Anticancer agent 27 deserves further development as a promising candidate for the treatment of cancer.

Anticancer agent 26 deserves further development as a promising candidate for the treatment of cancer.

Anticancer agent 28 showed good antitumor activity in H22 allogeneic mice in vivo. Its potency in K562 cells was 50 times that of oridonin, and its < b > IC < sub > 50 < / sub > < / b > value was 0.09 μ M。

Phytochelatin 3 (PC 3) TFA is the small metal chelating peptide that can be used for chelating heavy metals.

Bafrekalant is a diazabicyclic substituted imidazo[l,2-a]pyrimidine-derivative. Bafrekalant has the potential for the research of breathing disorders, including sleep-related breathing disorders such as obstructive and central sleep apnea and snoring (extracted from patent WO2018228907A1).

Cyanosafracin B is a starting material for synthesis of Ecteinascidin ET-743 and Phthalascidin Pt-650.

(S)-(-)-MRJF22 is haloperidol metabolite II valproate ester. (S)-(-)-MRJF22 exhibits the high antimigratory effects in endothelial and tumor cells. (S)-(-)-MRJF22 is a potential multifunctional agent against uveal melanoma.

ABL-L induces apoptosis of human laryngocarcinoma cells through p53-dependent pathway.

(22S,23S)-Homobrassinolide is one of the most active brassinosteroids in inducing plant growth in various plant bioassay systems. (22S,23S)-Homobrassinolide shows Akt-dependent anabolic activity in rat skeletal muscle cells. Orally active.

Aluminum Glycinate, an organo-metallic compound, is an antacid. Aluminum Glycinate can be used for the research of indigestion, acid reflux and ulcers.

Tetracosactide acetate is a synthetic peptide stimulating the release of corticosteroids such as cortisol from the adrenal gland. Tetracosactide acetate is currently used for the research of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, juvenile/adult rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthrosis.

Morelloflavone has antioxidative, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory properties.

Gymconopin C shows an antiallergic effect on ear passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reactions in mice.

NCGC00138783 selectively blocks the CD47/SIRPα interaction with an IC50 value of 40 μM for the cell surface binding. NCGC00138783 does not disrupt its binding to other receptors.

Inubritannolide A displays slight strong neuroprotective potency against different types of neuronal cells mediated by various inducers including H2O2, 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

Sartorypyrone B is a 2β-acetoxyl analogue of chevalone C. Sartorypyrone B is yielded from the ethyl acetate extract of the culture of the marine sponge-associated fungus Neosartorya tsunodae (KUFC 9213). Sartorypyrone B exhibits strong growth inhibitory activity, having GI50s of 17.8, 20.5, and 25.0 μM, respectively, for MCF-7, NCI-H460, and A375-C5. Sartorypyrone B has the potential for the research of breast adenocarcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer, and melanoma diseases.

TPE-MI (Tetraphenylethene maleimide) is a thiol probe for measuring unfolded protein load and proteostasis in cells. TPE-MI can report imbalances in proteostasis in induced pluripotent stem cell models of Huntington disease, as well as cells transfected with mutant Huntington exon 1 before the formation of visible aggregates. TPE-MI also detects protein damage following dihydroartemisinin treatment of the malaria parasitesPlasmodium falciparum .

11-Keto fusidic acid shows strong antibacterial activity toward Staphylococcus aureus with an MIC value of 0.078 μg/mL.

OAB-14, is a Bexarotene derivative, improves Alzheimer's disease-related pathologies and cognitive impairments by increasing β-amyloid clearance in APP/PS1 mice. OAB-14 effectively ameliorates the dysfunction of the endosomal-autophagic-lysosomal pathway in APP/PS1 transgenic mice.

Mal-Deferoxamine is the linker for construct RDC.

Homodestcardin, a destruxinbased cyclodepsipeptide, is a immunosuppressant. Homodestcardin, a fungal metabolite, displays pronounced activities against concanavalin A (Con A) activation, with an IC50 value of 0.86 μM.

Acremoxanthone C is a potent calmodulin (CaM) inhibitor found in Purpureocillium lilacinum. Acremoxanthone C binds to the human calmodulin (hCaM) biosensor hCaM M124C-mBBr, with Kd of 18.25 nM.

Acremonidin A is a potent calmodulin (CaM) inhibitor found in Purpureocillium lilacinum. Acremonidin A binds to the human calmodulin (hCaM) biosensor hCaM M124C-mBBr, with Kd of 19.40 nM.

photoCORM-1 (compound 8) is a combinatorial carbon monoxide releasing molecule (CORM). photoCORM-1 exhibits good cellular uptake and real-time monitoring ability of CO uncaging by a color change approach. photoCORM-1 has anti-tumor antivity.

Eupenifeldin is pentacyclic bistropolone isolated from cultures of Eupenicillium brefeldianum ATCC 74184. Eupenifeldin is cytotoxic against the HCT-116 cell line. Eupenifeldin has the potential for the research of leukemia.

Tyrosinase/elastase-IN-1 a triterpenoid from Rubus fraxinifolius leaves, has tyrosinase and elastase inhibitory activities.

DMPE is the dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine. DMPE is a liposome used to deliver drugs.

