Cidofovir(Vistide)

Cas No.:	113852-37-2
Chemical Name:	(S)-(3-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-1-hydroxypropan-2-yloxy)methylphosphonic acid
Synonyms:	Vistide
SMILES:	O=C1N(C=CC(N)=N1)C[C@@H](CO)OCP(O)(O)=O
Formula:	C8H14N3O6P
M.Wt:	279.19
Sotrage:	2 years -20°C Powder, 2 weeks 4°C in DMSO, 6 months -80°C in DMSO

Description:	Cidofovir is an anti-CMV drug which can suppress CMV replication by selective inhibition of viral DNA polymerase and therefore prevention of viral replication and transcription.
In Vivo:	Levels of cidofovirin serum following intravenous infusion were dose proportional over the dose range of 1.0 to 10.0 mg/kg of body weight and declined biexponentially with an overall mean +/- standard deviation terminal half-life of 2.6 +/- 1.2 h (n = 25). Approximately 90% of the intravenous dose was recovered unchanged in the urine in 24 h. The overall mean +/- standard deviation total clearance of the drug from serum (148 +/- 25 ml/h/kg; n = 25) approximated renal clearance (129 +/- 42 ml/h/kg; n = 25), which was significantly higher (P < 0.001) than the baseline creatinine clearance in the same patients (83 +/- 21 ml/h/kg; n = 12) [3]. Positive CMV urine cultures reverted to negative in 2 of 8 patients receiving doses of < or = 1.5 mg/kg twice weekly and 11 of 13 patients receiving higher doses. Cidofovir has in vivo anti-CMV activity demonstrated by prolonged clearing of CMV viruria, although this observation is tempered by the fact that clearance of viremia could not be demonstrated [4].Toxicity: Patients receiving 0.5 or 1.5 mg/kg twice weekly experienced no serious toxicity. The first two patients who received 5 mg/kg twice weekly developed glycosuria and 2+ proteinuria. Subsequent patients received concomitant probenecid to attempt to ameliorate renal toxicity [4].Clinical trial: FDA approved drug
In Vitro:	The minimum concentrations of (S)-HPMPC required to inhibit CMV plaque formation by 50% was microgram/ml. The selectivity indices of (S)-HPMPC, as determined by the ratio of the 50% inhibitory concentration for cell growth to the 50% inhibitory concentration for plaque formation for CMV (AD-169 strain), was 1,500 [1]. The time course of uptake of HPMPC into Vero cells was linear between 10 and 75 min and proportional to the concentration in the medium from 10(-6) to 10(-2) M. HPMPC uptake was temperature sensitive and the rate of uptake was considerably lower at 27 degrees than at 37 degrees and almost totally inhibited at 4 degrees [2].