Nitrilotriacetic acid is a chelating agent. It is also used as a complexing agent, metal masking agent.

Strophanthin inhibits free-radical oxidation of o-dianisidine via binding to the enzyme-substrate complex, preventing the generation of a stable semi-oxidized product of o-dianisidine, and thus inhibiting the enzyme by the anticompetitive mechanism. Mechanisms of oxidation of slowly and rapidly oxidizable substrates of peroxidase in the presence of strophanthin G are suggested.

Heptelidic acid is an esquiterpene lactone produced by the fungus T. koningii with antibiotic activity against anaerobic bacteria such as Bacteroides. It acts as an irreversible inhibitor of GAPDH that binds to the cysteine-149 residue at the active site of the enzyme.

Endosulfan is an insecticide to protect cotton, sugarcane, and vegetable crops.

Coprosterol is a stanol formed from the biohydrogenation of cholesterol as a biomarker for the presence of human faecal matter in the environment.

Piroctone olamine is an ethanolamine salt of the hydroxamic acid derivative piroctone used to treat fungal infections.

Nonoxynols is used as detergents, emulsifiers, wetting agents, defoaming agents, etc. Nonoxynol-9, the compound with 9 repeating ethoxy groups, is a spermatocide, formulated primarily as a component of vaginal foams and creams.

Cotarnine chloride is a oxidative degradation product of the drug Noscapine.

Tri(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate is an inhibitor of drug-protein binding and present in stoppers of blood sample 'vacutainers'.

Dicyclohexyl phthalate is a white granular solid. It is used as a plasticizer to modify the properties of synthetic resins, in alkyd resins and cellulose nitrate to increase their stability to light and weathering, and to improve the chemical and physical properties of plastics by preventing creep.

Zaldaride maleate is an intestinal calmodulin inhibitor which has been shown to decrease the severity and duration of travelers' diarrhea and research suggests that calmodulin and intracellular calcium may serve as mediators of diarrhea in bacterial enteric infection.

4-Hydroxyquinoline is a quinolone compound which forms the core moiety of antibacterials.

alpha-Naphthylacetic acid is a rooting agent and plant hormone in the auxin family. It is an ingredient in many commercial plant rooting horticultural products.

Chlorendic acid is a chemical intermediate used in the preparation of fire-retardant polyester resins and plasticizers.

Isethionic acid is a major metabolite in F. cylindrus. It is a organosulfur compound containing a short chain alkane sulfonate linked to a hydroxyl group. It is a water-soluble liquid used in the manufacture of mild, biodegradable, and high-foaming anionic surfactants.

Senecioic acid is a crystalline unsaturated fatty acid found in the pheromones of mealybug species.

Dicamba is a chlorinated organic herbicide. It is used to selectively control broadleaf weeds.

Metanilic acid is an anti-cancer drug used to treat several malignancies including pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia and choriocarcinoma.

Arsanilic acid is an organoarsenic compound and has been used as feed additives. Studies have shown that arsanilic acid causes apoptosis and oxidative stress in rat kidney epithelial cells through activation of the caspase-9 and -3 signaling pathway, providing a novel insight into molecular mechanisms by which arsanilic acid has adverse cytotoxicity on renal tubular epithelial cells.

Sulfamic acid is used as an acidic cleaning agent typically for metals and ceramics. It is frequently used for removing rust and limescale.

Bromoacetic acid is used for organic synthesis and as an alkylating agent.

Benzenearsonic acid is a buffering agent and is used as a precursor of other organoarsenic compounds.

Chloroacetic acid is a chlorinated analog of acetic acid. It induces neuronal cells death through oxidative stress-mediated p38-MAPK activation pathway.

Citrazinic acid inhibits 3-dehydroquinate dehydratase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Citraconic acid is a dicarboxylic acid consisting of maleic acid having a methyl substituent at the 2-position.

Dichloroacetic acid inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase. It stems the production of lactic acid to treat lactic acidosis. It treats lactic acidosis in children.

Benzeneboronic acid is a boronic acid that is used in Mizoroki-Heck and Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions.

Hydroxyacetic acid is a dermatologic agent. It has also been used as a plant-tissue based biosensor and chemiluminescence flow sensor.

Glyoxylic acid is used in the Hopkins Cole reaction, which detects tryptophan in proteins. It reacts with phenol to make 4-hydroxymandelic acid, which on further reaction with ammonia gives hydroxyphenylglycine, as a precursor to the drug amoxicillin.

Perfluorobutyric acid is an ion pair reagent for reverse-phase HPLC. It is used in the sequencing, synthesis, and solubilizing of proteins and peptides.

Isophthalic acid is an intermediate for high performance unsaturated polyesters, resins for coatings, high solids paints, gel coats and modifier of polyethylene terephthalate for bottles.

Isovaleric acid is the primary cause of the flavors added to wine caused by Brettanomyces yeasts.

Iodoacetic acid is a reagent for the modification of sulfhydryl groups. It reacts with cysteine moiety in proteins to prevent the re-formation of disulfide bonds during protein sequencing.

Cacodylic acid is an arsenical that has been used as a dermatologic agent and as an herbicide.

Cyanuric acid is a chlorine stabilizer. It is a precursor to N-chlorinated cyanurates, which are used to disinfect water and crosslink agents for polyurethane resins.

Octanoic acid is an antimicrobial pesticide used as a food contact surface sanitizer.

Cyanoacetic acid is used to produce vitamin B6 and caffeine. It is instrumental in making dyes, agricultural chemicals, and in the synthesis of phenylacetic acid esters

Crotonic acid is a GABA analogue that inhibits GLIC function. It is used in the copolymerization of crotonic acid hydrogel systems by using gamma-rays.

Mercaptoacetic acid is a protecting agent for tryptophan in amino acid analysis and indicator of acidicty. It is an intermediate in the chemical reactions such as addition, elimination and cyclization. It acts as a precursor to ammonium thioglycolate, sodium thioglycolate and calcium thioglycolate.

Methanesulfonic acid is an insect repellant. It is a strong acid widely used as a catalyst (esterification, alkylation, etc.).

Methacrylic acid is an organic compound that prepares polymers. It is a precursor for the preparation of methyl methacrylate, N-substituted methacryl amides, methacrylamide, N-substituted methacryl amides and acryloyl chloride.

Mucochloric acid is an organic compound that consists of a dibrominated alkene with aldehyde and carboxylic acid functional groups. It is a bacterial mutagen and genotoxic compound.

Butyric acid is a flavor and fragrance agent.

Mesaconic acid is used as a fire retardant, as recent studies revealed this acid is a competitive inhibitor of fumarate reduction.

