 90 nM), CDK2/cyclin A (72 nM), CDK2/cyclin E (41 nM), CDK5/p25 ( 110 nM), CDK7/cyclin H (1.1 uM), CDK9/cyclin T (0.18 uM) and CK1δ/ε (0.4 uM); (R)-CR8 induces apoptosis and has neuroprotective effect, CR8 alsp acts as a molecular glue degrader that depletes cyclin K.

3-Deazauridine (DAU, NSC 126849) is a nucleoside analog that competitively inhibits cytidine triphosphate synthetase (CTP).3-Deazauridine inhibits the growth of L1210 leukemia cells when used at a concentration of 6 µM and dose-dependently reduces mortality in a mouse model of leukemia.3-Deazauridine selectively suppresses cell viability in a MYC-dependent manner in ARPE-19 cells.3-Deazauridine causes selective replication stress in MYC-overexpressing cells, which originates from MYC-driven rRNA synthesis.3-Deazauridine combined with ATR inhibitor BAY-1895344 induces synthetic lethality to MYC-overexpressing cells, and suppresses tumor growth in 3D assays and in vivo.

A potent, ATP-competitive and relative selective Nek2 inhibitor with IC50 of 0.67 uM; displays >10-fold selectivity over CDK2.

A potent, relatively selective Nek2 inhibitor with IC50 of 82.74 nM in cell-free assays; inhibits only 3 kinases (YSK4, FLT3-ITDD835V and FLT3-ITDF691L) against 97 kinases with >65% inhibition at 15 nM; blocks NEK2-EZH2 complex formation and inhibits tumor cell proliferation; efficiently attenuates GBM growth in mouse model and exhibits a synergistic effect with radiotherapy.

A-1592668 (A 1592668) is a novel potent, CDK9-selective inhibitor with IC50 of 1.2 nM, >1000 fold selectivity over CDK1/2/7/8; A-1592668 also displays selectivity of ~12- and 240-fold over CDK4 and CDK6 respectively. A-1467729 inhibited phosphorylation of RNA pol-II (p-RNA pol-II; Ser2) with a potency of 26.7 nM at the cellular level, inhibited MCL-1 dependent hematologic tumor cell lines H929 (IC50=39 nM) and MV4-11 (IC50=42.4 nM) following 24 h of incubation.

A83B4C63 is a potent small molecule DNA repair protein, polynucleotide kinase 3'-phosphatase (PNKP) inhibitor with Kd of 80 nM.A83B4C63 is a nano-encapsulated potent, but poorly water-soluble lead PNKP inhibitor with therapeutic potential for PTEN-deficient CRC.Nano-carriers of A83B4C63 effectively inhibited the growth of HCT116/PTEN-/- xenografts in NIH-III nude mice following intravenous (IV) administration, but not that of wild-type HCT116/PTEN+/+ xenografts.A83B4C63 encapsulated in NPs (NP/A83) based on mPEO-b-PBCL or solubilized with CE/A83, sensitized colorectal cancer cells to DNA damaging therapeutics in human HCT116 colorectal cancer (CRC) models.

AEP07 (AEP 07) is a selective small molecule inhibitor of PARP4 (vPARP) inhibitor with IC50 of 0.8 uM, >12-fold selective over other PARP family members.

AMXI-5001 Hcl (AMXI 5001) is a novel, highly potent, orally active dual PARP1/2 (IC50 5/0.05 nM) and microtubule polymerization inhibitor, inhibits intracellular PAR formation with IC50 of 7 nM.AMXI-5001 binds to the catalytic domain of human PARP1 and is a weak tankyrase inhibitor (800-fold lower than IC50 towards either PARP1 or PARP2 enzymes).AMXI-5001 inhibited tubulin polymerization in a dose-dependent manner.AMXI-5001 exhibited selective antitumor cytotoxicity across a wide variety of human cancer cells with much lower IC50s than existing clinical PARP1/2 inhibitors.AMXI-5001 is highly active in both BRCA mutated and wild type cancers.AMXI-5001 elicited a remarkable In vivo preclinical anti-tumor activity in a BRCA mutated TNBC model induced complete regression of established tumors, including exceedingly large tumors, demonstrated superior anti-tumor effects compared to either single agent (PARP or microtubule) inhibitor or combination with both agents.

And1 inhibitor CH3 is potent acidic nucleoplasmic DNA-binding protein 1 (And-1) inhibitor, reducess And‐1 expression level in IGROV1 cells with IC50 of 2.08 uM.CH3 induces acidic nucleoplasmic DNA‐binding protein 1 (And‐1) degradation via the E3 ubiquitin ligase CUL4B‐mediated proteasome degradation pathway.CH3 promotes the interaction between And‐1 and CUL4B by altering And‐1 conformation.CH3 exhibits the significant inhibition in a broad range of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.CH3 (20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg) reduced tumor growth of ovarian IGROV1 and breast MCF7 xenografts at both treated doses.CH3 also could overcome cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer.And1 is an important factor for deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) replication and repair, is overexpressed in many types of cancer but not in normal tissues.

ASP9822 is a novel potent selective CDK7 inhibitor with IC50 of 4.3 nM, with anti-cancer activity.