Hirsutide is a cyclic tetrapeptide that can be found in spider-derived entomopathogenic fungus.

Phytochelatin 4 (PC 4) is a short Cys-rich peptide with repeating γ-Glu-Cys motifs found in plants.

N-Methylprotoporphyrin IX is a potent inhibitor of ferrochelatase enzyme.

Sporidesmolide V is a cyclodepsipeptide compound isolated from the cultures of Pithornyces chartarum.

TBTDC is a highly efficient multifunctional organic photosensitizer with aggregation-induced emission for in vivo bioimaging and photodynamic therapy.

Pigment Yellow 83 is a yellow colorant.

Cannabisin G is developed as a nutritional dietary supplement for immunocompromised individuals.

Phytochelatin 4 (PC 4) TFA is a short Cys-rich peptide with repeating γ-Glu-Cys motifs found in plants.

1,2-DImyristoyl-rac-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC), a zwitterionic phospholipid, is chosen as a simple eukaryotic cell membrane, mimicking the neutral charge of the surface membrane of eukaryotic plasma membranes.

Anticancer agent 25 exhibits the strongest cytotoxicity against PC3 cells with an IC50 value of 0.19 μM.

P-BP-SFAC is a fluorescence molecule. P-BP-SFAC exhibits an apparent absorption band with a peak at about 377 nm, indicative of a stronger ICT effect.

Phainanoid A is a unique dammarane-type triterpenoid.

18:1 Ethylene Glycol is a liposome used to deliver drugs.

PEG2000-C-DMG, a lipid, can be used for the preparation of Onpattro. Onpattro, a hepatically directed investigational RNAi therapeutic agent, harnesses this process to reduce the production of mutant and wild-type transthyretin by targeting the 3′ untranslated region of transthyretin mRNA.

DPPG sodium (1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-PG sodium) is a phospholipid containing the long-chain(16:0) palmitic acid inserted at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions. DPPG sodium is used in the generation of micelles, liposomes and other types of artificial membranes.

p-fin4 is a peptide inhibitor of STEP Phosphatase-GluA2 AMPA receptor interaction with a Ki of 0.4 μM. p-fin4 restores the memory deficits and displays anxiolytic and antidepressant effects in a scopolamine-treated rat model. p-fin4 is a promising lead compound for novel cognitive enhancers and/or behavioral modulators.

Antitumor agent-39 is a peptide compound with anticancer effect (US20050009751A1, compound 64).

1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylglycerol (POPG) can be used to formulate bacterial membrane mimetic.

D-Fructose-13C2 is the 13C labeled D-Fructose. D-Fructose (D(-)-Fructose) is a naturally occurring monosaccharide found in many plants.

TF-3ʹ-G-cThea is a storage-related marker compound in black tea.

p3Ysh-3 is a peptide inhibitor of STEP Phosphatase-GluA2 AMPA receptor interaction with a Ki of 1.09 μM. p3Ysh-3 restores the memory deficits and displays anxiolytic and antidepressant effects in a scopolamine-treated rat model. p3Ysh-3 is a promising lead compound for novel cognitive enhancers and/or behavioral modulators.

DODAP (hydrochloride) is an ionizable lipid. DODAP (hydrochloride) has the potential for the research of gene delivery.

Dielaidoylphosphatidylethanolamine is a liposome used to deliver drugs.

18:0 DAP can be used to formulate lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), which mRNA is encapsulated in their core.

TF-3-G-cThea is a storage-related marker compound in black tea.

Insecticidal agent 1 displays more potent insecticidal activity than obacunone and toosendanin.

Phytochelatin 5 is metal-binding compound produced by plants. Phytochelatin 5 may reduce bioavailability of dietary toxic metals such as cadmium.

DOPS-NA is a ubstitute for Phosphoserine/phosphatidylserine. DOPS-NA can be used in lipid mixtures with DOPC and DOPE as effective nontoxic and nonviral DNA vectors.

Cy5-SE (Cy5 NHS Ester) triethylamine salt is a reactive dye for the labeling of amino-groups in peptides, proteins, and oligonucleotides. Cy5-SE triethylamine salt is ideal for very cost-efficient labeling of soluble proteins, as well as all kinds of peptides and oligonucleotides Ex=649 nm; Em=670 nm).

Phytochelatin 5 TFA is metal-binding compound produced by plants. Phytochelatin 5 TFA may reduce bioavailability of dietary toxic metals such as cadmium.

DLin-K-C3-DMA, a nucleic acid, shows in vivo silencing activity. DLin-K-C3-DMA can be used in the synthesis of nucleic acid-lipid particle to delivery of nucleic acid.

Berninamycin D is a cyclic peptide fungal metabolite isolated from ermentation of Streptomyces bernensis.

DYSP-C34 is a potent, biocompatible, and ultrasound (US)-triggered multifunctional molecular machine. DYSP-C34 has multiple favorable properties, such as improved lipophilic/hydrophilic balance, intensified US-induced ROS production capacity, and better cellular permeability, resulting in the excellent tumor target efficiency and notable sonodynamic therapy (SDT)-mediated tumor regression. DYSP-C34 exhibits mild immunogenicity by stimulating APCs directly.