2-Iodobenzoic acid is an organic compound and the impact-sensitive intermediate in the synthesis of the Dess-Martin periodinane.

Oxanilic acid is the mono-amide of oxalic acid and aniline.

4-Nitrobenzoic acid is an intermediate for bulk drugs especially in the manufacturing of folic acid and in the manufacturing of PABA, DABA & dye intermediate.

Propionic acid serves as a preservative for animal feed and food for human consumption. It is a intermediate in the production of polymers including cellulose-acetate-propionate, artificial flavorings, agrochemicals and in bleaching agents

Peracetic acid functions as a strong oxidizing agent. It has an acrid odor and is used as a disinfectant.

SM04554 is a topical Wnt pathway activator for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia (AGA).

m6A, also known as N6-Methyladenosine, and 6-Methylaminopurinosine, is an endogenous urinary nucleoside product of the degradation of transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA).

Monomethyl Fumarate is an anti-inflammatory biochemical.

DPNB-ABT594 is a caged ABT594, and a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist.

(+/-)-Salsolinol hydrochloride is a full Gi protein agonist of the μ-opioid receptor (μOR).

Potent glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) inhibitor (Ki = 0.6 nM for GSK-3α and GSK-3β). Displays high selectivity (> 50-fold) for GSK-3 over a panel of other kinases tested, including CDK family members. Decreases phosphorylation of microtubule-associated protein Tau in vitro; protects rat primary cortical neurons against β amyloid and glutamate challenge. Brain penetrant.

BDP FL NHS ester is an advanced dye for 488 nm channel, a replacement for fluorescein, a molecule identical to BODIPY FL? NHS ester. An amino-reactive dye for the labeling of proteins and peptides. The dye is neutral, possesses low molecular weight, and retains high quantum yield in conjugates. The dye is a good replacement for fluorescein (FAM), BODIPY-FL, Alexa Fluor 488, DyLight 488, Cy2, and other 488 nm dyes.

BDP R6G NHS ester is an amine-reactive borondipyrromethene dye (an analog of BODIPY? R6G NHS ester) that has absorption and emission spectra similar to R6G. BDP R6G is a bright and photostable dye that exhibits long living fluorescence that has little pH dependence. Due to the long fluorescence lifetime, this dye is useful for fluorescence polarization assays, and for two-photon experiments.

BDP TMR is a borondipyrromethene dye, analog of BODIPY? TMR. This is an amine-reactive NHS ester for the labeling of proteins, peptides, and other molecules with amino groups.

BDP TR is a bright and photostable borondipyrromethene dye, which is especially suitable for microscopy applications. The dye has a long excited state lifetime, and is therefore is useful for fluorescence polarization assays. Its large two-photon cross section makes this dye useful for two-photon spectroscopy. This NHS ester is an amine-reactive form of the dye.

BDP TR is a borondipyrromethene dye which has absorption and emission wavelengths close to Texas Red (ROX) dye. The fluorophore is bright, moderately hydrophobic, and has low molecular weight. An extra linker based on aminocaproic acid (C6) provide better separation between the dye, and the biomolecule. The NHS ester function can be used for the conjugation with proteins, peptides, and other molecules possessing amine group.

Blue emitting Coumarin 343 dye can form a FRET pair with fluorescein (FAM). An amine reactive form, activated NHS ester. This amine-reactive NHS ester contains an aminohexanoyl linker between the fluorophore, and the reactive group. This linker provides better solubility and spatial separation between the fluorophore, and the target molecule being labeled.

Cyanine3 NHS ester is a reactive dye for the labeling of amino-groups in biomolecules, an analog of Cy3? NHS ester. This reagent is ideal for the labeling of soluble proteins, peptides, and oligonucleotides/DNA. For delicate proteins consider using water-soluble sulfo-Cyanine3 NHS ester which does not require use of any co-solvent. Cyanine3 NHS ester is a replacement for NHS esters of Cy3?, Alexa Fluor 546, and DyLight 549.

This Cyanine5 NHS ester, also known as Cy5 NHS ester, is a reactive dye for the labeling of amino-groups in peptides, proteins, and oligonucleotides. This dye requires a small amount of organic co-solvent to be used in labeling reactions. This reagent is ideal for very cost-efficient labeling of soluble proteins as well as all kinds of peptides and oligonucleotides. This reagent also works well in organic solvents for small molecule labeling.

The structure of Cyanine7 features rigidized design of central polymethyne chain. This molecular reinforcement allows to increase quantum yield by 20% compared with parent structure, increasing fluorescence brightness. NIR fluorophores can be used to take advantage of near infrared window of biological tissues - increased transparency of tissues in this spectral region allows to carry out in vivo imaging. This reagent can be utilized to produce Cyanine7-labeled biomolecules for subsequent use in various in vivo research, and drug design related experiments.

This product is a derivative of pure 5-carboxy-ROX.5-Carboxy-X-rhodamine N-succinimidyl ester (ROX-SE) is used as an amine coupling reagent to form 5-carboxy-X-rhodamine (ROX) derivatized compounds such as proteins, nucleic acids and drugs that may be analyzed by fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) and fluorescence quenching applications.Labeling reagent for preparation of charge-modified dye-labeled ddNTPs to "direct-load" DNA sequencing

Water soluble, amino-reactive sulfo-Cyanine3 NHS ester. Efficiently labels proteins and peptides in purely aqueous solution, without need for organic co-solvent. Ideal for proteins with low solubility, and proteins prone to denaturation.This product is an analog of Cy3 NHS ester. Sulfo-Cyanine3 NHS ester replaces Cy3, Alexa Fluor 546, and DyLight 549 for all applications.

Sulfo-Cyanine 5 NHS Ester is a water soluble amine reactive red emitting fluorescent dye.Used for the labeling of various amine containing molecules in aqueous phase without use of any organic co-solvent. Useful for the labeling of proteins which denature in the presence of organic co-solvents, as well as for proteins with low solubility.

Sulfo-Cyanine7 is an improved analog of Cy7 fluorophore with higher quantum yield and photostability. This fluorescent dye is especially useful for NIR imaging. Sulfo-Cyanine7 NHS ester reagent allows to prepare sulfo-Cyanine7-labeled biomolecules, such as proteins, with ease. Dye labeled molecules can be subsequently used for various research and drug design related experiments.

BDP 558/568 azide is a borondipyrromethene dye with azide functional group for Click chemistry. Its spectra are close to Cyanine3 channel. The fluorophore has been used for lipid tracking as BDP 558/568 C12, but azide functional groups allow easy conjugation with a wide variety of other molecules of interest.

