Protein kinase inhibitor 6 is a protein kinase inhibitor.

CDK9-IN-15 (compound 50) is a potent CDK9 inhibitor.

PARP-1-IN-2 (compound 11g) is a potent and BBB-penetrated PARP1 inhibitor, with an IC50 of 149 nM. PARP1-IN-2 shows significantly potent anti-proliferative activity against Human lung adenocarcinoma epithelial cell line A549. PARP1-IN-2 can induce A549 cells apoptosis.

M4 mAChR agonist-1 (compound 10a) is a potent M4 mAChR agonist with an EC50 >10 μM for human M4.

HIF1-IN-3 (compound F4) is a potent HIF1 inhibitor with an EC50 value of 0.9 μM. HIF1-IN-3 can be used for researching anticancer.

PARP1-IN-8 (compound 11c) is a potent and BBB-penetrated PARP1 inhibitor, with an IC50 of 97 nM. PARP1-IN-8 shows significantly potent anti-proliferative activity against Human lung adenocarcinoma epithelial cell line A549.

JAMM protein inhibitor 2 (compound 180) is a potent JAMM protease inhibitor with IC50s of 10 μM, 46 μM and 89 μM for thrombin, Rpn11 and MMP2, respectively. JAMM protein inhibitor 2 can be used for researching anticancer

Sirtuin modulator 7 is a sirtuin-modulating compound which may increase the lifespan of a cell, and may be used for research of diseases or disorders related to aging or stress, diabetes, obesity, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular disease, blood clotting disorders, inflammation, cancer, and flushing which would benefit from increased mitochondrial activity.

HIV-IN-6 is a HIV-Ⅰ viral replication inhibitor by targeting Src family kinases (SFK) that interact with Nef protein of the virus, such as Hck.

CFTR corrector 9 (compound 42) is a cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator. CFTR corrector 9 can be used for researching cystic fibrosis (CF) and other CFTR associated disorders.

inhibition of hedgehog signaling and phosphodiesterase; inhibition of hedgehog signaling and phosphodiesterase.

altering the lifespan of a eukaryotic organism; inhibitor of protein kinases;

increasing ion transport by mutant-CFTR; altering the lifespan of a eukaryotic organism;

Inhibitors of Glutathione S-Transferase Omega 1

SIRT2-IN-9 (compound 12) is a selective inhibitor of SRIT2 with an IC50 value of 1.3 μM. SIRT2-IN-9 inhibits proliferative activity of MCF-7 breast cancer cells. SIRT2-IN-9 can be used for the research of cancer.

serine/threonine kinase inhibitors

11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type I modulator; sodium channel inhibitors.

altering the lifespan of a eukaryotic organism; PfENR inhibitor;

Pin1 ligands; Mycobacterium tuberculosis shikimate kinase inhibitors;

Aminopeptidase-IN-1 (compound 16o) is a potent insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP) inhibitor with an Ki value of 7.7 μM. Aminopeptidase-IN-1 can be used tor research cognitive and memory impairments.

microRNA-21-IN-2 is a potential miR-21 inhibitor with an AC50 value of 3.29 μM. microRNA-21-IN-2 can be used for the research of cancer.

modulating CFTR activity; restore E-cadherin expression in the SW620 colon adenocarcinoma cell line; altering the lifespan of a eukaryotic organism;

FGIN 1-43 is an effective and specific ligand for the mitochondrial diazepam binding inhibitor (DBI) receptor (related to the production of neurosteroids). FGIN 1-43 enhances the transmission of GABA by inducing the production of neurosteroids, which can be used for research on anti-anxiety.

CTP inhibitor; Inhibitor of the mitochondrial citrate transport protein;

Wnt/β-catenin agonist 4 (Derivative 83) is an agonist of Wnt that activates Wnt/β-catenin signal transmission.

TC HSD 21 is a potent 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 3 (17β-HSD3) inhibitor with an IC50 of 14 nM. TC HSD 21 shows excellent selectivity over 17β-HSD isoenzymes and nuclear receptors.