6α-Hydroxy paclitaxel is a primary metabolite of Paclitaxel. 6α-Hydroxy paclitaxel retains a time-dependent effect on organic anion–transporting polypeptides 1B1/SLCO1B1 (OATP1B1) with similar inhibition potency to Paclitaxel, whereas it no longer showed time-dependent inhibition of OATP1B3. 6α-Hydroxy paclitaxel can be used for the research of cancer.

Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (L-alpha-Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate), a phospholipid component of cell membranes, is a substrate for phospholipase C (PLC) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and as a primary messenger.

Notoginsenoside R3 is an isolated natural compound.

TF-DG-cThea is a storage-related marker compound in black tea.

NH2-c[X-R-L-S-X]-K-G-P-(D-2Nal) (compound 40), a macrocyclic analogue of Ape13, is a potent APJ agonist (Ki=5.7 nM). NH2-c[X-R-L-S-X]-K-G-P-(D-2Nal) exhibits a favorable Gα12-biased signaling and an increased in vivo half-life.

Sodium Tartrate is a pH-Regulating agent with antioxidant activity. Sodium Tartrate is particularly effective retarding hydrolysis while heating at high temperatures, resulting in increase of acid values (AVs) of vegetable oils.

CP-BP-SFAC is a luminogenic molecule. CP-BP-SFAC exhibits strong sky-blue delayed fluorescence in neat films.

BLT2 probe 1 (compound 13) is a fluorescent probe based on the synthetic BLT2 agonist CAY10583. BLT2 is a promising target for diabetic wound healing and gastrointestinal lesions. BLT2 probe 1 is suitable to investigate the pharmacology of BLT2 receptor ligands in a variety of assay systems.

Allo-aca TFA, a leptin peptidomimetic, is a potent, specific leptin receptor antagonist peptide. Allo-aca TFA blocks leptin signaling and action in numerous in vitro and in vivo models.

Phytochelatin 6 is metal-binding compound produced by plants. Phytochelatin 6 may reduce bioavailability of dietary toxic metals such as cadmium.

D-Fructose-13C (D(-​)​-​Fructose-13C) is the 13C labeled D-Fructose. D-Fructose (D(-)-Fructose) is a naturally occurring monosaccharide found in many plants.

D-Fructose-13C-1 (D(-​)​-​Fructose-13C-1) is the 13C labeled D-Fructose. D-Fructose (D(-)-Fructose) is a naturally occurring monosaccharide found in many plants.

Y4R agonist-1 is a Y4R agonist with a Ki of 0.048 nM.

DGDG, a chloroplast lipid, is a bilayer-forming lipid. DGDG is important for photosynthesis, and can be used for drug delivery.

Phytochelatin 6 TFA is metal-binding compound produced by plants. Phytochelatin 6 TFA may reduce bioavailability of dietary toxic metals such as cadmium.

Y4R agonist-2 is a Y4R agonist with a Ki of 0.033 nM.

Nangibotide is a TREM-1 receptor inhibitor that can modulate innate immune response. Nangibotide can reduce systemic and in situ inflammatory reaction in rodent models of myocardial ischaemia‐reperfusion.

DSPE-PEG-Maleimide, MW 2,000 is a PEG compound with DSPE and maleimide groups. The DSPE-PEGs have been FDA approved for medical applications. The hydrophobic properties of the DSPE allow for the encapsulation and congregation of other hydrophobic drugs. The hydrophilic polyPEG increases the water solubility of the overall compound allowing for the delivery of the drug. Maleimide groups can react with thiol groups between pH 6.5 to 7.5.

Malonylginsenoside Rc is a natural active compound with anti-proliferative activity.

mCP-BP-SFAC is a luminogenic molecule. mCP-BP-SFAC exhibits strong sky-blue delayed fluorescence in neat films, with photoluminescence (PL) peaks at ~483 nm and delayed fluorescence lifetimes of 5.4 to 5.7 μs.

D-Saccharic acid 1,4-lactone hydrate is a potent β-glucuronidase inhibitor (IC50=48.4 μM). D-Saccharic acid 1,4-lactone hydrate can be used as a standard drug compared with novel β-glucuronidase inhibitors. D-Saccharic acid 1,4-lactone hydrate possesses anticarcinogenic, detoxifying, and antioxidant properties.

D-Glucuronamide is the derivate of D-glucuronic acid.

Aviglycine (ABG-3168 free base) is an inhibitor of ethylene biosynthesis. Aviglycine (ABG-3168 (free base)) application delays natural flowering in pineapple.

Aviglycine (hydrochloride) (ABG-3168) is an inhibitor of ethylene biosynthesis. Aviglycine (hydrochloride) (ABG-3168) application delays natural flowering in pineapple.

4-Nitrophenyl phosphate (p-nitrophenyl phosphate) disodium hexahydrate is widely used as a small molecule phosphotyrosine-like substrate in activity assays for protein tyrosine phosphatases. 4-Nitrophenyl phosphate disodium hexahydrate is a colorless substrate that upon hydrolysis is converted to a yellow 4-nitrophenolate ion that can be monitored by absorbance at 405 nm.