BDP 581/591 is a bright and versatile fluorophore. It has a high brightness, significant two photon cross-section, and relatively long fluorescence lifetime. The dye reacts with reactive oxygen species (ROS) with the change of its fluorescence. It can be therefore used for intracellular monitoring of ROS. It can be used for the conjugation with both small molecules and biomolecules to construct tracers for fluorescence polarization assays and microscopy probes.

BDP 630/650 azide is a bright and photostable dye azide for the far red region of the spectrum, for labeling using Click chemistry. This dye possesses a relatively long lifetime of the excited state, and can therefore be used for fluorescence polarization experiments.

BDP 650/665 is a bright red emitting borondipyrromethene dye, compatible with Cy5 channel found on many instruments. This is azide derivative of BDP 650/665. It can be conjugated with terminal alkynes via copper catalyzed reaction, or with cycloalkynes via copper-free Click chemistry.

BDP FL azide is an analog of BODIPY FL azide, a Click-chemistry capable bright and photostable dye for FAM channel. This green-emitting fluorophore is compatible with all types of fluorescence measuring instruments for FAM (fluorescein) and dyes like Alexa Fluor 488. The fluorophore is a representative of borondipyrromethene class of fluorescent dyes, which possess high quantum yields in aqueous environments, and high stability towards photobleaching

Pyrene is one of the simplest polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Pyrene derivatives are known for their ability to intercalate dsDNA. Pyrene possesses intrinsic fluorescence. When two pyrene residues are located in close proximity, excimer formation can be observed by fluorescence spectroscopy. Pyrene has been therefore used to probe structures of biomolecules. Ethynylpyrene molecule contains terminal triple bond fragment for Click Chemistry, as well as other coupling reactions such as Sonogashira coupling.

Perylene is PAH (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon) containing five fused rings. Planarity of this molecule gives rise to its ruggedness, low solubility of its derivatives, as well as its outstanding fluorescence. Perylene possesses intense green fluorescence, great photostability, and quantum yield approaching unity. This makes this PAH one of the most promising blocks for the design of new molecular probes, functional materials, and molecular devices

BDP 558/568 is a borondipyrromethene dye for Cyanine3 channel. The dye possesses high quantum yield. This derivative is a terminal alkyne for Copper-catalyzed Click chemistry.

BDP 581/591 is a borondipyrromethene fluorophore that is moderately hydrophobic. It is useful for fluorescence polarization assays, and microscopy. Due to its significant two photon absorption cross section, the dye is also useful for two photon experiments. This is a terminal alkyne for copper-catalyzed Click chemistry.

BDP 630/650 is a red emitting fluorophore matching the Cyanine5 channel. The dye is useful for fluorescence polarization assays. It is also remarkably photostable. The terminal alkyne group can be conjugated with various azides by copper catalyzed Click chemistry.

BDP 650/665 is a bright borondipyrromethene dye designed to fit Cy5 channel of various instruments. The terminal ethynyl group of BDP 650/665 alkyne can be easily conjugated with various azides using a copper-catalyzed Click chemistry reaction.

Alkyne derivative of BDP FL, an analog of BODIPY? FL alkyne. BDP FL is a borondipyrromethene dye, a bright and photostable fluorophore which emits in fluorescein (FAM) channel. Unlike FAM, BDP FL is very photostable. Its brightness is similar to fluorescein. This alkyne can be conjugated with a number of azide-containing molecules by copper-catalyzed Click Chemistry

BDP R6G is a bright and photostable dye whose absorption and emission spectra are similar to R6G (rhodamine 6G). Unlike R6G that is a xanthene dye, BDP R6G belongs to the borondipyrromethene class. This is a terminal alkyne for copper-catalyzed Click chemistry.

BDP TMR is a fluorophore for TAMRA channel. Due to high quantum yield, it is much brighter than TAMRA. This alkyne dye can be conjugated with azides by copper-catalyzed Click Chemistry reaction.

BDP TR is a borondipyrromethene fluorophore for ROX (Texas Red) channel. This is a universal fluorophore that can be used for microscopy, fluorescence polarization assay, and other applications. This derivative is a terminal alkyne for copper-catalyzed Click chemistry.

Cyanine3 alkyne is a fluorophore ready for the use in Click Chemistry reaction. With this reagent, bright and photostable. Cyanine3 reporter, an analog of Cy3, can be attached to nearly any molecule bearing azide group. This alkyne is non water-soluble. However, when used with organic co-solvent (DMSO or DMF), this dye can be efficiently attached to water-soluble molecules such as proteins, or peptides.

Cyanine5 alkyne for Click Chemistry, an analog of Cy5 alkyne. With this product, deeply colored, and photostable Cyanine5 fluorophore can be attached to various molecules via Click Chemistry reaction with azides. This alkyne is non-water soluble, but it can be dissolved in DMF or DMSO prior to reaction, and added to aqueous reaction mixture. With our labeling protocol, the labeling reaction is very efficient, and high-yielding. Various substrates bearing azides can be used for the labeling, including azido-labeled biomolecules, polymers, and solid surfaces.

Far red / near infrared dye alkyne for Click Chemistry labeling. Cyanine5.5 is an analog of Cy5.5, a popular fluorophore which has been widely used for various applications including intact organism imaging. This reagent can be conjugated with azido groups under mild copper catalyzed Click Chemistry conditions. This reagent is soluble in organic solvents, but mixtures of water with small percent of DMSO can be used for efficient conjugation. Cyanine5.5 alkyne can also be used for the labeling of small molecules with this far red/NIR dye.

Alkyne derivative of Cyanine7, a near infrared fluorophore, analog of Cy7?. The alkyne can be conjugated to a variety of azides via copper-catalyzed Click chemistry. The dye has limited solubility in water, but it can be successfully conjugated in aqueous buffers with the addition of DMSO or DMF.

Alkyne derivative of Cyanine7.5, a near infrared fluorophore. This alkyne is suitable for copper-catalyzed Click Chemistry. This fluorophore is useful for in vivo imaging, its spectral properties are similar to ICG (indocyanine green) with somewhat higher fluorescence quantum yield.

FAM (fluorescein) alkyne for copper-catalyzed Click chemistry, high purity (97+%) 5-isomer

Alkyne derivative of FAM (fluorescein) fluorophore for Click Chemistry. Pure (97+%) single 6-isomer. Fluorescein is a bright fluorophore which is compatible with a number of different fluorescent instruments.

With its quantum yield approaching unity, ROX has become a popular dye for qPCR and microscopy. This bright fluorophore is available as an alkyne for copper-catalyzed Click chemistry reaction. This is a pure 5-isomer of ROX. ROX is prone to oxidation. Therefore, its derivatives should be preferably stored in inert atmosphere.