11b-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 inhibitor

ROCK Inhibitor; inhibitor of ROCK, ERK, GSK, and AGC protein kinases;

Antitumor histone acetyl transferase inhibitors; modulator of acetyltransferase/deacetylase activity; sirtuin modulators; sirtuin modulators; sirtuin modulators; sirtuin modulators; sirtuin modulators;

Transketolase-IN-4 is a potent transketolase inhibitor (IC50=3.9 μM). Transketolase-IN-4 inhibits tumor cell proliferation of SW620, LS174T, and MIA PaCa-2. Transketolase-IN-4 is a possible Mycobacterium tuberculosis DXS inhibitor, with an IC50 value of 114.1 μM.

BMY 14802 is a sigma-1 receptor (σ1R) antagonist, as well as an agonist at serotonin (5-HT) 1A and adrenergic alpha-1 receptors. BMY 14802 inhibits abnormal involuntary movement (AIM) in rat Parkinson's disease (PD) model, with down-regulating the expression of AIM.

inhibitor of lethal toxin pathway; useful for modulating hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor activity;

DAPK-IN-2 is a DAPK inhibitor. DAPK-IN-2 can be used for the research of cerebral infarction and ischemic diseases.

altering the lifespan of a eukaryotic organism; PPAR modulator;

4-Hydroxyretinoic acid (4-HRA) is a naturally occurring retinoid derivative with diverse biological effects. 4-Hydroxyretinoic acid is formed from retinol catalyzed by cytochrome P-450 isozyme(s), and is mainly metabolized by the liver in the body. 4-Hydroxyretinoic acid also serves as the substrate for human liver microsomal UDP-glucuronosyltransferase(s) and recombinant UGT2B7. 4-Hydroxyretinoic acid regulates gene expression and cell differentiation via binding to nuclear receptor RAR (Retinoic Acid Receptor), and activates RARs and RXR-alpha, to induce cancer cell apoptosis. In addition, 4-Hydroxyretinoic acid is also involved in various physiological processes such as immune regulation, neuroprotection, and anti-oxidation.

TC-F2 is a reversible non-covalent binding inhibitor of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) with an IC50 of 28 nM. FAAH is involved in many human diseases, particularly cancer, pain and inflammation as well as neurological, metabolic and cardiovascular disorders.

altering the lifespan of a eukaryotic organism; antibacterial agent;

BTK ligand 1 (compound 1) is a ligand targeting Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (Btk). BTK ligand 1 can combine with E3 ligase ligand (Ligand for E3 Ligase) through PROTAC Linker to form PROTAC. PROTACs targeting Btk can be used in the study of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and other BK cell malignancies.

SNX7 is a Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor (CDKI) pathway inhibitor. SNX7 can be used for research of senescence-related and other CDKI-related diseases.

DpC is an anti-tumor agent. DpC inhibits cancer cell proliferation (IC50: 0.007-0.096 渭M). DpC synergizes with multiple anti-cancer therapeutics.

NMDAR/TRPM4-IN-2 (compound 8) is a potent NMDAR/TRPM4 interaction interface inhibitor. NMDAR/TRPM4-IN-2 shows neuroprotective activity. NMDAR/TRPM4-IN-2 prevents NMDA-induced cell death and mitochondrial dysfunction in hippocampal neurons, with an IC50 of 2.1 μM. NMDAR/TRPM4-IN-2 protects mice from MCAO-induced brain damage and NMDA-induced retinal ganglion cell loss.

Soretolide is an orally active benzamide derivative with anticonvulsant effects and a similar profile of activity to carbamazepine

Indantadol is a novel NMDA antagonist and nonselective MAO inhibitor for the potential treatment of neuropathic pain.

Propoxycaine hydrochloride inhibits voltage-gated sodium channels, and thereby inhibits the ionic flux required for the initiation and conduction of impulses. Propoxycaine hydrochloride application can lead to a loss of sensation.

Benzamil (Benzylamiloride), an Amiloride analogue, is a Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) inhibitor (IC50~100 nM). Benzamil also is a non-selective Deg/epithelial sodium channels (ENaC) blocker, and can potentiate myogenic vasoconstriction. Benzamil inhibits TRPP3-mediated Ca2+-activated currents, with an IC50 of 1.1 μM.