Inositol 1,3,4,5-tetraphosphate is the head group of PIP3 (phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate).

Lithium citrate reduces excessive intra-cerebral N-acetyl aspartate in Canavan disease.

Ferric nitrilotriacetate (Fe-NTA), a complexation of nitriloacetic acid with iron, is a highly reactive compound used to induce degenerative disorders through oxidative stress (OS). Ferric nitrilotriacetate is also used in several studies to induce hyperglycemia, glycosuria, and both renal and liver carcinogenesis.

3-Pyridinemethanol (Nicotinyl alcohol), a pyridine derivative, is a cholesterol-lowering agent.

H7 is a second near-infrared (NIR-II) fluorophore.

D-MoDE-A (1) is a bifunctional small molecule that mediates the degradation of extracellular proteins through the asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR).

TCP-BP-SFAC is a luminogenic molecule. TCP-BP-SFAC exhibits strong sky-blue delayed fluorescence in neat films, with photoluminescence (PL) peaks at ~483 nm and delayed fluorescence lifetimes of 5.4 to 5.7 μs.

M-MoDE-A (2) is a bifunctional small molecule that mediates the degradation of extracellular proteins through the asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR).

Prenderol is a potent central-nervous-system depressant. Prenderol has anticonvulsant activity.

2,4,6-Tribromo-3-methylphenol is an active compound.

8-Bromotheophylline can be used for the synthesis of the Oxazolo[2,3-f]purinediones, which are evaluated for their affinity at adenosine A1 and A2A receptors.

4-Amino-2-hydroxybenzohydrazide, an asymmetric unit, comprises two crystallographically independent molecules (A and B).

2,6-Dimethoxyphenol is a phenolic compound that is extensively used for the measurement of laccase activity.

4-(Dimethylamino)phenol increases the extracellular lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) without markedly affecting gluconeogenesis. 4-(Dimethylamino)phenol cannot decreases the ATP content until the membrane becomes permeable to LDH.

Cyclo(D-Ala-L-Pro) is a cyclodipeptide.

Bis-Tris is a commonly used buffer.

Glycerylphosphorylcholine is a precursor of free choline in mammalian semen.

2-(4-Chlorophenoxy)ethanol is used as an intermediate (such as for herbicides).

8-Azanebularine, a compound with hydrogen in place of the C6 amino group, inhibits the ADAR2 reaction at high concentrations (IC50=15 mM). 8-Azanebularine is incorporated into an RNA structure recognized by human ADAR2 results in high-affinity binding (KD=2 nM). 8-Azanebularine can be used for the research of ADAR-catalyzed RNA-editing reaction.

1-Phenyl-1-propanol is used as a chiral building block and synthetic intermediate in the pharmaceutical industries. 1-Phenyl-1-propanol is an intermediate of anti-depressant drug Fluoxetine.

Gepefrine is an orally active pressor agent and sympathomimetic agent. Gepefrine improves the early orthostatic disregulation of the arterial pressure.

Piperidione is a cough sedative.

2-Amino-8-oxononanoic acid is an amino acid, incorporation into proteins in E.coli in genetic. 2-Amino-8-oxononanoic acid is efficient in labeling of proteins with different probes with a site-specific manner under a mild condition close to the physiological pH.

α-HNJNAc is a potent, competitive hexosaminidases inhibitor without interfering with other glycosidases.

PLGA-PEG-NH2 is a material to synthesis nanomicelles. PLGA-PEG-NH2 nanomicelle is an efficient delivery system of Irinotecan for targeted colorectal cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma.

3,5,7-Trihydroxychromone is the analogue of galangin. 3,5,7-Trihydroxychromone is also the binder of bovine serum albumin. 3,5,7-Trihydroxychromone undergoes multiple antioxidant pathways.

Phenosulfazole is an effective antiviral agent. Phenosulfazole has the potential for the research of poliomyelitis virus.

3,5-Dibromotyrosine is a product of protein oxidation by eosinophil peroxidase.

Salicylamide-O-acetic acid is a theophylline solubilizer.

DMNB (6-Nitroveratraldehyde), a precursor, can be used for the synthesis no-carrier-added 6-[18F]fluoro-L-DOPA (6-FDOPA). No-Carrier-Added (NCA) 6-[18F]fluoro-L-dopa (6-FDOPA) is being produced routinely for PET investigations of dopaminergic systems.

Sodium phosphate monobasic monohydrate is a commonly used buffer.

λ-Carrageenan is a seaweed polysaccharide which has been generally used as proinflammatory agent in the basic research. λ-Carrageenan is a potent antitumor agent.

Beta-glucuronidase is an important lysosomal enzyme involved in the degradation of glucuronate-containing glycosaminoglycan.

Calcium alginate is a biopolymer that can be used for developing oral drug-delivery systems. Calcium alginate is a pH sensitive hydrogel stable in acidic media and soluble in basic media.

Serratia marcescens nuclease is a nonspecific nuclease. Serratia marcescens nuclease has broad utility due to its potent digestive activity toward both DNA and RNA.

