| Description: |
Nelfinavir(AG-1341) is a potent and orally bioavailable human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1 protease inhibitor (Ki=2 nM) and is widely prescribed in combination with HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitors for the treatment of HIV infection. |
| Target: |
IC50 Valur: 2 nM (Ki for HIV-1 protease) [2]
Target: HIV Protease |
| In Vivo: |
In vivo studies indicate that AG1343 is well absorbed orally in a variety of species and possesses favorable pharmacokinetic properties in humans [2]. |
| In Vitro: |
In vitro exposure (72 hours) of HAECs to NEL (0.25-2 μg/mL) decreased both basal (2.5-fold) and insulin-induced NO production (4- to 5-fold). NEL suppressed insulin-induced phosphorylation of both Akt and eNOS at serine residues 473 and 1177, respectively. NEL decreased tyrosine phosphorylation of IR-β, IRS-1, and PI3K. Coexposure to troglitazone (TRO; 250 nM) ameliorated the suppressive effects of NEL on insulin signaling and NO production. Coexposure to TRO also increased eNOS expression in NEL-treated HAECs [1]. AG1343 is a potent enzyme inhibitor (Ki = 2 nM) and antiviral agent (HIV-1 ED50 = 14 nM). An X-ray cocrystal structure of the enzyme-AG1343 complex reveals how the novel thiophenyl ether and phenol-amide substituents of the inhibitor interact with the S1 and S2 subsites of HIV-1 protease, respectively [2]. |
| References: |
[1]. Mondal D, et al. Nelfinavir suppresses insulin signaling and nitric oxide production by human aortic endothelial cells: protective effects of thiazolidinediones. Ochsner J. 2013 Spring;13(1):76-90.
[2]. Kaldor SW, et al. Viracept (nelfinavir mesylate, AG1343): a potent, orally bioavailable inhibitor of HIV-1 protease. J Med Chem. 1997 Nov 21;40(24):3979-85. |