F-14512 is a DNA topoisomerase II inhibitor potentially for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.

Sultosilic acid, piperazine salt is a lipid lowering drug. It causes significant shortening of the euglobulin lysis time and a significant diminution of platelet adhesiveness, as well as statistically significant decrease of total cholesterol, triglycerides, beta- and pre-beta-cholesterol and an increase of alpha-cholesterol.

Isothiouronium is a functional group with the formula [RSC(NH2)2]+ (R = alkyl, aryl) and is the acid salt of isothiourea.

BMS-986189 is a potent macrocyclic peptide-derived PD-L1 antagonist with Kd of less than 10 pM against both human and cynomolgus monkey PD-L1.

18F-BMS-986229 is a macrocyclic PD-L1 peptide PET ligand with high radiochemical purity and high specific activity for imaging PD-L1. 18F-BMS-986229 exhibits low background signals in non-PD-L1 expressing organs and generates high signals to noise ratios within PD-L1( +) tissues (tumors and NHP spleen).

Phospholipids DSPE belong to the lipid family of biopolymers. Phospholipids consist of two fatty acids, a glycerol unit, a phosphate group, and a polar molecule. The phosphate groups and polar head regions of the molecule are hydrophilic (attracted to water), while the fatty acid tail is hydrophobic (repelled by water). When placed in water, the phospholipids Orient themselves into a double layer, where the non-polar tail region faces the inner region of the double layer. The polar head region faces outward and interacts with the water. Applications in drug release, nanotechnology and new materials research, cell culture. As well as ligand research, peptide synthesis support, grafted polymer compounds, new materials and pegylated modified functional coatings and other active compounds.

Phospholipids DSPE belong to the lipid family of biopolymers. Phospholipids consist of two fatty acids, a glycerol unit, a phosphate group, and a polar molecule. The phosphate groups and polar head regions of the molecule are hydrophilic (attracted to water), while the fatty acid tail is hydrophobic (repelled by water). When placed in water, the phospholipids Orient themselves into a double layer, where the non-polar tail region faces the inner region of the double layer. The polar head region faces outward and interacts with the water. Applications in drug release, nanotechnology and new materials research, cell culture. As well as ligand research, peptide synthesis support, grafted polymer compounds, new materials and pegylated modified functional coatings and other active compounds.

Phospholipids DSPE belong to the lipid family of biopolymers. Phospholipids consist of two fatty acids, a glycerol unit, a phosphate group, and a polar molecule. The phosphate groups and polar head regions of the molecule are hydrophilic (attracted to water), while the fatty acid tail is hydrophobic (repelled by water). When placed in water, the phospholipids Orient themselves into a double layer, where the non-polar tail region faces the inner region of the double layer. The polar head region faces outward and interacts with the water. Applications in drug release, nanotechnology and new materials research, cell culture. As well as ligand research, peptide synthesis support, grafted polymer compounds, new materials and pegylated modified functional coatings and other active compounds.

Phospholipids DSPE belong to the lipid family of biopolymers. Phospholipids consist of two fatty acids, a glycerol unit, a phosphate group, and a polar molecule. The phosphate groups and polar head regions of the molecule are hydrophilic (attracted to water), while the fatty acid tail is hydrophobic (repelled by water). When placed in water, the phospholipids Orient themselves into a double layer, where the non-polar tail region faces the inner region of the double layer. The polar head region faces outward and interacts with the water. Applications in drug release, nanotechnology and new materials research, cell culture. As well as ligand research, peptide synthesis support, grafted polymer compounds, new materials and pegylated modified functional coatings and other active compounds.

Phospholipids DSPE belong to the lipid family of biopolymers. Phospholipids consist of two fatty acids, a glycerol unit, a phosphate group, and a polar molecule. The phosphate groups and polar head regions of the molecule are hydrophilic (attracted to water), while the fatty acid tail is hydrophobic (repelled by water). When placed in water, the phospholipids Orient themselves into a double layer, where the non-polar tail region faces the inner region of the double layer. The polar head region faces outward and interacts with the water. Applications in drug release, nanotechnology and new materials research, cell culture. As well as ligand research, peptide synthesis support, grafted polymer compounds, new materials and pegylated modified functional coatings and other active compounds.