PAMP-12 is a potent MRGPRX2 (MrgX2) agonist (EC50=20-50 nM). PAMP-12 is an endogenous peptide that elicit hypotension through inhibiting catecholamine secretion from sympathetic nerve endings and adrenal chromaffin cells.

Nangibotide TFA is a TREM-1 receptor inhibitor that can modulate innate immune response. Nangibotide TFA can reduce systemic and in situ inflammatory reaction in rodent models of myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion.

AAK1-IN-2 TFA (compound (S)-31) is a potent, selective and brain-penetrant inhibitor of Adaptor Protein 2-Associated Kinase 1 (AAK1), with an IC50 of 5.8 nM. AAK1-IN-2 TFA can be used for the research of neuropathic pain.

NH2-c[X-R-L-S-X]-K-G-P-(D-1Nal) (compound 39) is a potent APJ agonist, with a Ki of 0.6 nM. NH2-c[X-R-L-S-X]-K-G-P-(D-1Nal) can activate Gαi1 (EC50=0.8 nM) and recruit β-arrestin2 (EC50=31 nM). NH2-c[X-R-L-S-X]-K-G-P-(D-1Nal) exhibits prolonged cardiac effects.

1-SG is an organogelator that consists of a solvatofluorochromic green fluorescence protein (GFP) chromophore and a sugar gelator (SG).

SCP1-IN-1 (compound SH T-62) is a potent and selective covalent inhibitor against SCP1. SCP1-IN-1 promotes REST degradation and reduces transcriptional activity. A high level of REST protein drives the tumor growth in some glioblastoma cells. SCP1-IN-1 has the potential for the research of glioblastoma whose growth is driven by REST transcription activity.

SCP1-IN-2 (Compound SH T-65) is a potent and selective covalent inhibitor against SCP1. SCP1-IN-2 promotes REST degradation and reduces transcriptional activity. A high level of REST protein drives the tumor growth in some glioblastoma cells. SCP1-IN-2 has the potential for the research of glioblastoma whose growth is driven by REST transcription activity.

Angiogenesis agent 1 (compound C-31) is a salidroside-derivated glycoside analogue. Angiogenesis agent 1 is an activator of the HIF-1α pathway. Angiogenesis agent 1 has the potential for the research of diabetic hind limb ischemia.

GG-43 is a potent LIN28 inhibitor with an IC50 of 4 μM for human LIN28A.

20-HC-Me-Pyrrolidine is a potent Aster protein inhibitor with IC50s of 0.11 μM, 0.06 μM, and 0.71 μM for Aster-A, Aster-B, and Aster-C, respectively. 20-HC-Me-Pyrrolidine blocks the ability of Asters to bind and transfer cholesterol. 20-HC-Me-Pyrrolidine also inhibits the movement of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).

AL-GDa62 acts as a potential synthetic lethal lead for the treatment of gastric cancer. AL-GDa62 shows EC50 of 3.2 μM and 2 μM for isogenic mammary epithelial cells MCF10A-WT (wild-type) and MCF10A-CDH1-/-.

ELOVL1-IN-2 is an elongation of very long chain fatty acid 1 (ELOVL1) enzyme inhibitor, ELOVL1-IN-2 shows weak ELOVL1 inhibition (IC50=21 μM) and moderate potency in a primary cellular assay (HEK293 C26 IC50=6.7 μM) .

TT3 is an ionizable cationic amino lipid that has been used in combination with other lipids in the formation of lipid-like nanoparticles (LLNs). Administration of LLNs containing TT3 and encapsulating mRNA encoding human coagulation Factor IX induces human coagulation Factor IX expression in the plasma of mice.

ER-Tracker Red is cell-permeant, live-cell stain that is highly selective for the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).

BSB is a Congo red-derived fluorescent probe. BSB binds not only to extracellular amyloid β protein, but also many intracellular lesions composed of abnormal tau and synuclein proteins. BSB acts as a prototype imaging agent for Alzheimer's disease.

Immune initiator-1 (Compound 1a) is an amino acid-modified near-infrared Aza-BODIPY photosensitizer, acts as an immune initiator for potent photodynamic therapy in melanoma.

ETZ (C3-CA-DTZ) is a promising luciferase substrate (prosubstrate) activatable in vivo by nonspecific esterase to enhance the brain delivery of the luciferin.

Glucosylceramide synthase-IN-1 (T-036) a potent, brain-penetrant and orally active glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) inhibitor with IC50s of 31 nM and 51 nM for human GCS and mouse GCS, respectively. Glucosylceramide synthase-IN-1 can be used for Gaucher's disease research.

AAK1-IN-3 TFA, a quinoline analogue, is a brain-penetrant adaptor protein 2-associated kinase 1 (AAK1) inhibitor with an IC50 of 11 nM. AAK1-IN-3 has the potential for neuropathic pain research.

Deoliosyl-3C-α-L-digitoxosyl-MTM, a compound, shows decreased anti-cancer activity compared to mithramycin.

ZL-Pin01 is a high potent covalent Pin1 (Peptidyl-Prolyl Isomerase NIMA-Interacting-1) inhibitor. ZL-Pin01 shows potent disruption of the Pin1-substrate interaction with an IC50 of 1.33 μM.