AZ5576 (AZ-5576) is a potent, selective CDK9 inhibitor with an IC 50 <5 nM, decreases phosphorlyation of Ser2-RNAPII in cells with an IC 50 of 96 nM.AZ5576 downregulated Mcl-1 and MYC protein abundance across multiple tested DLBCL cell lines and in primary DLBCL cells.MYC sensitizes DLBCL cells to AZ5576, genetic downregulation of MYC in U-2932 and OCI-LY19 cells resulted in diminished susceptibility to AZ5576.AZ5576 dose-dependently downregulated MYC transcription of a luciferase reporter containing multiple canonical MYC-MAX-binding sites, an effect more pronounced compared with multi-CDK inhibitor dinaciclib.AZ5576 restricts growth of xenografted DLBCL tumors in vivo.

bio-THZ1 is a biotinylated version of THZ1 and binds irreversibly to CDK7.

BLM inhibitor 2 is a specific inhibitor of BLM (Bloom syndrome protein) ATPase-coupled DNA helicase activity (IC50=2.2 uM) via the allosteric binding site.BLM inhibitor 2 displays high selectivity over members of the RecQ-helicase family in ATP-turnover assays, including recombinant helicase domains (HD) from human WRN, human RecQ5 or E. coli helicase UvrD, and human RecQ1.BLM inhibitor 2 is a non-competitive inhibitor, does not interfere with ATP-binding, unliker ML216.BLM inhibitor 2 inhibits production of the single-stranded DNA product in a dose-dependent manner (IC50=1.8 uM) via inhibition of the helicase activity of BLM-HD.BLM (Bloom syndrome protein) is a RECQ-family helicase involved in the dissolution of complex DNA structures and repair intermediates (BLM, WRN, RECQ1, RECQ4, and RECQ5 in humans).

CAM833 (CAM-833) is a potent, specific chemical inhibitor of the RAD51-BRCA2 interaction and RAD51 oligomerization with Kd of 366 nM; CAM833 inhibited RAD51 foci formation 6 h after exposure to 3 Gy IR, in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC50 of 6 uM, causeed a concentration-dependent decrease in RAD51 foci accompanied by increased DNA damage in A549 cells. CAM833 inhibted RAD51 molecular clustering at DNA damage sites visualized by SMLM, suppressed homologous recombination and potentiated cell-cycle arrest. CAM833 potentiated the growth suppressive effect of PARP1 inhibition in BRCA2 wild-type cells, as well as dose-dependent growth inhibition when combined with ionizing radiation.

CaNDY is a highly potent rectifier of the aberrant splicing, potently inhibits DYRK1A, DYRK1B, CLK1/CLK2/ with IC50 of 21.6/68.3/116 nM in in vitro kinase assays.CaNDY is a potent and selective inhibitor of DYRK family kinases, CaNDY induces selective degradation of DYRK1A, and inhibits catalytic activity of recombinant DYRK1A with IC50 value of 7.9 nM by competing with ATP, antagonizes the CDC37 interaction with DYRK1A.CaNDY demonstrated CFTR pseudo exon suppression with EC50 of 1.2 uM, 20.4 times lower than that of TG003.Splice modulation by CaNDY is mediated by its CLK-inhibition activity.CaNDY, but not CFTR modulator VX-809, rescues mature CFTR expression from the CFTR gene with the 3,849 + 10 kb C>T mutation, suppresses SRSF phosphorylation.CaNDY (3 uM) treatment rescued CFTR channel activity from CFTRC>T-GFP at an extent comparable to that of CFTRWT-GFP, demonstrating a restoration of functional CFTR expression.

CDDD11-8 is a potent CDK9 inhibitor co-targeting FLT3-ITD with Ki values of 8 and 13 nM, respectively.CDDD11-8 displays excellent kinome selectivity in a panel of 369 human kinases.CDDD11-8 displays antiproliferative activity against leukemia cell lines, and particularly potent effects against MV4-11 and MOLM-13 cells, which are known to harbor the FLT3-ITD mutation and mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) fusion proteins.CDDD11-8 causes a robust tumor growth inhibition by oral administration in animal xenografts, induces tumor regression at dose of 125 mg/kg.

CDDD2-94 is a highly potent and selective CDK4 inhibitor with Ki of 2 nM, >140-fold selective for CDK4 over CDK6 (Ki=279 nM).CDDD2-94 is ineffective against other members of the CDK family, displays high selectivity against a panel of 369 human kinases at 1uM, with exceptionally selective-CLK, DYRKs and MYLK4 were the only kinases targeted potently.CDDD2-94 is the most selective CDK4 inhibitor identified to date.CDDD2-94 demonstrated antiproliferative activityagainst MV4-11 and MDA-MB-453 cell lines with GI50 of 0.107 and 0.325 uM respectively.CDDD2-94 inhibits S780-phosphorylated Rb (pRb(S780)) and decreases transcription of Rb1 and E2F-target genes in MDA-MB-453 cells.CDDD2-94 is well tolerated and efficacious in preclinical OC xenograft model, CDDD2-94 provides better safety profile than palbociclib towards the bone marrow.

CFI-400945 is a potent, highly selective PLK4 inhibitor with Ki of 0.26 nM and IC50 of 2.8 nM, does not significantly inhibits PLK1/2/3 at 50 uM; causes dysregulated centriole duplication, mitotic defects, and cell death in multiple cancer cell lines (A549 GI50=5 nM, OVCAR-3 GI50=18 nM); significantly inhibits human cancer xenografts; causes polyploidy, growth inhibition, and apoptotic death of murine and human lung cancer cells, despite expression of mutated KRAS or p53, produces supernumerary centrosomes and mitotic defects in lung cancer cells.