A water soluble alkyne dye for copper catalyzed Click Chemistry, an analog of Cy3? alkyne. Sulfo-Cyanine3 is a fluorophore which is compatible with a wide range of fluorescent scanners, imagers, microscopes, and other instrumentation. It is a bright and photostable dye, which is also easily detected in gels by naked eye in low amounts (<1 nmol).

Water soluble reagent with alkyne group for Click Chemistry. Sulfo-Cyanine5 is a sulfonated dye, which possesses high hydrophilicity and aqueous solubility, exceptionally high extinction coefficient, good quantum yield, and compatibility with many instruments. This reagent is recommended for the conjugation with proteins, nanoparticles, and other applications where hydrophilicity is important.

Sulfo-Cyanine5.5 is a far red emitting fluorophore. It contains four sulfo groups, which provide great hydrophilicity, and aqueous solubility. The reagent can be conjugated with a variety of azides by means of copper catalyzed Click chemistry reaction.

Sulfo-Cyanine7 alkyne is a sulfonated terminal alkyne for copper-catalyzed Click chemistry reaction, which possesses significant aqueous solubility, and can be conjugated with azides in aqueous environment.

Sulfo-Cyanine7.5 is a near infrared, sulfonated cyanine dye with rigidized trimethylene chain. The fluorophore is structurally very similar to indocyanine green (ICG) dye that has been approved for human use. However, the dye has an improved quantum yield because of its rigidized structure. This is an alkyne derivative for copper catalyzed Click chemistry.

TAMRA alkyne for Click chemistry, pure 5-isomer. TAMRA (TMR, tetramethylrhodamine) is a xanthene dye. It forms a FRET pair with fluorescein. This alkyne is suitable for Copper-catalyzed Click chemistry (CuAAC).

Tetramethylrhodamine (TAMRA) alkyne, pure 6-isomer. TAMRA is a popular dye that is used in qPCR and other applications. It forms a FRET pair with FAM (serving as an acceptor). This product is a terminal alkyne for copper-catalyzed Click chemistry. It can be conjugated with azide groups using CuAAc reaction.

BDP 581/591 maleimide is a thiol reactive dye for the labeling of sulfhydryl groups of proteins and peptides. The dye is useful for a variety of applications, such as microscopy, fluorescence polarization experiments, and even ROS detection (upon reaction with ROS, the dye changes its fluorescence).

BDP 630/650 is a far red emitting borondipyrromethene based fluorophore for the Cyanine5 channel. Because of its relatively long lifetime of the excited state, this dye is particularly useful for fluorescence lifetime related measurements. The reactive maleimide moiety allows to attach the dye to thiol groups in biomolecules, especially proteins and peptides.

Thiol reactive BDP FL maleimide is a reactive dye for protein labeling, which has identical structure with BODIPY FL maleimide. BDP FL is a borondipyrromethene dye which has absorption and fluorescence spectra similar to fluorescein (FAM). However, this dye exhibits very high photostability. It is non-charged, and has low molecular weight. This fluorophore is ideal for fluorescent microscopy and many other applications. The fluorophore can substitute fluorescein for almost any application, and it is compatible with any FAM-capable fluorescent instrumentation.

BDP R6G is a borondipyrromethene fluorophore whose absorption and emission spectra match those of rhodamine 6G (R6G) dye. Thiol labeling is often an option of choice for the modification of proteins. Limited number of cysteine residues in proteins allow for more site-specific labeling than NHS ester labeling of amine groups, which are encountered in large number in many proteins. This maleimide is a thiol reactive dye. Please refer to our recommended labeling protocol to achieve modification of your protein with this reagent.

BDP TMR is a bright borondipyrromethene fluorophore for the TAMRA channel. This maleimide derivative is suitable for conjuction with thiol groups as e.g. in protein side chains.

Thiol mono-reactive Cyanine3 dye. This reagent can be used to attach Cyanine3 fluorophore (an analog of Cy3?) to proteins and peptides containing cysteine residues, as well as to other thiolated molecules (such as thiol-containing oligonucleotides). Cystines should be reduced with TCEP (tris-carboxyethylphosphine) or other appropriate reductant prior to the labeling. Labeling with Cyanine3 maleimide is selective, and efficient. We recommend using water-soluble Sulfo-Cyanine3 maleimide for the labeling of antibodies and other sensitive proteins.

Cyanine5 maleimide is a mono-reactive dye which selectively couples with thiol groups (for example, with cysteines in peptides and proteins) to give labeled conjugates. Cyanine5 is an analog of Cy5?, a common fluorophore which is compatible with various instrumentation like microscopes, imagers, and fluorescence readers. For the labeling of antibodies and sensitive proteins we recommend to use the water soluble sulfo-Cyanine5 maleimide.

Cyanine5.5 maleimide is a thiol reactive dye which is capable of selective labeling of sulfhydryl groups in proteins, an analog of Cy5.5? maleimide. Near infrared emission of Cyanine5.5 makes this dye suitable for bioimaging applications. Cyanine5.5 can replace Cy5.5?, Alexa Fluor 680, and DyLight 680.

Near-infrared, sulfhydryl reactive Cyanine7 dye, an analog of Cy7? maleimide. This reagent allows to attach near infrared Cyanine7 dye to proteins with free sulfhydryl groups. Labeled proteins thus obtained are used in NIR bioimaging applications. NIR imaging systems can be used to visualize distribution of labeled proteins in tissues even in live organism.

Pyrene is a fluorescent hydrocarbon which emits in blue region. This is a maleimide derivative of pyrenebutyric acid which reacts with thiols. Pyrene is a useful proximity probe because two pyrene residues close to each other exhibit strong excimer fluorescence.

Sulfo-Cyanine3 maleimide is a water soluble, thiol reactive dye for the labeling with hydrophilic sulfo-Cyanine3 fluorophore. This is an analog of Cy3? maleimide. This product is recommended for the labeling of antibodies and other labile proteins in mild, purely aqueous conditions. The dye is water soluble and does not require use of organic co-solvent.

A water soluble, hydrophilic sulfo-Cyanine5 maleimide (Cy5? maleimide analog). We recommend this product for protein labeling, including labeling of antibodies as a perfect replacement for Cy5? maleimide. Labeled proteins can be easily separated from unreacted dye by gel filtration, spin column purification, dialysis, electrophoresis or chromatography.

Sulfo-Cyanine5.5 dye is a water soluble far red to NIR emitting dye which is very hydrophilic due to the presence of four sulfo groups. Sulfo-Cyanine5.5 derivatives exhibit high water solubility. The dye is a perfect choice for the labeling of sensitive proteins, nanoparticles, and highly hydrophylic biopolymers. This maleimide is a thiol reactive dye that selectively labels cysteine residues. Disulfide bonds of native proteins should be reduced with an appropriate reducing agent, such as TCEP, according to our recommended protocol.