Phospholipids DSPE belong to the lipid family of biopolymers. Phospholipids consist of two fatty acids, a glycerol unit, a phosphate group, and a polar molecule. The phosphate groups and polar head regions of the molecule are hydrophilic (attracted to water), while the fatty acid tail is hydrophobic (repelled by water). When placed in water, the phospholipids Orient themselves into a double layer, where the non-polar tail region faces the inner region of the double layer. The polar head region faces outward and interacts with the water. Applications in drug release, nanotechnology and new materials research, cell culture. As well as ligand research, peptide synthesis support, grafted polymer compounds, new materials and pegylated modified functional coatings and other active compounds.

DSPE-Biotin is a lipid. DSPE-Biotin can be used for the research of various biochemical.

Modified phospholipid products: it is to modify the amino group (primary amino group) -NH3 at the end of DSPE into NHS, COOH, N3, MAL, Thiol (SH), OPSS, FITC, FA, Biotin and other different active groups. Phospholipids DSPE belong to the lipid family of biopolymers. Phospholipids consist of two fatty acids, a glycerol unit, a phosphate group, and a polar molecule. The phosphate groups and polar head regions of the molecule are hydrophilic (attracted to water), while the fatty acid tail is hydrophobic (repelled by water). When placed in water, the phospholipids Orient themselves into a double layer, where the non-polar tail region faces the inner region of the double layer. The polar head region faces outward and interacts with the water.

Phosphatidyl amino DSPE-NH2 is one of the most common materials in polymer modification. By grafting phospholipid bonds to amino molecules, polymeric polymers with different chain segments are formed by using phospholipid molecules, which reduces the thermal stability and weather resistance of the materials. At the same time, by introducing modifiers to improve the water resistance of the polymer itself, improve its processing performance, and finally obtain good water resistance, high mechanical properties, good weather resistance, good acid and alkali resistance products. DSPE-NH2 material is mainly composed of isopropyl alcohol butadiene, the isopropyl alcohol butadiene mixture is an aromatic polymer, with strong water absorption, hydrophilicity, and wide molecular weight distribution, good solubility, high mechanical strength characteristics, so the material can be used in many fields.

ICG indocyanine green is a three carbon cyanine dye with good water solubility and a molecular weight of 775. Indocyanine green can almost completely bind to plasma proteins in plasma and whole blood, ensuring that it remains almost completely in Xueguan and is not easily diffused outward. Indocyanine green (ICG) is a near-infrared imaging reagent currently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for clinical use. ICG is a three carbon cyanine dye with near-infrared characteristic absorption peaks, emission wavelengths between 795 and 845nm, and has amphiphilic structures that are both hydrophilic and lipophilic. Near infrared light has a greater penetration depth in tissues and is less affected by biological tissue background, Due to its near-infrared absorption and emission fluorescence characteristics, ICG can be used as an excellent tissue penetrating agent in vivo.

AP30663 is a KCa2 channel inhibitor that can be used for the study of atrial fibrillation[1].

NT-0249 is an orally active NLRP3 inhibitor. NT-0249 has anti-inflammatory activity[1]

GLPG2737 is a potent Type 2 Corrector of CFTR for the Treatment of Cystic Fibrosis in Combination with a Potentiator and a Type 1 Co-corrector.

BIO-7488 is a potent, selective, oral active and CNS-penetrant IRAK4 inhibitor with the IC50 of 0.6 nM and > 30 μM for IRAK4 and hERG, respectively.

NMD670 is an orally bioavailable skeletal muscle-specific chloride ion channel (ClC-1) inhibitor. NMD670 showed to restore muscle function in rat models of myasthenia gravis (MG).