CFI-400945 is a potent, highly selective, orally available PLK4 inhibitor with Ki of 0.26 nM and IC50 of 2.8 nM, does not significantly inhibits PLK1/2/3 at 50 uM; causes dysregulated centriole duplication, mitotic defects, and cell death in multiple cancer cell lines (A549 GI50=5 nM, OVCAR-3 GI50=18 nM); significantly inhibits human cancer xenografts; causes polyploidy, growth inhibition, and apoptotic death of murine and human lung cancer cells, despite expression of mutated KRAS or p53, produces supernumerary centrosomes and mitotic defects in lung cancer cells.

cis-ISRIB is a weak inhibitor of PERK signaling compared to trans-ISRIB , potently reverses the effects of eIF2α phosphorylation with IC50 of 600 nM.ISRIB reduces the viability of cells subjected to PERK-activation by chronic endoplasmic reticulum stress, displays significant enhancement in spatial and fear-associated learning.ISRIB is a potent inhibitor of the integrated stress response (ISR)integrated stress response (ISR).

CLK4 inhibitor 96 is a novel potent CLK4 inhibitor with IC50 of 57.5 nM.

Cycloheximide (Naramycin A, Actidione) is a widely-used protein synthesis inhibitor that inhibits protein biosynthesis in eukaryotic organisms with IC50 of 532.5 nM and 2880 nM for protein synthesis and RNA synthesis in vivo, respectively; block the elongation phase of eukaryotic translation, binds the ribosome and inhibits eEF2-mediated translocation; impairs memory more as footshock intensity increases, enhances memory in an inverted-U dose-response manner at low dose; also sensitizes COLO 205 cells to TNF-alpha-induced programmed cell death.

Debio 0123 (Debio0123) is a potent, orally available, and highly selective Wee1 kinase inhibitor with IC50 of 0.8 nM, Ki of 0.1 nM.Debio 0123 is highly selective to Wee1 on 465 selected kinases in a cellfree system, does not inhibit Plk1 and Plk2, as also reported in recent publications for AZD1775.Debio 0123 exhibits in vitro growth inhibition activity in a broad number of human cancer cell lines (IC50= 0.109 to 7.08 uM).Debio 0123 prevent CDC2 / Cdk1 phosphorylation, induces γH2AX and enhances phosphorylation of histone H3.Debio 0123 induces apoptosis through mitotic catastrophe following cell cycle progression despite accumulation of unrepaired DNA damage both in vitro and in vivo.

F114 is a novel, first-in-class, dual aurora and lim kinase inhibitor with IC50 of 72 nM and 137 nM against Aurora-A and Limk1, respectively, F114 inhibits GBM proliferation and invasion.

GPS167 is a specific small molecule splicing regulator SRSF10 inhibitor, modulates BCLAF1 splicing with IC50 of 2 uM in human colorectal HCT116 cells, directly inhibits CLK1, CLK2 and CLK4, but not SRPK1 and DYRK1A.GPS167 promotes the dephoshorylation of SRSF10 and changes its interaction with partner proteins.GPS167 treatment leads to a partial dephosphorylation of SRSF10 and increases the recovery of CLK1 and CLK4.GPS167 impairs the growth of cancer cell line, elicits p53-dependent cytotoxicity.GPS167 is cytotoxic for human colorectal cancer organoids but not normal organoids.

HH-N25 is a a potent and selective topoisomerase I (TOP1) inhibitor with potent antiproliferative activities against a panel of human breast cancer cell lines (IC50=0.045-4.2 uM).HH-N25 shows potent antitumor activities in human breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.

IPP-14 is a novel PAK1 inhibitor that selectively blocks the PAK1-PUMA binding and suppresses cell proliferation via PUMA-dependent manner; suppresses cancer cell viability and migration, induces p21 expression and induces M-phase arrest by inhibition of PAK1; also induces p21/WAF1/CIP1 (Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A) expression by releasing from Bcl-2 and by inhibition of AKT-mediated p21 suppression.

Lapcin is a potent dual topoisomerase I/II inhibitor with nM to pM IC50s against diverse cancer cell lines (Colon cancer HT29 cell IC50=0.516 nM); Lapcin showed weak activity against DNA gyrase (IC50>20.5 uM). While only weakly active against DNA gyrase, lapcin was a potent of inhibitor of both DNA relaxation by topoisomerase I (IC50=2.17 uM) and DNA decatenation by topoisomerase II (IC50=7.53uM), 14 times more potent than the alkaloid camptothecin. Lapcin was more potent than the topoisomerase II inhibitor etoposide against all of the cell lines we tested, with the exception of the lung cancer cell NCI-H226, against which it was essentially equipotent. Cell lines expressing wild-type p53 (HCT116, H226, MCF7) tended to show higher IC50s than p53 reduced cell lines (NCI-H1299, HT29, Colo205, Hela).

LMP517 (NSC 781517) is a non-camptothecin, dual TOP1 and TOP2 topoisomerase inhibitor.LMP517 showed better antitumor activity than its parent compound LMP744 against H82 (small cell lung cancer) xenografts.