A reactive dye with a maleimide group for the labeling of thiol groups of proteins and other biomolecules, an analog of Cy7? maleimide. Sulfo-Cyanine7 is a near infrared fluorophore which is hydrophilic and contains a rigidizing ring in its heptamethine chain that improves its photophysical properties. A great dye for various applications, including NIR imaging.

Maleimide derivative of TAMRA (tetramethylrhodamine) for the labeling of thiol groups. Pure 5-isomer of TAMRA.

TAMRA (aka TMR or tetramethylrhodamine) is a xanthene dye that has been used as a fluorescent label for decades. Xanthene dyes are available as two isomers (called 5- and 6-isomers) that have almost identical fluorescent properties, but need to be separated to avoid doubling and smearing of labeled product peaks or bands during chromatography or electrophoresis. This is a pure 6-isomer of TAMRA maleimide, used for the labeling of proteins and peptides via thiol (SH) groups

Sulfo-Cyanine7.5 is a near infrared fluorophore with absorption and emission ranges around 800 nm. Its spectral properties allow for the efficient leveraging of tissue NIR transparency window. The fluorophore is available as different reactive forms, this one is maleimide for the labeling of SH groups of proteins and peptides. The sulfo- version is highly hydrophilic. Such labeled biomolecules are useful in biodistribution studies and visualization in intact organisms.

BDP FL is a bright and photostable dye for FAM channel. It possesses great photostability, quantum yield approaching unity. This dye is well-suited for microscopy and fluorescence polarization assays. Hydrazide group provides easy conjugation with carbonyl compounds (aldehydes, and ketones).

Boc-protected Cyanine5 hydrazide reactive dye for the labeling of aldehydes and ketones. Boc- (tert-butoxycarbonyl) protective group can be removed with trifluoroacetic acid, or other strong acid. Reactive hydrazide is formed, which can then couple with various carbonyl groups yielding Cyanine5-labeled molecules.

Cyanine5 hydrazide is a reactive dye for the labeling of aldehydes and ketones, an analog of Cy5? hydrazide. This dye reacts smoothly and nearly quantitatively with various carbonyl groups encountered in biomolecules. Examples are proteins subjected to oxidative stress, glycosylated proteins pre-activated by periodate oxidation (including antobodies), and oligonucleotides with aldehyde moieties. Cyanine5 hydrazide replaces carbonyl-reactive Cy5?, Alexa Fluor 647, DyLight 649 dyes.

Hydrazide derivative of Cyanine7, a NIR fluorescent dye, an analog of Cy7?. This variety of heptamethine fluorophore contains a six-membered ring rigidizing the polymethine chain which allows to increase quantum yield by 20% compared to parent structure. Hydrazide reacts quickly and smoothly with aldehydes and ketones yielding stable hydrazone products. This reaction is also good for the labeling of glycoproteins after periodate oxidation.

Many natural and synthetic molecules contain aldehyde or ketone carbonyl groups. These carbonyls react with hydrazides with the formation of hydrazones. The reaction is spontaneous at pH values around neutral, and the resulting hydrazones are very stable. Compounds containing 1,2-diol function, like sugars, can be oxidized with sodium periodate with the formation of carbonyl compounds for the subsequent modification with hydrazides. This is an efficient method for the labeling of glycoproteins (like antibodies), and polysaccharides. FAM hydrazide is a hydrazide label for the attachment of fluorescein, a bright dye for 488 nm channel, to carbonyl compounds

Sulfo-Cyanine5.5 (analog of Cy5.5?) is a water-soluble, far red emitting fluorophore. Due to four sulfo-groups, the dye possesses negative charge in neutral pH, and very high hydrophilicity. As a cyanine dye, sulfo-Cyanine5.5 shows very low dependence of the fluorescence on pH, and very high extinction coefficient.

Pyrene hydrazide is a carbonyl reactive dye for the attachment of pyrene polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon residues to aldehydes and ketones. Pyrene is a blue-emitting fluorescent label which is especially useful as a proximity probe. When two pyrene residues are located close to each other, a longer-wavelength excimer fluorescence can be detected. Pyrene can also be FRET donor to other fluorophores. Its excited state possesses an unusually long lifetime of more than 100 ns, which allows to use this fluorophore in time-gated experiments.

BDP 558/568 is a universal borondipyrromethene dye with emission in the yellow region of the spectrum. This derivative is a free carboxylic acid.

BDP 581/591 is a fluorophore that can be also used for ROS detection. This is a carboxylic acid dye derivative with a free COOH group.

BDP 630/650 is a bright far red fluorophore based on borondipyrromethene scaffold. This is a carboxylic acid derivative that can be activated for the coupling with amines. It can also be used as a control in negative experiments, or when chemical attachment of the dye is not necessary.

BDP R6G is a borondipyrromethene dye, an analog of BODIPY? R6G. The fluorophore has absorption and emission spectra resembling R6G rhodamine. The carboxylic acid can be used in experiments when conjugation of the dye to other molecules is not necessary. The carboxylic acid group can also be activated for subsequent labeling reactions like Steglich esterification.

This free carboxylic acid can be used as a non-reactive control in side-by side experiments with other reactive derivatives of BDP TMR. It can also be used for Steglich esterification.

BDP TR is a bright and photostable fluorophore for ROX/Texas red channel. It is moderately hydrophobic, has relatively long lifetime of the excited state, and significant two photon cross section. This carboxylic acid derivative can be used for the labeling of alcohols by Steglich esterification, or in non-conjugated form (non-activated carboxy group can be considered inert for applications that do not require conjugation).

Coumarin 343 is a blue emitting fluorophore used as a laser dye. The fluorophore can serve as a FRET donor for FAM (fluorescein).

Free Cyanine3 carboxylic acid (Cy3? carboxylic acid analog), non-activated dye. Non-sulfonated reagent, with good solubility in organic solvents, and limited aquous solubility. The dye can be used as a non-reactive fluorophore, for control experiments, and for calibration.

Cyanine3.5 free unactivated monofunctional carboxylic acid. Can be used as a reference non-reactive dye or control. Cyanine3.5 is an analog of Cy3.5? fluorophore.

Non-activated carboxylic acid, an analog of Cy5? free carboxylic acid. Contains Cyanine5 fluorophore. This dye has limited water solubility, but can be dissolved in mixtures of water with organic phase (DMF, DMSO, alcohols) to obtain useful concentrations of the material in solution. Water-soluble version is available. This molecule can be considered non-reactive dye for the use in control samples, and for instrument calibration. For coupling with amines and protein labeling, consider using Cyanine5 NHS ester, or water-soluble sulfo-Cyanine5 NHS ester.