VVD-133214 is a covalent allosteric inhibitor of WRN helicase with potent cellular TE50 in both human and mouse WRN helicase DNA unwinding assays. VVD-133214 potently inhibits cell growth in MSI-H HCT-116 cells with GI50 of  0.066 μM but in neither MSS SW480 nor HCT-116 WRN C727A mutant cells.

3β-[N-(N′,N′-Dimethylaminoethyl)carbamoyl]cholesterol, a lipid, has been investigated in cancer gene therapy and vaccine delivery system.

DSPE-PEG Carboxylic acid (sodium), MW 2000 is a PEG-lipid that can be used to form micelles as nanoparticles for drug delivery. DSPE-PEG Carboxylic acid (sodium), MW 2000 increases the blood circulation time of liposomes.

NHS PEG DSPE can be easily incorporated into liposomes and other nanoparticles through the reaction of NHS with amine. DSPE peg NHS is one of the most commonly used reactive phospholipids that bind antibodies, proteins, peptides or other substrates to the surface of liposomes and other lipid peg nanoparticles. Pegylated phospholipids have longer blood circulation time and higher encapsulation molecular stability. We have developed a series of chemically reactive phospholipid peg products with high purity, various molecular weights and excellent chemical reactivity. These lipid peg conjugates exhibit excellent amphiphilic properties and provide superior advantages for the modification, preparation and transportation of small and large molecules.

DSPE-PEG-SH, MW 2000 is a pegylated phospholipid with thiol group which is reactive with maleimide to form a covalent thioether linkage. The amphiphatic polymer can form lipid bilayer in aqueous solution and be used to encapsulate agents for drug delivery system, such as mRNA vaccine.

DSPE-PEG-Biotin (MW 1000) is a PEG-based PROTAC linker

Phospholipid polyethylene glycol folate (dspe-peg-fa), carboxyl group and amino group form amide bond. This reaction makes folate ligand attach to protein, antibody, peptide or particle surface. Pegylated folate has good water solubility and bioactivity. Folate functionalized substrates have been used for targeted drug delivery, imaging and bioassay. DSPE (1,2-distearyl-sn-glycerin-3-phosphate ethanolamine) is a saturated 18 carbon phospholipid, which is commonly used in the synthesis of liposomes. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) - coupled DSPE is hydrophilic and can be used for drug delivery, gene transfection and biomolecular modification.

FAPI46 is a quinoline-based fibroblast activation protein (FAP)-targeted radiotracer. FAPI-46 has higher tumor uptake and prolonged tumor accumulation. FAPI 46 can be used for tumor imaging of a multitude of different cancers.

DSPE-PEG-OH, MW 2000 is a PEG-based PROTAC linker that can be used in the synthesis of PROTACs. Additionally, DSPE-PEG-OH, MW 2000 can also be used for drug delivery.

DSPE-PEG-FITC, is a fluorescein attached PEG lipid. It can be used to prepare liposomes as drug carrier in targeted drug delivery. The polymer is modified with fluorescein (green) dye which can be used for staining cells, tissues, biomarkers, or nanoparticles.

DSPE-PEG-FITC is a fluorescein attached PEG lipid. It can be used to prepare liposomes as drug carrier in targeted drug delivery. The polymer is modified with fluorescein (green) dye which can be used for staining cells, tissues, biomarkers, or nanoparticles.

Long circulating liposomes were obtained by modifying the surface of liposomes with polyethylene glycol, which could prolong the half-life of liposomes, improve its stability in blood circulation, and change the biological distribution of liposomes.

2-Distearoyl-sn-Glycero-3-Phosphoethanolamine(DSPE) conjugated polyethylene glycol is a combination of phospholipid and polyethylene glycol, which has hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity. Polyethylene glycol phospholipid liposomes can be used for drug delivery, gene transfection and vaccine delivery. Pegylated phospholipids can significantly improve blood circulation time and stabilize drug encapsulation. These materials can also be used for targeted drug delivery by modifying ligands with target surfaces such as antibodies and peptides,Liposomes.