M3541 (M 3541) is a novel potent, selective and ATP-competitive ATM kinase inhibitor with IC50 of 0.25 nM (ATP, 10 uM).M3541 displays a good margin of selectivity (>60-fold) against the closely related PIKK family members with DNA-PK, PI3K isoforms, mTOR, and ATR.M3541 inhibits the phosphorylation of ATM as well as its cellular substrates CHK2, KAP1, and p53 in a concentration-dependent manner in A549 cells.M3541 inhibits double strand break repair and sensitizes cancer cells to radiation.M3541 suppresses ATM pathway activity and potentiates radiation efficacy in xenograft models of human cancer, synergizes with topoisomerase and PARP inhibitors.

M4076 is a higly potent, selective, ATP-competitive inhibitor of ATM kinase with IC50 of 0.2 nM.M4076 sensitizes tumor cell lines to radiation therapy in vitro and strongly enhances the anti-tumor activity of ionizing radiation in vivo.

MFH290 (MFH-290) is a potent, highly selective, covalent inhibitor of CDK12/13 with IC50 of 25/49 nM.MFH290 forms a covalent bond with Cys-1039 of CDK12, and CDK12-dependent as mutation of Cys-1039 rendered the kinase refractory to MFH290.MFH290 exhibits excellent kinome selectivity, inhibits the phosphorylation of serine-2 in the C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA-polymerase II (Pol II), and reduces the expression of key DNA damage repair genes.MFH290 restored Pol II CTD phosphorylation and DNA damage repair gene expression AND augments the antiproliferative effect of the PARP inhibitor olaparib.

MSC2711186 is a potent, selective, cell active pan-SRPK with IC50 of 2.7/8.1/0.59 nM for SRPK1/2/3, repectively.MSC2711186 does not show any activity towards the CLKs, and is selective in an in vitro kinase panel from Reaction Biology at 1 µM against 395 Kinases.MSC2711186 displayed an IC50 of 98 nM on SRPK1 and 40 nM on SRPK3 in intact cells and 44 nM on SRPK1, 149 nM on SRPK2 and 40nM on SRPK3 in lysed cells in NanoBRETTM assay.Serine-arginine protein kinases (SPRKs) are a subfamily of serine-threonine kinases, regulating pre-mRNA splicing in response to extracellular stimuli by phosphorylating serine/arginine (SR)-rich splicing factors. The human genome encodes three SRPK genes, SRPK1, SRPK2 and SRPK3. While SRPK1 has been detected in many human tissues at varying expression levels, SRPK2 and SRPK3 exhibit a more tissue-specific expression.

NU5455 (NU-5455) is a potent, highly selective, oral inhibitor of DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) activity with IC50 of 8.2 nM.NU5455 displays selectivity versus Vps34 (8.7-fold), PI3Kδ (33.7-fold), ATM/ATR (both >1200-fold), 228-fold selectivity margin for DNA-PKcs kinase activity versus that of PI3Kα.NU5455 inhibited radiation-induced activation of DNA-PK with an IC50 of 168 nM, but did not inhibit IGF-stimulated activation of AKT in MCF7 cells even at 10 uM.NU5455 inhibited the repair of DNA-DSBs induced by treatment with enzyme AfeI or ScaI restriction endonucleases within a 24-hour period in HEK293T cells, significantly increased the number of colocalized γH2AX and 53BP1 foci.NU5455 is a highly selective inhibitor of DNA-PKcs that is active in cells and that can perturb DNA-DSB repair by NHEJ.NU5455 preferentially augmented radiotherapy in subcutaneous Calu-6 and A549 lung tumor xenografts, increased both the efficacy and the toxicity of a parenterally administered topoisomerase inhibitor, NU5455 enhanced the activity of doxorubicin released locally in liver tumor xenografts without inducing any adverse effect.

PARPYnD is the first cell-active photoaffinity probe (AfBP) for PARP protein class, based on triple PARP1/2/6 inhibitor AZ9482.PARPYnD is a robust tool for profiling PARP1/2 and is used to profile clinical PARP inhibitor olaparib, identifying several novel off-target proteins.PARPYnD can enrich recombinant PARP6 spiked into cellular lysates and inhibits PARP6 in cell-free assays, it does not label PARP6 in intact cells.PARPYnD inhibits PARP1/2/6 with IC50 of 38/6/230 nM, respectively.

PF-06842874 is a potent, selective CDK4/6 inhibitor.

RP12146 (RP12146) is a novel, selective, and potent small molecule inhibitor of PARP1/2 with IC50 of 0.6/0.5 nM, with several fold selectivity over other isoforms.RP12146 inhibited cell growth in both BRCA mutant and non-BRCA mutant cancer cell lines with a GI50 range of 0.043 to 19.83 µM in a dose dependent manner.RP12146 demonstrated anti-tumor activities in both tumor size and tumor weight in OVCAR3 xenograft model.

SCR7 is a specific inhibitor of nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ), blocks Ligase IV-mediated joining by interfering with its DNA binding but not that of T4 DNA Ligase or Ligase I; inhibits NHEJ in a Ligase IV-dependent manner within cells, causes accumulation of double-strand breaks (DSBs), and activates the intrinsic apoptotic pathway; decreases cell proliferation of MCF7, A549, and HeLa with IC50 of 40, 34, and 44 uM, respectively; increases the efficacy of DSB-inducing therapeutic modalities in mouse xenografts; increases the efficiency of precise genome editing with CRISPR-Cas9 in mammalian cell lines and in mice.