Allyl (2-aminoethyl)carbamate hydrochloride is a cleavable linker.

12-Hydroxystearic acid is a structurally simple and cost-effective low molecular weight organogelator, and its metal salts and derivatives find roles in many important applications.

ST638 is a potent tyrosine kinase inhibitor with an IC50 of 370 nM.

ANKRD22-IN-1 is a potent inhibitor of ANKRD22. ANKRD22-IN-1 promotes the expansion of gastrointestinal mucosal epithelial stem cells and indirectly activates the Wnt classical pathway, which helps the recovery of damaged gastrointestinal mucosal tissues in the body (extracted from patent CN111205231B).

Dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) is a surfactant. Dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide interacts with DNA and changes the mechanical properties of DNA on binding and the specific binding parameters of the interaction.

1-Myristin-2-Olein-3-Butyrin (1-Myristoyl-2-Oleoyl-3-Butyryl-rac-glycerol) is a triacylglycerol.

RJ-34, an aristolactam analogue, exhibits potent antitumor activities against a broad array of cancer cell lines with GI50 values in the subnanomolar range (GI50 <0.1 nM for A431, MES-SA, MES-SA/DX5, HCT-15, and HCT-15/CLO2 cells).

pseudouridine-5’-triphosphate (Pseudo-UTP) is one of the most commonly used modified nucleoside for the polymerase-mediated synthesis of RNA molecules. Compared with uridine-containing unmodified mRNAs, the application of pseudouridine-containing modified mRNAs exhibits better nuclease stability, immunogenicity, and translational properties.

(E)-UK122 TFA is the isomer of UK122 TFA. UK122 is a potent and selective urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.2 μM.

Drisapersen, a antisense oligonucleotide, induces exon 51 skipping during dystrophin pre-mRNA splicing and allows synthesis of partially functional dystrophin in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients with amenable mutations.

(Rac)-Neurodegenerative Disorder-Targeting Compound 1 is a calpain inhibitor (extracted from patent WO2010128102A1, compound 63) .

Butyryl-Coenzyme A (Butyryl CoA) sodium is a coenzyme A-containing derivative of Butyric acid. Butyryl-Coenzyme A sodium is responsible for the final step of Butyrate production in bacteria.

MK-1903 is a potent and selective hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 (HCA2, GPR109A) full agonist.

AP24600 is an inactive metabolite of Ponatinib.

11β-HSD1-IN-6 is a an 11β-HSD-1 inhibitor. The 11β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzymes (11β-HSDs) mediate the interconversion of the glucocorticoid (GC) corticosterone or cortisol to an inactive form, 11-dehydrocorticosterone (11-DHC) or Cortisone, respectively.

Bismuth subnitrate (Bismuth(III) oxynitrate) is a bismuth(III) compound that bears significant medical uses (e.g., as an antidiarrheic agent). Bismuth subnitrate is a simple, readily available and effective catalyst for the Markovnikov-type hydration of terminal acetylenes.

ML089 is a potent, selective, and orally available phosphomannose isomerase (PMI) inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.3 µM. ML089 can be used for the research of congenital disorder of glycosylation Ia.

hGPR91 antagonist 3 (Compound 5g) is a potent, selective, and orally active antagonist of hGPR91 (%F: 26). hGPR91 antagonist 3 has the potential for the research of hypertension, autoimmune disease and retinal angiogenesis.

GSK854 is a potent Inhibitor of Troponin I-Interacting Kinase (TNNI3K). GSK854 is a suitable lead for identifying new cardiac medicines and have been employed as in vivo tools in investigational studies aimed at defining the role of TNNI3K within heart failure.

XA-E is a compound purified from a methanol-ethyl acetate extract from A. keiskei. XA-E displays anti-ZIKV activity with an IC50 value of 22.0 µM.

JW480 is a potent and selective inhibitor of a serine hydrolase enzyme KIAA1363.

N-Palmitoyl dopamine (PALDA) is a endogenous, long-chain, linear fatty acid dopamide, which is inactive on TRPV1. N-Palmitoyl dopamine displays 'entourage' effects on endovanilloids N-arachidonoyl-dopamine (NADA) and anandamide.

2'-Deoxy-5-formylcytidine is an effective internal triplet photosensitizer in DNA. 2'-Deoxy-5-formylcytidine could act as a new hot spot in DNA photodamage.

Phenanthriplatin is a monovalent platinum(II)-based complex with a large cytotoxicity against cancer cells.

SGC agonist 1 is a potent agonist of soluble guanylate cyclase (SGC). SGC agonist 1 improves solubility combined with high cell permeability. SGC agonist 1 has the potential for the research of cardiovascular disease (extracted from patent WO2016030354A1, compound 18A).

S(-)-Bisoprolol fumarate is a S(-)-enantiomer of Bisoprolol fumarate. Bisoprolol fumarate is a potent, selective and orally active β1-adrenergic receptor blocker. Bisoprolol has little activity on β2-receptor and has the potential for hypertension, coronary artery disease and stable ventricular dysfunction research.

N1-Methylpseudouridine-5′-triphosphate (N1-Me-Pseudo UTP) is a nucleobase-modified nucleotide, used for synthesizing mRNA with reduced immunogenicity and improved stability.