Cyanine5.5 dye, free acid form, unactivated. The dye can be considered non-reactive for most applications. It can be used as a control or reference sample, and for instrument calibration.

Free unactivated Cyanine7 dye carboxylic acid. Near-infrared fluorescent dye.

Cyanine7 dicarboxylic acid is a bifunctional dye molecule bearing two carboxylic groups. Cyanine7 possesses near infrared fluorescence.

Water soluble sulfo-Cyanine3 dye, free unactivated monofunctional carboxylic acid. This reagent can be used as a reference fluorophore for Cy3? detection channel, as a control in experiments with other sulfo-Cyanine3 labeled products. Carboxylic acid can be also activated with carbodiimides.

Non-activated sulfo-Cyanine5 carboxylic acid, water soluble dye. This dye is highly hydrophilic and water-soluble. Non-sulfonated analog is available. The fluorophore is an equivalent of Cy5? carboxylic acid.

Sulfo-Cyanine5.5 (analog of Cy5.5?) is a water-soluble, far red emitting fluorophore. Due to four sulfo-groups, the dye possesses negative charge in neutral pH, and very high hydrophilicity. As a cyanine dye, sulfo-Cyanine5.5 shows very low dependence of the fluorescence on pH, and very high extinction coefficient.

Sulfo-Cyanine7 carboxylic acid is non-reactive water soluble near infrared dye. The reagent is useful as a fluorescent marker in NIR range when attachment to other molecules is not desired. It has high hydrophilicity and aqueous solubility, improved quantum yield in NIR range, and very high molar extinction coefficient.

Sulfo-Cyanine7 dicarboxylic acid (Сy7 analogue) is a water soluble, bifunctional NIR dye derivative bearing two carboxylic acid functional groups.

BDP 581/591 is a universal fluorophore with high brightness and photostability, relatively long fluorescence lifetime and two photon cross section. This derivative contains a primary amine group for the enzymatic transamination, and conjugation with electrophilic reagents.

BDP 630/650 is a far red emitting, borondipyrromethene based fluorophore. The dye is tuned to match the standard Cy5 channel, and can be used as an alternative to Cyanine5 and sulfo-Cyanine5. Compared to cyanines, BDP 630/650 possesses a longer fluorescence lifetime which is important for fluorescence anisotropy measurements. BDP 630/650 has a brightness similar to cyanines, and an exceptional photostability. This amine derivative is useful for the reaction with electrophiles, and for enzymatic transamination labeling.

Amino derivative of BDP FL dye, a borondipyrromethene dye for FAM channel. This reagent possesses good aqueous solubility.

BDP R6G is a borondipyrromethene dye matching Rhodamine 6G (R6G) channel. This derivative of the fluorophore contains aliphatic amine group in salt form. The amine group can be conjugated with electrophiles. Amines can also used in enzymatic transamination.

BDP TMR is a dye for TAMRA channel. Unlike original TAMRA, it however possesses very good quantum yield, and therefore high brightness. This derivative contains a primary amine group that can be conjugated with various electrophiles. It can also participate in enzymatic transamination reaction

BDP TR is a bright borondipyrromethene dye for ROX channel. Unlike ROX, it is very stable to oxidation. This amine derivative is useful for the conjugation with electrophilic reagents like epoxides and activated carboxyl derivatives, and as well for enzymatic transamination reaction.

Cyanine3 amine is a functionalized cyanine dye containing a free amino group. Cyanine3 is an analog of Cy3?. Amino group of this reagent can be conjugated with reactive groups such as NHS esters, carboxy groups (after carbodiimide activation), and epoxides. The amino dye is supplied in salt form, and possesses some aqueous solubility.

Cyanine5 amine is a reactive dye which contains amino group, an analog of Cy5? amine. This reagent can be coupled with a variety of activated esters and other electrophilic reagents. For example, this amine can be coupled with EDC-activated carboxylic groups. This bright and photostable dye is suitable for many different methods of fluorescence detection. Colorful fluorophore can also be easily detected in small quantities (nanomols) by naked human eye.

Cyanine5.5 (Cy5.5? analog) amine derivative. The dye contains a free amine group which can be conjugated with a variety of functionalities, including NHS esters, and epoxides. Cyanine5.5 is a far red dye which works fine for live organism imaging, and applications requiring low fluorescence background.

Near infrared dye with free amine group for the conjugation with activated esters and other reactive molecules. Cyanine7 is a near infrared dye, an analog of Cy7? which is especially suitable for live organism imaging, and demanding low-background applications.

Cyanine7.5 is a NIR fluorescent dye. This reagent contains free amino group which can be used coupled with activated carboxylic acid derivatives.

Fluorescein (FAM) amine, isomerically pure dye (5-isomer). Unlike fluoresceinamine, this reagent contains a linker arm with an aliphatic amine group that is more reactive. It can react with electrophilic reagents like activated esters or epoxides, and be involved in enzymatic transamination.

Fluorescein derivative with amine group, contains pure 6-isomer of the fluorophore. This reagent can be used for the modification of biomolecules by enzymatic transamination. Its aliphatic amine groups also reacts with electrophiles (like activated esters). This amine can be also conjugated with carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones) by means of reductive amination

A water soluble dye with amino group, useful for the conjugation with electrophiles, and for enzymatic transamination labeling. Sulfo-Cyanine3 is a sulfonated analog of Cy3, which is compatible with various fluorescence measuring equipment. The dye is highly photostable. It is also easily detectable by naked eye.

Water soluble amino dye for enzymatic transamination labeling, and other coupling with electrophiles. Cyanine5 is a popular fluorophore which is compatible with different fluorescence measuring instruments. Sulfo-Cyanine5 derivatives possess good water solubility.

Sulfo-Cyanine5.5 is a water soluble cyanine dye for far red / NIR applications such as in vivo imaging. The dye possesses four sulfonate groups that render it highly hydrophilic and water soluble. As well as other cyanines, sulfo-Cyanine5.5 has an outstanding extinction coefficient that makes it a bright fluorescent label for the far red region. This is an amine-containing fluorescent dye. The amine group is separated from the fluorophore by a relatively long linker that facilitates conjugation. The aliphatic primary amine group can be coupled with various electrophiles (activated esters, epoxides, etc), and also be used in enzymatic transamination labeling.

Sulfonated, water-soluble, amino derivative of Cyanine7 NIR dye. This NIR dye amine can be used for the derivatization of various targets by the reaction with electrophilic groups, and also by enzymatical reactions involving transamination.