Senexin C is a novel potent, selective and orally bioavailable CDK8/19 inhibitor with Kd of 1.4 and 2.9 nM for CDK8/CycC and CDK19/CycC, respectively.Senexin C inhibits CDK8/CycC with IC50 of 3.6 nM, shows high selectivity against other HDAC isoforms.Senexin C is more metabolically stable and provides a more sustained inhibition of CDK8/19-dependent cellular gene expression when compared with the prototype inhibitor Senexin B.Senexin C inhibits MV4-11 leukemia growth in a systemic in vivo model with good tolerability.

SY-5102 (SY5102) is a highly potent, selective, noncovalent, orally available CDK7 inhibitor with SPR Kd of 0.03 nM (binding to CDK7/Cyclin H).SY-5102 (SY5102) displays highly selectivity against CDK2, CDK9, and CDK12 (all IC50>75 nM).SY-5102 potently inhibits HCC70 cell proliferation with EC50 of 9 nM.SY-5102 showed dose-dependent tumor growth inhibition including tumor regression at 4 mg/kg po (dosed twice daily) in an HCC70 cell line derived xenograft mouse model.

TH9028 (TH-9028) is a potent and selective inhibitor of folate metabolism enzyme MTHFD2 with IC50 of 11 nM.TH9028demonstrated efficacy on HL-60 cell viability with EC50 of 11 nM.TH9028 potently inhibits related MTHFD proteins MTHFD2L and MTHFD1-(DC) with IC50 of 47 and 16 nM, respectively.

TH9619 (TH-9619) is a potent and selective inhibitor of folate metabolism enzyme MTHFD2 with IC50 of 47 nM.TH9619 demonstrated efficacy on HL-60 cell viability with EC50 of 11 nM.TH9619 potently inhibits related MTHFD proteins MTHFD2L and MTHFD1-(DC) with IC50 of 47 and 16 nM, respectively.TH9619 displays high potency and cancer selectivity in AML models. induce thymine-less DNA damage and apoptosis, causes uracil misincorporation into DNA, sensitize cancer cells to ATR-signaling blockade.TH9619 impairs cancer progression in vivo.TH9619 displays high selectivity toward binding and stabilizing MTHFD2 over other common folate metabolism targets such as DHFR, thymidylate synthase (TYMS), serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT) 1 and SHMT2.

Thymidine Phosphorylase inhibitor 8g (hTP inhibitor 8g) is a novel potent, selective inhibitor of human thymidine phosphorylase (hTP) with IC50 of 0.12 uM; induces DNA damage measured with the alkaline comet assay in HepG2 cells; hTP inhibitor 8g (50 mg/kg/day) for two weeks (5 days/week) significantly reduced tumor growth using an in vivo glioblastoma model.

Wee1 Inhibitor II is a potent, selective, ATP-binding site-targeting inhibitor of Wee1 with IC50 of 59 nM, 590-fold selectivity over the related checkpoint kinase Chk1 (IC50=35 uM).

Zebularine (NSC309132, 4-Deoxyuridine) is a nucleoside analog of cytidine and inhibitor of cytidine deaminase, also inhibits DNA methylation and tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo.

4-Aminonaphthalimide is a potent PARP inhibitor and potentiates the cytotoxicity of γ-radiation in cancer cells.

(S)-CR8 is the S-isomer of CR8. (S)-CR8 is a potent and selective CDK inhibitor with IC50s of 0.060, 0.080, 0.11, 0.12, and 0.15 μM for CDK2/cyclin E, CDK2/cyclin A, CDK9/cyclin T, CDK5/p25, and CDK1/cyclin B, respectively. (S)-CR8 reduces SH-SY5Y cells survival (IC50 0.40 μM).

Alatrofloxacin, the parenteral prodrug of Trovafloxacin, is a fluoronaphthyridone which contains an L-alanyl-L-alanyl salt. Alatrofloxacin functions similar to other fluoroquinolone antibiotics in that it not only has antibiotic activity to kill invading organisms by interfering with DNA synthesis, it possesses immunosuppressive activity.

AS-136A is an orally active non-nucleoside inhibitor of the measles virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) with an IC50 of 2 µM for measles virus.

TDRL-X80 is a potent inhibitor of xeroderma pigmentosum group A (XPA) protein. TDRL-X80 inhibits XPA’s DNA binding activity. TDRL-X80 exhibits activity against single, double, and Cisplatin-damaged DNA with IC50s of 18, 20, and 29 μM in fluorescence polarization (FP) analyses , and with IC50s of 21, 39, and 28 in ELISA Analysis.

AZD5099, an antibacterial agent, is a potent and selective bacterial topoisomerase II inhibitor. AZD5099 potently inhibits the infections caused by Gram-positive and fastidious Gram-negative bacteria.

ZDLD20, a β-carboline, is orally active and selective CDK4/CycD3 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 6.51  μM. ZDLD20 exhibits potent anti-HCT116 activity including inhibition of colony formation, inhibition of invasion and migration, inducing of apoptosis, and arresting of G1 phase in cell cycle. ZDLD20 exhibits potent anticancer activity.

Lurtotecan (GI147211; OSI-211), a semisynthetic Camptothecin analog, is a topoisomerase I inhibitor. Lurtotecan has anticancer effects.