BEC2 is an ester derivative of Baicalin, with good lipid-lowering activity. BEC2 can direct activate the carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A).

CKK-E12 is a ionizable lipid in combination with other lipids make up the lipid nanoparticles which are used to deliver RNA-based therapeutics. cKK-E12 was highly selective toward liver parenchymal cell in vivo.Multitail lipids usually have three or more tails and tend to form more cone-shaped structures due to the increase of tail crosssection, which enhances the endosome escape and mRNA delivery efficiency.CKK-E12 is an ionizable lipid with four lipid tails and diketopiperazine core-based head. It has shown excellent efficiency in delivering CRISPR-Cas9 mRNA and sgRNA.cKK-E12 iLNPs encapsulated mRNA was used to investigate the effect of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on iLNPsmediated mRNA delivery, and it has been demonstrated that the targeting, safety and efficacy of iLNPs are closely related to disease state. In other words, even though iLNP delivers therapeutic mRNA to a given cell type in one disease state, it is not guaranteed to deliver mRNA to the same cell type in another disease. As same as MC3 and C12-200, CKK-E12 is also used to be a positive control ionizable lipid when exploiting new ionizable lipids.

L-343 is an ionizable cationic lipidoid and can be used to synthetic liposomes for systemic delivery of RNAi therapeutics, Pka: 6.34.L343, with its sterically hindered tert-butyl esters, exhibited slower elimination from plasma and higher and more persistent levels in liver compared with L319.

NaPi2b-IN-1 is a potent and orally active inhibitor of sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 2b (NaPi2b) with an IC50 of 64 nM. NaPi2b is primarily expressed in the small intestine, lungs, and testes and plays an important role in phosphate homeostasis. NaPi2b-IN-1 has the potential for the research of hyperphosphatemia.

Pyruvate Carboxylase-IN-2 (compound 29) is a potent inhibitor of pyruvate carboxylase (PC) with IC50s of 0.065 and 0.097 μM in cell lysate-based and cell-based PC activity, respectively. Pyruvate Carboxylase-IN-2 is a natural analog of erianin. Pyruvate Carboxylase-IN-2 inhibites the enzymatic activity of PC, mediating the anticancer effect in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

5-Cyclopropylpentanal is an olfactory receptor agonist. 5-Cyclopropylpentanal enhance OR-I7 activation with an EC50 of 0.3 μM.

Bipyridine is a potent, orally active, and specific inhibitor of ABL kinase. Bipyridine has potential for elucidating the role of ABL kinases in the brain in non-clinical studies.

7-Methoxycoumarin-3-carboxylic acid, SE can be used for the synthesis of hydrophilic dye compound 12. Compound 12 shows a homogeneous distribution inside the cell and represents a suitable probe for viscosity measurements in the cytoplasm.

503O13 is a degradable lipid-like compound for siRNA delivery.

Rovalpituzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody against delta-like protein 3 (DLL3). Rovalpituzumab can be used in the synthesis of antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), Rovalpituzumab Tesirine. Rovalpituzumab has activity against small cell lung cancer (SCLC).

(2R)-Glycerol-O-β-D-galactopyranoside (3-O-β-D-Galactopyranosyl-sn-glycerol) is a good substrate for all three components of the lac operon, i.e. β-galactosidase, the lactose transporter and thiogalactoside transacetylase.

(S)-JNJ-54166060 is an enantiomer of JNJ 54166060. JNJ 54166060 is a potent P2X7 antagonist.

SSTR4 agonist 2 is a potent agonist of somatostatin receptor subtype 4 (SSTR4). SSTR4 pathway inhibits nociceptive and inflammatory processes. SSTR4 agonist 2 has the potential for the research of medical disorders related to SSTR4 (extracted from patent WO2014184275A1, compound 107).

TDRL-551 is a potent replication protein A (RPA) inhibitor (IC50=18 µM). TDRL-551 inhibits RPA-DNA interaction and increases the efficacy of Platinum (Pt)-based chemotherapy in lung and ovarian cancer. RPA plays essential roles in both nucleotide excision repair (NER) and homologous recombination (HR), along with its role in DNA replication and DNA damage checkpoint activation.

Baliforsen (sodium) is an antisense oligonucleotide (16 nucleotides) designed to target myotonic dystrophy protein kinase (DMPK) mRNA and treat myotonic dystrophy.

CCT245232 is a potent inhibitor of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1). HSF1 is the master regulator of the heat shock response, in which multiple genes are induced in response to temperature increase and other stresses. CCT245232 has the potential for the research of proliferative diseases, such as cancer (extracted from patent WO2015049535A1).

GSK-1482160 isomer is the isomer of GSK-1482160. GSK1482160 is a potent P2X7 antagonist with excellent biological activity.

Baliforsen is an antisense oligonucleotide (16 nucleotides) designed to target myotonic dystrophy protein kinase (DMPK) mRNA and treat myotonic dystrophy.

1-Methyl-1,4-dihydronicotinamide is a derivative of nicotinamide.

MNITMT is a more potent immunosuppressive agent without bone marrow toxicity.