TAMRA (tetramethylrhodamine) is a well known fluorophore that has a long history of use in biomolecule labeling. TAMRA can serve as a FRET acceptor for FAM (fluorescein). TAMRA amine is a derivative having a primary amine group that can be conjugated with various electrophiles like activated esters, epoxides, etc., used in reductive amination reactions, and in enzymatic transamination.

BDP R6G is a borondipyrromethene dye that has absorption and emission wavelengths close to rhodamine 6G (R6G). BDP R6G is a very bright and photostable dye. Tetrazine fragment is used in inverse electron demand Diels Alder reaction with trans-cyclooctenes, acylazetines, and other strained olefins.

BDP TR dye tetrazine derivative for TCO ligation reaction of cycloalkenes with tetrazines. BDP TR is a multi-purpose borondipyrromethene dye for ROX/Texas Red channel, possessing excellent brightness.

Cyanine3 tetrazine is a fluorescent dye with tetrazine moiety for a conjugation reaction called TCO (trans-cyclooctene) ligation. Actually, tetrazines react not only with trans-cyclooctenes, but also with (methyl)cyclopropenes and strained non-benzo-fused cycloalkynes. Cyanine3 is a moderately hydrophobic dye, enabling labeling in non-aqueous environment as well as in aqueous media containing some organic co-solvent like acetonitrile or DMSO

Tetrazine-cyclooctene (TCO) ligation is one of the fastest bioconjugation reactions known to date. In order to use it for fluorescent labeling, a fluorescent reporter molecule bearing one of the reacting groups is necessary. Cyanine5 tetrazine is a molecule bearing Cyanine5 fluorophore, and tetrazine moiety. Cyanine5 is a very popular fluorophore compatible with numerous instruments.

Cyanine5.5 is a far red emitting dye for in vivo imaging and applications requiring low background. This Cyanine5.5 derivative contains tetrazine moiety that reacts with trans-cyclooctenes, cyclopropenes, and some strained cyclooctynes with the formation of stable conjugates. This labeling reaction is extremely fast, and can be used in vivo.

TCO ligation is a reaction that takes place between a tetrazine and a strained olefin, such as trans-cyclooctene. This tetrazine bears a fragment of near infrared dye, Cyanine7. This NIR fluorophore is especially useful for in vivo imaging.

Tetrazine (methyltetrazine) derivative of fluorescein, pure 5-isomer. Tetrazines are reactive heterodiene components for [4+2] inverse electron demand Diels-Alder reaction (ied-DA) with strained cycloalkenes (trans-cyclooctenes, cyclopropenes). This reaction is also called TCO (tetrazine-cyclooctene) ligation. The reaction is among the fastest bioconjugation reactions

Fluorescein (FAM) is a popular fluorophore that has bright emission in the green area of visible spectrum. This derivative of fluorescein contains tetrazine moiety. Tetrazines react with trans-cycloalkenes and other strained olefins in a reaction called inverse electron demand Diels-Alder reaction (ied-DA). The reaction is very quick and specific. The reagent contains pure 6-isomer of FAM.

PEG3 tetrazine is a monoreactive derivative that allows a facile attachment of hydrophilic triethyleneglycol fragment (pegylation) by inverse electron demand Diels-Alder reaction (ied-DA) with strained olefins, such as trans-cyclooctenes, and some cyclooctynes.

TCO (tetrazine – trans-cyclooctene) ligation is one of the fastest reactions used for bioconjugation. It is an inverse electron demand [4+2] cycloaddition that takes place between tetrazine and trans-cyclooctene or other strained olefin. Sulfo-Cyanine5 tetrazine is a fluorophore derivative bearing a tetrazine group for the TCO-ligation based labeling. This reagent possesses good aqueous solubility and stability in biological environments.

Sulfo-Cyanine7 is a near infrared, water soluble fluorophore. This derivative contains methyltetrazine group for the fast, efficient, and metal free conjugation with cycloalkenes in a reaction called TCO ligation.

Biotin azide is a derivative of biotin (vitamin H) covalently bound with azide group. This reagent allows labeling of various alkynylated molecules (such as DNA, oligonucleotides, and proteins) with biotin. Biotin binding to avidin or streptavidin can be used in downstream affinity applications for the isolation of biotinylated molecules or their binding with streptavidin conjugates. This structure of biotin azide features long hydrophilic linker which separates biotin residue from the target molecule for efficient binding with streptavidin. Its linker (PEG) also enhances aquous solubility to facilitate conjugation. The azide can be conjugated with various molecules using our recommended protocol.

Chloro-PEG3-azide is a heterobifunctional linker bearing a reactive chloride for the alkylation of various nucleophilic groups. Due to anchimeric assistance from oxygen, this atom is more reactive than in normal alkyl chlorides. The other reactive group is azide. It can be conjugated via Click chemistry, or reduced to amine group to be later acylated with reactive carbonyl compounds. PEG3 is a versatile hydrophilic linker for bioconjugation.

Alkyne maleimide is a bifunctional linker reagent which allows to attach terminal alkyne to various thiol-containing molecules, such as proteins containing cysteine residues. The alkyne moiety can be then conjugated with various azides via copper-catalyzed Click chemistry reaction.

Biotin alkyne for the preparation of various biotinylated conjugates via Click Chemistry. This alkyne reacts with various azides, including biomolecules containing azide groups. Biotinylated conjugates can be used for various assays and applications requiring affinity binding. Our recommended protocol can be used for the conjugation.

EdU (ethynyldeoxyuridine) is a nucleoside, an analog of thymidine, carrying an ethynyl group. This nucleoside behaves as a substrate for cellular DNA replication machinery. Then, DNA containing ethynyl groups can be developed by Click chemistry reaction with various dye azides. Fluorescent DNA can be detected by microscopy, or cells can be sorted by FACS.

Labeled deoxynucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs) provide an efficient way for the enzymatic labeling of DNA. DNA microarrays, PCR amplicons, and reverse transcripts can be labeled using various dNTPs. Sulfo-Cyanine3 is a dye emitting in yellow range. This fluorophore is a standard dye used in DNA microarray experiments. Sulfo-Cyanine3 dUTP is a labeled triphosphate providing efficient labeling in enzymatic reactions with various enzymes.

Phosphoramidite for the synthesis of alkyne-modified oligonucleotides. Oligonucleotides can be used for Click Chemistry modification (see the protocol). Diluent for this amidite is acetonitrile, 5 min coupling time is recommended. Standard deprotection conditions can be used for oligonucleotides.