ZDLD13, a β-carboline, is an orally active and selective CDK4/CycD3 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.38 μM. ZDLD13 exhibits potent anti-HCT116 activity including inhibition of colony formation, inhibition of invasion and migration, inducing of apoptosis, and arresting of G1 phase in cell cycle. ZDLD13 shows significant tumor growth inhibition in HCT116 tumor xenograft model.

6-Mercaptopurine-13C2,15N (Mercaptopurine-13C2,15N) is the 13C- and 15N-labeled 6-Mercaptopurine. 6-Mercaptopurine is a purine analogue which acts as an antagonist of the endogenous purines and has been widely used as antileukemic agent and immunosuppressive drug.

Zn(BQTC) is a highly potent mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and nuclear DNA (nDNA) inhibitor. Zn(BQTC) causes severe damage to the mtDNA and nDNA, sequentially disruptes mitochondrial and nuclear functions. Zn(BQTC) promotes the DNA damage-induced apoptotic signaling pathway. Zn(BQTC) has selectively antiproliferative activity against A549R cells. Zn(BQTC) can be used for researching anticancer.

Nogalamycin is an anthracyclinone antibiotic. Nogalamycin is a potent antibiotic against Gram-positive bacteria, also has cytotoxicity against certain tumor cells. Nogalamycin is produced by Streptomyces nogalater var. Nogalater. Nogalamycin selectively inhibits RNA synthesis after binding to DNA template. Nogalamycin can be used for researching anticancer.

Branaplam (LMI070; NVS-SM1) hydrochloride is a highly potent, selective and orally active survival motor neuron-2 (SMN2) splicing modulator with an EC50 of 20 nM for SMN. Branaplam hydrochloride inhibits human-ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG) with an IC50 of 6.3 μM. Branaplam hydrochloride elevates full-length SMN protein and extends survival in a severe spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) mouse model.

Pencitabine (Pen) is an orally active anticancer agent. Pencitabine interferes with DNA synthesis and function by inhibiting multiple nucleotide-metabolizing enzymes and by misincorporation into DNA.

UIAA-II-232 (compound 19b) is a potent DNA gyrase catalytic inhibitor with an IC50 value of 3.5 µM.

DPQ is a potent PARP-1 inhibitor. DPQ can reduce the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA)-induced PARP activation, restoring ATP to near control levels and significantly attenuating neuronal injury in the severe NMDA exposure model. DPQ can be used for researching neuroprotection.

SK-575-NEG (compound 28), a methylation counterpart of SK-575, is synthesized by methylation of the amino group of piperidine-2,6-dione in SK-575 as an control compound. SK-575-NEG is strongly bound to PARP1, with an IC50 of 2.64 nM. SK-575-NEG was completely ineffective in inducing PARP1 degradation in MDA-MB-436 and Capan-1 cells at concentrations up to 1 μM.

SDOX is the Doxorubicin (DOX) prodrug. The loaded DOX prodrugs (SDOX) which can release the parent drugs DOX triggered by excessive GSH in tumor cells, minimize the unexpected side effects on normal tissues without compromising the potency.

Berberine sulfate is an alkaloid isolated from the Chinese herbal medicine Huanglian, as an antibiotic. Berberine sulfate induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and inhibits DNA topoisomerase. Berberine sulfate has antineoplastic properties.

LEB-03-146 is a WEE1 DUBTAC (deubiquitinase-targeting chimera) linking AZD1775 (Adavosertib) to the OTUB1 recruiter EN523 through a PEG2 linker. LEB-03-146 shows significant WEE1 stabilization in HEP3B hepatoma cancer cells.

Methotrexate (Amethopterin) monohydrate, an antimetabolite and antifolate agent, inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, thereby preventing the conversion of folic acid into tetrahydrofolate, and inhibiting DNA synthesis. Methotrexate monohydrate, also an immunosuppressant and antineoplastic agent, is used for the research of rheumatoid arthritis and a number of different cancers (such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia).

ddCTP trisodium is one of 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphates (ddNTPs) that acts as chain-elongating inhibitor of DNA polymerase for DNA sequencing. ddCTP trisodium is a nucleoside analog that targets the reverse transcriptase of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). ddCTP trisodium can be used for AIDS research.

Basroparib is a potent poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, with antineoplastic activity.

TIQ-A is a potent TNKS (poly-ART, PARP) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 24 nM for TNKS2. TIQ-A is a potential anti-ischemic agent.

WAY-624704 is a novel Rho kinases (ROCK) inhibitor with an Ki of 17 nM.

Mitoxantrone diacetate is a potent topoisomerase II inhibitor. Mitoxantrone diacetate also inhibits protein kinase C (PKC) activity with an IC50 of 8.5 μM. Mitoxantrone diacetate induces apoptosis of B-CLL (B-chronic lymphocytic leukaemia) cells. Mitoxantrone diacetate shows antitumor activity.

Topotecan hydrochloride hydrate is an orally active and potent Topoisomerase I inhibitor. Topotecan hydrochloride hydrate induces cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 and S phases and promotes apoptosis. Topotecan hydrochloride hydrate shows anticancer activity.