PP-biotin is an irreversible, biotin-labeled probe.

AAK1-IN-3, a quinoline analogue, is a brain-penetrant adaptor protein 2-associated kinase 1 (AAK1) inhibitor with an IC50 of 11 nM. AAK1-IN-3 has the potential for neuropathic pain research.

AAK1-IN-2 (compound (S)-31) is a potent, selective and brain-penetrant inhibitor of Adaptor Protein 2-Associated Kinase 1 (AAK1), with an IC50 of 5.8 nM. AAK1-IN-2 can be used for the research of neuropathic pain.

Zinquin AM ester is an AM ester form of Zinquin. Zinquin, a fluorescent dye, is a commonly used sensor for cellular Zn2+ status.

AAK1-IN-5 is a highly selective, CNS-penetrable, and orally active adaptor protein-2-associated kinase 1 (AAK1) inhibitor (AAK1 IC50 of 1.2 nM, Filt Ki of 0.05 nM, and cell IC50 of 0.5 nM). AAK1-IN-4 has the potential for the research for neuropathic pain.

AGD-0182 is a microtubule disrupting agent. AGD-0182 is a synthetic analogue of the naturally occurring tubulin-binding molecule Dolastatin 10.

5A2-SC8 is a dendrimer for miRNA delivery to late-stage liver tumors with low hepatotoxicity. 5A2-SC8 shows potent EC50 < 0.02 mg/kg (siRNA against FVII (siFVII)) in dose-response experiments, and well tolerated in separate toxicity studies in chronically ill mice bearing MYC-driven tumors. 5A2-SC8 is a degradable lipid-like compound (ester-based dendrimer) for small RNAs delivery.5A2-SC8, was obtained by screening a large library of more than 1500 ester-based dendrimers containing ionizable amino groups, which have three tertiary amine heads and five lipid tails. Based on this library, the in vitro transfection efficiency of different formulations of 5A2-SC8 iLNPs was evaluated, discovering the optimal formulation (5A2-SC8, DOPE, cholesterol, PEG at a molar ratio of 15:15:30:3) of 5A2-SC8 iLNPs for delivering fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (FAH) mRNA to liver.After the intravenous injection via tail, the model mice of hepatorenal tyrosinemia type I had strong FAH protein expression, which prevented body weight loss and increased the survival rate of hepatorenal tyrosinemia mice . In addition to introducing utility of 5A2-SC8 iLNPs for the therapeutic intervention, the 5A2-SC8 iLNPs containing DOTAP have been used to establish complex mouse models via intravenous injection, including in situ liverspecific cancer model and in situ lung-specific cancer model. Based on this iLNPs delivery system, 5A2-SC8 induced model construction method overcomes the time-consuming and costly disadvantages of traditional animal models establishing methods, including transgenesis and gene engineering in embryonic stem cells.

OF-02 (OF-2) is an alkenyl amino alcohol (AAA) ionizable lipid for highly potent in vivo mRNA delivery.Alkenyl amino alcohols (AAA) are a functional group found in sphingosine and other bioactive molecules. It was used to prepare AAA-based ionizable lipids through ring-opening reactions between alkenyl epoxides (AEs) and polyamine cores. These AAA-based iLNPs could promote high-level protein expression Therefore, AAA-based ionizable lipids OF-00, OF-01, OF-02, and OF-03 were prepared. The results of in vivo delivery of human erythropoietin (hEPO) mRNA showed that the AAA ionizable lipid OF-02 with the linoleic acid derivative could effectively deliver hEPO mRNA. Compared with the positive control CKK-E12, OF-02 showed an increased ability to induce serum EPO protein expression by nearly twofold (Figure 7b). Likewise, it outperformed two benchmark ionizable lipids (503013 and C12-200) in the nucleic acid delivery field. Furthermore, the mRNA delivered by OF-02 iLNPs was mainly in vivo.translated into the liver. The liver-targeting ability of OF-02 iLNPs improves their delivery efficiency. Therefore, the OF-02 iLNPs may become excellent delivery vehicles for the treatment of liver diseases without other side effects of damage to other organs during the treatment

2-Chlorohexadecanoic acid, an inflammatory lipid mediator, interferes with protein palmitoylation,induces ER-stress markers, reduced the ER ATP content, and activates transcription and secretion of IL-6 as well as IL-8.2-Chlorohexadecanoic acid disrupts the mitochondrial membrane potential and induces procaspase-3 and PARP cleavage.2-Chlorohexadecanoic acid can across blood-brain barrier (BBB) and compromises ER- and mitochondrial functions in the human brain endothelial cell line hCMEC/D3.

Phenyl sulfamate is a nitrogen source that can be used in the amination of intermolecular.

(+)-Coclaurine ((+)-(R)-Coclaurine) hydrochloride, benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid isolated from a variety of plant sources. (+)-Coclaurine hydrochloride has anti-aging activity.

HDP 30.1699, the derivative of α-Amanitin，shows considerable cross-links. The cysteine residues of the anti-HER2 THIOMAB antibody are used for conjugation of the cysteine reactive linker–Amanitin compound, HDP 30.1699, with a cleavable linker by maleimide chemistry.