D-methionine sulfoxide is the D-isomer of Methionine sulfoxide. Methionine sulfoxide is an oxidation product of methionine. Methionine is the limiting amino acid in milk or leguminous proteins , which is easily oxidized during the course of storage or processing.

N1,N8-Diacetylspermidine is a polyamines in the human urine. N1,N8-Diacetylspermidine is useful as prognostic indicators after treatment and during follow-up examination of cancer patients.

N1,N8-Diacetylspermidine hydrochloride is a polyamines in the human urine. N1,N8-Diacetylspermidine hydrochloride is useful as prognostic indicators after treatment and during follow-up examination of cancer patients.

5-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyuridine (5-OHdU) is a major stable oxidation product of 2'-Deoxycytidine. 5-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyuridine can be incorporated into DNA in vitro by DNA polymerase.

5-ALA benzyl ester hydrochloride (Benzyl-ALA hydrochloride) is a protoporphyrin precursor used as a photodetection agent. 5-ALA benzyl ester hydrochloride induces protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) accumulation in colon carcinoma cell lines.

Streptolysin O, a group A streptococcal toxin, is a well-characterized oxygen-labile prototype of a cholesterol-binding bacterial exotoxin. Streptolysin O causes both lysis of cells and cardiotoxicity. Streptolysin O is widely used for the controlled permeabilization of cell membranes. Streptolysin O exists in two forms, a reduced active state and an oxidized reversibly inactive state .

Iretol (2,4,6-trihydroxyanisole) is a a degradation product of a glucoside obtained from Iris Jorentina. Iretol is an intermediate in the synthesis of natural isoflavones, such as Tectorigenin, Irigenin and Caviunin.

L-Epinephrine hydrochloride ((-)-Epinephrine hydrochloride; L-Adrenaline hydrochloride; (-)-Adrenalin hydrochloride), an endogenous neurotransmitter hormone, is used for the treatment of allergic and respiratory disorders.

Ubiquinol (Ubiquinol-10) is a reduced form of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10). Ubiquinol is a potent antioxidant that has the capacity to protect Vitamin E, and also helps to regenerate depleted vitamin E and Vitamin C. Ubiquinol is both lipophilic and hydrophilic and acts as transmembrane factor preventing lipid peroxidation and propagation by transferring electrons to ROS.

L-Carnitine hydrochloride ((R)-Carnitine hydrochloride), a highly polar, small zwitterion, is an essential co-factor for the mitochondrial β-oxidation pathway. L-Carnitine hydrochloride functions to transport long chain fatty acyl-CoAs into the mitochondria for degradation by β-oxidation. L-Carnitine hydrochloride is an antioxidant. L-Carnitine hydrochloride can ameliorate metabolic imbalances in many inborn errors of metabolism.

9-cis-Retinal is a natural retinoid. Dietary 9-cis-β-carotene generates 9-cis-retinoids via cleavage into 9-cis-retinal. 9-cis Retinal binds to cellular retinol-binding protein-I (CRBP-I) and CRBP-II with Kds of 8 nM and 5 nM, respectively. 9-cis-Retinal expedites differentiation and maturation of rod photoreceptors in retinal organoids.

L-Methionine sulfoxide (H-Met(O)-OH), a metabolite of Methionine, induces M1/classical macrophage polarization, and modulates oxidative stress and purinergic signaling parameters.

Tetradecanedioic acid is an endogenous metabolite and belongs to the class of organic compounds known as long-chain fatty acids. Tetradecanedioic acid can act as a candidate biomarker for organic anion-transporting polypeptide mediated drug-drug interactions .

N-Acetyl-L-glutamic acid, a N-acyl-L-amino acid, is a component of animal cell culturing media. N-Acetyl-L-glutamic acid is a metabolite of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and human.

L-Dihydroorotic acid can reversibly hydrolyze to yield the acyclic L-ureidosuccinic acid by dihydrowhey enzyme.

trans-Cinnamaldehyde can be used to prepare highly polyfunctionalized furan ring by reaction of alkyl isocyanides with dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylate. trans-Cinnamaldehyde can be used to synthesize trans-cinnamaldehyde -β-cyclodextrin complex, an antimicrobial edible coating that increases the shelf life of fresh-cut fruits.

SY-640 is an Acetamide derivative and has potent hepatoprotective effect. SY-640 reduces Propionibacterium acnes and Lipopolysaccharide-induced liver injury in mice.

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is an agonist of S1P1-5 receptors and a ligand of GPR3, GPR6 and GPR12. Sphingosine-1-phosphate is an intracellular second messenger and mobilizes Ca2+ as an extracellular ligand for G protein-coupled receptors. Sphingosine-1-phosphate is an important lipid mediator generated from Sphingomyelin or other membrane phospholipids.

C16-PAF (PAF (C16)), a phospholipid mediator, is a platelet-activating factor and ligand for PAF G-protein-coupled receptor (PAFR). C16-PAF exhibits anti-apoptotic effect and inhibits caspase-dependent death by activating the PAFR. C16-PAF induces increased vascular permeability.

Lumisterol 3 (>90%) (9β,10α-Cholesta-5,7-dien-3β-ol) is a normal human secosterooid metabolite from the class of vitamin D3 photoisomer derivatives. Lumisterol 3 (>90%) is used in the preparation of vitamin D.

L-Sepiapterin (Sepiapterin) is a precursor of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4). L-Sepiapterin improves endothelial dysfunction in small mesenteric arteries from db/db mice, and induces angiogenesis. L-Sepiapterin inhibits cell proliferation and migration of ovarian cancer cells via down-regulation of p70S6K-dependent VEGFR-2 expression.

(±)8-HETE is one of the six monohydroxy fatty acids produced by the non-enzymatic oxidation of arachidonic acid. The biological activity of (±)8-HETE is likely to resemble that of its constituent enantiomers (8(R)-HETE and 8(S)-HETE).