Dalpiciclib (SHR-6390) hydrochloride is an orally active and highly selective inhibitor of CDK4 and 6 with IC50 values of 12.4 nM and 9.9 nM, respectively. Dalpiciclib hydrochloride shows antitumor activity against breast cancer and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Samuraciclib (CT7001) hydrochloride hydrate is a potent, selective, ATP-competitive and orally active CDK7 inhibitor, with an IC50 of 41 nM. Samuraciclib hydrochloride hydrate displays 45-, 15-, 230- and 30-fold selectivity over CDK1, CDK2 (IC50 of 578 nM), CDK5 and CDK9, respectively. Samuraciclib hydrochloride hydrate inhibits the growth of breast cancer cell lines with GI50 values between 0.2-0.3 µM. Samuraciclib hydrochloride hydrate has anti-tumor effects.

FN-1501 is a potent inhibitor of Fms-like receptor tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK), with IC50s of 2.47, 0.85, 1.96, and 0.28 nM for CDK2/cyclin A, CDK4/cyclin D1, CDK6/cyclin D1 and FLT3, respectively.

Pemetrexed disodium heptahydrate is a novel antifolate, the Ki values of the pentaglutamate of LY231514 are 1.3, 7.2, and 65 nM for inhibits thymidylate synthase (TS), dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), and glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (GARFT), respectively.

Trimetrexate glucuronate (NSC 352122) is a folic acid antagonist. Trimetrexate glucuronate affects DNA and RNA synthesis by inhibiting dihydrofolate reductase and preventing the synthesis of purine nucleotides and thymidylate. Trimetrexate glucuronate has potential anti-tumour activity.

(rel)-Oxaliplatin is a DNA synthesis inhibitor. (rel)-Oxaliplatin causes DNA crosslinking damage, prevents DNA replication and transcription and induces apoptosis. (rel)-Oxaliplatin can be used for cancer research.

5-Methylcytidine 5′-triphosphate (5-Methyl-CTP) is a modified nucleoside triphosphates. 5-Methylcytidine 5′-triphosphate can apply in replacing unmodified mRNA, resulting in the increase of translational properties and stability, as well as the reduction of innate immune responses in human and other mammalian cells.

ddGTP (2′,3′-Dideoxyguanosine 5′-triphosphate) trisodium is one of 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphates (ddNTPs) that acts as chain-elongating inhibitor of DNA polymerase for DNA sequencing. ddGTP trisodium acts as an inhibitor or a substrate for DNA polymerase α.

M7G(3'-OMe-5')pppA(2'-OMe) is a cap analogue for mRNA synthesis in vitro.

PCLX-001 is an orally acitve, small-molecule, dual N-myristoyltransferase (NMT) inhibitor, with IC50s of 5 nM (NMT1) and 8 nM (NMT2), respectively.

Plogosertib (CYC140) is a selective, potent, and orally active ATP-competitive PLK1 inhibitor (IC50: 3 nM). Plogosertib is an anti-cancer agent with anti-proliferative activity. Plogosertib can be used in the research of several tumors, including esophageal, gastric, leukemia, non–small cell lung cancer, ovarian, and squamous cell cancers.

Daunorubicin (Daunomycin) citrate is a topoisomerase II inhibitor with potent anti-tumor activity. Daunorubicin citrate inhibits DNA and RNA synthesis. Daunorubicin citrate is a cytotoxin that inhibits cancer cell viability and induces apoptosis and necrosis. Daunorubicin citrate is also an anthracycline antibiotic. Daunorubicin citrate can be used in the research of infection and variety of cancers, including leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphomas, Ewing's sarcoma, Wilms' tumor.

Pixantrone (BBR 2778 (free base)) hydrochloride, a mitoxantrone analog, is a topoisomerase II inhibitor and DNA intercalator, with anti-tumor activity.

TP0480066 is a selective topoisomerase II inhibitor with IC50s of 1.10 and 62.89 nM for DNA gyrase and topo IV, respectively. TP0480066 shows good activity of againsting various bacterial species including drug-resistant strains. TP0480066 also exhibits potent inhibitory activity to N. gonorrhoeae, can be used in study of gonorrhea.

Palbociclib (PD 0332991) orotate is an orally active selective CDK4 and CDK6 inhibitor with IC50 values of 11 and 16 nM, respectively. Palbociclib orotate has potent anti-proliferative activity and induces cell cycle arrest in cancer cells. Palbociclib orotate can be used in the research of HR-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma.

PROTAC CDK12/13 Degrader-1 (7f) is a highly selective cell cycle protein-dependent kinase CDK12/CDK13 dual degrader with the DC50 values of 2.2 nM and 2.1 nM, respectively. PROTAC CDK12/13 Degrader-1 has anti-proliferative activity and can be used in breast cancer research.

Ulecaciclib is an orally activitive inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK), with Ki values of 0.62 μM (CDK2/Cyclin A), 0.2 nM (CDK4/Cyclin D1), 3 nM (CDK6/Cyclin D3), and 0.63 μM (CDK7/Cyclin H), respectively. Ulecaciclib can cross blood brain barrier and has good pharmacokinetic characteristics.

Duocarmycin analog-2 is a potent DNA alkylating agent. Duocarmycin analog-2 can be used of synthetic immunoconjugate. Duocarmycin analog-2 has antitumor activity.

Fludarabine triphosphate (F-ara-ATP) trisodium, the active metabolite of Fludarabine, is a potent, noncompetitive and specific inhibitor of DNA primase, with an IC50 of 2.3 μM and a Ki of 6.1 μM. Fludarabine triphosphate trisodium inhibits DNA synthesis by blocking DNA primase and primer RNA formation. Fludarabine triphosphate trisodium inhibits ribonucleotide reductase and DNA polymerase and ultimately leads to cellular apoptosis.