Phosphoramidite for the synthesis of oligonucleotides with 5'-terminal alkyne for Click Chemistry. This alkyne amidite has several advantages over 5’-hexynyl phosphoramidite, 5'-butynyl-CEP, and other 5'-terminal alkyne phosphoramidites. First, it is solid compound which is easier to handle and dispense. And due to its structure, it is also more stable in solution, and has longer shelf life

Aminolink phosphoramidite for oligonucleotide synthesis. DMS(O)MT is a special protective group similar to traditional MMT, but designed as an improved alternative to it. DMS(O)MT aminolink is fully compatible with standard coupling, deblock, and purification protocols. However, DMS(O)MT group is much better suited for DMT-on and cartridge purification of amino-oligonucleotides because of higher stability, and better oligonucleotide recovery. Oligonucleotides containing DMS(O)MT are more stable in solution than MMT analogs.

Standard fluorescein (FAM) phosphoramidite for 5'-terminal oligonucleotide labeling, high isomeric purity single isomer. This highly purified amidite reagent ensures excellent coupling results with various synthesizers.

Spacer phosphoramidite 18 (hexaethylene glycol phosphoramidite) is an amidite reagent for oligonucleotide synthesis. It provides a long hydrophilic linker that can be used for the synthesis of Scorpion-type qPCR probes, for spacing biotin from oligo strand, and for other applications requiring spatial separation of modifier and oligo

JOE is a xanthene dye, fluorescein derivative possessing two chloro and two methoxy substituents. This fluorophore is a useful label for oligonucleotides. Its absorption and emission spectra are located between FAM and TAMRA. The fluorophore can be introduced into oligonucleotide using this phosphoramidite. It tolerates standard ammonium deblock conditions. This product contains pure isomer of 5-JOE dye.

Long trebler phosphoramidite is a branching reagent for oligonucleotide synthesis allowing to synthesize branched DNA structures using a standard DNA synthesizer.Trebler amidite can be used to attach several modifier amidites to the 5'-end of an oligonucleotide - for example, three biotin residues can be attached at once.

Pyrene is polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon which is well-known for its ability to intercalate into DNA. Pyrene features intense blue fluorescence. Its parameters depend strongly on fluorophore microenvironment. Therefore, fluorescence spectra of pyrene are used for the extraction of structural information about site surrounding pyrene. Two pyrenes in close proximity usually form excimers easily detectable by excimer fluorescence. Pyrene can also be a FRET donor to other fluorophores such as perylene.

N-trifluoroacetyl (TFA) protected aminolink C6 phosphoramidite for the synthesis of 5'-amino-modified oligonucleotides. TFA protection is smoothly removed during ammonia deprotection, and does not require any additional steps. If necessary, the resulting oligonucleotides can be purified by ion exchange chromatography, or gel electrophoresis.

PEG3 (triethylene glycol) diazide (1,8-diazido-3,6-dioxaoctane) is a symmetrical bifunctional crosslinker bearing two azide groups.

PEG4 diazide is a hydrophilic linker with two azide groups. Both can be modified by Click chemistry, either by a copper catalyzed reaction with terminal alkynes, or by a copper-free reaction with cycloalkynes. Azides can also participate in the Staudinger ligation reaction.

Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor

PEG3 diiodide is a homobifunctional linker with two iodide functional groups which are very reactive against many nucleophiles like thiols, amines, alkoxy anions, etc. Can be used to synthesize hydrophilic symmetrical conjugates.

PEG3 dicarboxylic acid is a homobifunctional linker with two carboxylic acid groups flanking the PEG3 molecule. The linker is highly hydrophilic and useful for the conjugation and immobilization of proteins, peptides, and other biomolecules. The carboxy groups can be activated by carbodiimides

Sulfo-Cyanine5 bis-NHS ester is a water soluble bifunctional dye possessing two NHS ester functions. It is an analog of Cy5? bis-NHS ester. The dye is useful for the cross-conjugation of amines, and for other advanced labeling applications.

Sulfo-Cyanine7.5 dicarboxylic acid is a bifunctional near infrared fluorescent dye with two carboxylic acid groups. The reagent is useful as a cross-linker that is NIR emitting. The carboxylic acid groups can be activated by carbodiimide chemistry.

BDP 558/568 is a borondipyrromethene fluorophore with emission in the yellow part of the spectrum. Its absorption and emission spectra are in similar range as TAMRA, BDP TMR, Cyanine3, and sulfo-Cyanine3. This is an amine reactive NHS ester.

BDP 581/591 is a borondipyrromethene dye that has relatively long fluorescence lifetime and two photon excitation cross section. It is useful for fluorescence polarization assays. Due to the presence of a diene system, it can react with reactive oxygen species (ROS) with a change of fluorescence. This is the NHS ester derivative for the conjugation with primary and secondary amine groups of proteins, peptides, and other molecules.

BDP 630/650 is a borondipyrromethene fluorophore that has a high molar extinction coefficient, excellent quantum yield, and a relatively long lifetime of the excited state. Due to it, this fluorophore is useful for fluorescence polarization assays that allow to detect binding between molecules. This is an amine reactive NHS ester. It contains an aminohexanoyl linker between the fluorophore and the reactive group.

BDP 650/665 is a borondipyrromethene dye with far red excitation and emission. The dye has a good molar extinction coefficient and emission quantum yield. The NHS ester can be conjugated with amine groups of proteins, peptides, and other molecules. The molecule contains an additional aminohexanoic acid linker.

Cyanine3.5 NHS ester is a reactive dye for the labeling of amino-groups in peptides, proteins, and oligonucleotides. Cyanine3.5 NHS ester can replace NHS esters of Cy3.5, Alexa Fluor 594, DyLight 594.

VPC-13566 is an advanced BF3-specific small molecule that was previously reported to effectively inhibit AR transcriptional activity and to displace the BAG1L peptide from the BF3 pocket. VPC-13566 inhibits the growth of various prostate cancer cell lines, including an enzalutamide-resistant cell line, and reduces the growth of AR-dependent prostate cancer xenograft tumors in mice.

Sulforaphene efficiently decreased the viability of breast cancer cells, while normal cells (MCF10A) were less sensitive to the analyzed isothiocyanate. Sulforaphene induced G2/M cell cycle arrest, as well as disturbed cytoskeletal organization and reduced clonogenic potential of the cancer cells. Sulforaphene induced apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner which was associated with the oxidative stress, mitochondria dysfunction, increased Bax:Bcl2 ratio and ADRP levels.

Benzoctamine is a drug that possesses sedative and anxiolytic properties. Medically, benzoctamine is used as a treatment for anxious outpatients to control aggression, enuresis, fear, and minor social maladjustment in children.

5-(N,N)-Dimethylamiloride Hydrochloride is a Na(+)-H+ exchange inhibitor.