2'-O,4'-C-Methyleneadenosine (LNA-A) is a locked nucleic acid (LNA) and is also an adenosine analog.

Fasudil (HA-1077; AT877) hydrochloride semihydrate is a nonspecific RhoA/ROCK inhibitor and also has inhibitory effect on protein kinases, with an Ki of 0.33 μM for ROCK1, IC50s of 0.158 μM and 4.58 μM, 12.30 μM, 1.650 μM for ROCK2 and PKA, PKC, PKG, respectively. Fasudil hydrochloride semihydrate is also a potent Ca2+ channel antagonist and vasodilator.

SPHINX is a selective SRPK1 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.58 μM. SPHINX effectively reduces Choroidal Neovascularization (CNV) in vivo. SPHINX can be used for the research of (age-related macular degenaration) AMD.

Pomalidomide-C3-adavosertib is a rapid and selective Wee1 degrader (IC50=3.58 nM). Pomalidomide-C3-adavosertib shows anti-cancer cell proliferation activity, and induces apoptosis.

SOP1812 is a naphthalene diimide (ND) derivative with anti-tumor activity. SOP1812 binds to quadruplex arrangements (G4s), and down-regulates several cancer gene pathways. SOP1812 shows great affinity to hTERT G4 and HuTel21 G4 with KD values of 4.9 and 28.4 nM, respectively. SOP1812 can be used for the research of cancer.

DSS30 is a P25/CDK5 inhibitor that reduces β-amyloid (Aβ) secretion by inhibiting amyloid precursor protein lyase 1 (BACEl) phosphorylation. DSS30 can be used in the study of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease.

CP681301 is a potent CDK5 inhibitor. CP681301 shows antiproliferative activity. CP681301 decreases the expression of CD133, OLIG2, SOX2, KI67, pCDK5 protein level in GSCs (Glioma stem cells). CP681301 reduces self-renewal in mouse glioma xenografts. CP681301 shows anti-tumor activity in Drosophila.

ZLMT-12 (compound 35), tacrine derivatives, is a potent, orally active CDK2/9 inhibitor with IC50 values of 0.002 and 0.011 μM for CDK9 and CDK2, respectively. ZLMT-12 has a weak inhibitory effect on AChE (IC50=19.023 μM) and BChE (IC50=2.768 μM). ZLMT-12 has low toxicity and antiproliferative activity. ZLMT-12 induces apoptosis and arrests the cell cycle in the S phase and G2/M phase.

Cimpuciclib tosylate is a selective CDK4 inhibitor (IC50: 0.49 nM) that has anti-tumor activity.

AZ13705339 hemihydrate is a highly potent and selective PAK1 inhibitor with IC50s of 0.33 nM and 59 nM for PAK1 and pPAK1, respectively. AZ13705339 hemihydrate has binding affinities to PAK1 and PAK2, with Kds of 0.28 nM and 0.32 nM, respectively. AZ13705339 hemihydrate can be used in the research of cancers.

Edatrexate (CGP 30694), as known as 10-Ethyl-10-deazaaminopterin, is Methotrexate analog, exhibits antitumor activity against MTX-resistant tumors. Edatrexate is an antifolate antimetabolite, can be used for reasearch of non-small-cell lung cancer, breast cancer, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and cancer of the head and neck.

LP-284 is a potent DNA alkylating agent that kills solid tumours. LP-284 can be used in the studies of hematologic cancers with compromised DNA repair, such as mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).

Prednimustine (Leo 1031;NSC 134087) is the ester formed from Prednisolone and Chlorambucil. Prednimustine can be used for leukemias and lymphomas research.

Ranimustine (MCNU) is a nitrosourea alkylating agent, can be used for research of chronic myelogenous leukemia and polycythemia vera.

L82 is a selective and uncompetitive DNA ligase 1 (DNA Lig1) inhibitor (hLig1 IC50=12 μM). L82 shows anti-proliferative activity to breast cancer cells.

RP-6685 is a potent, selective and orally active DNA polymerase theta (Polθ) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 5.8 nM (PicoGreen assay). RP-6685 shows antitumor efficacy in mouse tumor xenograft model.

Trenimon is a compound with anti-cancer effects. Trenimon shows mutagenic actions in many species by inducing point and chromosomal mutations, sister-chromatid exchanges, recombination phenomena and phage induction. Trenimon can be used for the research of cancer.

Zorubicin (Rubidazon) is a derivative of Daunorubicin. Zorubicin interacts with topoisomerase II and inhibits DNA polymerases. Zorubicin can be used for the research of acute leukemias and sarcomas.

Chrexanthomycin C is an orally active marine natural product with remarkable bioactivities. Chrexanthomycin C has binding affinity for DNA (G4C2)4 G4 with a Kd value of 2.8 mM. Chrexanthomycin C can be used for the research of neurodegenerative disease such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

L-Cytidine is an L-configurational form of Cytidine. L-Cytidine is a pyrimidine nucleoside, a component of RNA. Cytidine can control the glial glutamate cycle, affect brain phospholipid metabolism, catecholamine synthesis and mitochondrial function.

Picolinamide (2-Picolinamide) is an inhibitor of Poly(ADP-ribose) synthetase of nuclei from rat pancreatic islet cells.