The diselenide bond is an important chemical bond formed by two selenium atoms sharing a pair of electrons. Because the electronegativity of selenium atom is low, the bond energy of diselenide bond is low, so it has the characteristics of strong reactivity and easy to break. In polymer materials, the dynamic chemical properties of diselenide bond make it have a wide application prospect. The dynamic chemical properties of diselenide bond are mainly manifested in its easy fracture and formation. In polymer materials, diselenide bond fracture can be achieved by external stimuli (such as light, heat, electricity, etc.) or chemical reactions. For example, through the action of photosensitizer initiator, polymer materials containing diselenide bonds can be broken under ultraviolet irradiation, so as to achieve controlled degradation of materials. In addition to breaking, diselenide bonds can also form new bonds. In polymer materials, diselenide bonds can form new bonds by free radical reaction or nucleophilic substitution reaction. For example, through free radical reactions, polymer materials containing diselenide bonds can be reacted with other free radical reactants to form new bonds and achieve cross-linking or modification of materials. In addition, diselenide bonds can also form new bonds through nucleophilic substitution reactions, such as in the presence of nucleophilic reagents, diselenide bonds can be replaced, so as to achieve the functionalization or modification of materials.

Phospholipids are commonly used polymeric gene carriers. DSPE with high molecular weight can effectively compound DNA, and has strong buffered capacity under endosomal pH conditions, showing good transfection efficiency for a variety of cells. However,DAPE is not easily degraded, and high molecular weight DAPE as a gene carrier may lead to short - or long-term cytotoxicity.

Phospholipids are commonly used polymeric gene carriers. DSPE with high molecular weight can effectively compound DNA, and has strong buffered capacity under endosomal pH conditions, showing good transfection efficiency for a variety of cells. However,DAPE is not easily degraded, and high molecular weight DAPE as a gene carrier may lead to short - or long-term cytotoxicity.

ABBV-CLS-484 (AC-484) is a novel PTPN2/N1 inhibitor with IC50 of 2.2 nM. AC-484 improves oral bioavailability across different species.

Oclacitinib, also known as PF03394197, is a novel Janus kinase inhibitor with activity against cytokines involved in allergy. Oclacitinib inhibited JAK family members by 50% at concentrations (IC50 's) ranging from 10 to 99 nM and did not inhibit a panel of 38 non-JAK kinases (IC50 's > 1000 nm). Oclacitinib was most potent at inhibiting JAK1 (IC50 = 10 nm). Oclacitinib also inhibited the function of JAK1-dependent cytokines involved in allergy and inflammation (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-13) as well as pruritus (IL-31) at IC50 's ranging from 36 to 249 nM.

The polymer with ketone mercaptan as the fragment can form the shell of the nanocore, and simultaneously contain the polyorubicin and light sensitive compounds to achieve dual roles. Ketothiol polymers can also be used directly as drug carriers to contain paclitaxel ROS responsive groups, often in combination with a variety of methods. ROS, as the connecting part, connects the hydrophilic part and the hydrophobic part of the nanocarrier. When the nanocarrier encounters ROS, it breaks and releases drugs: the ROS responsive group can also act as the part connecting drug molecules and nanocarriers to release drugs under oxidation. Common ROS responsive groups generally contain sulfur, boron and tellurium. In addition, in order to inactivate the protein, ROS responsive groups can also be used to block the active center of the protein. Common ROS responsive genes include: polypropylene sulfide, borate, thione, tellurium, selenium, ferrocene, anthocyanins, etc.

The polymer with ketone mercaptan as the fragment can form the shell of the nanocore, and simultaneously contain the polyorubicin and light sensitive compounds to achieve dual roles. Ketothiol polymers can also be used directly as drug carriers to contain paclitaxel ROS responsive groups, often in combination with a variety of methods. ROS, as the connecting part, connects the hydrophilic part and the hydrophobic part of the nanocarrier. When the nanocarrier encounters ROS, it breaks and releases drugs: the ROS responsive group can also act as the part connecting drug molecules and nanocarriers to release drugs under oxidation. Common ROS responsive groups generally contain sulfur, boron and tellurium. In addition, in order to inactivate the protein, ROS responsive groups can also be used to block the active center of the protein. Common ROS responsive genes include: polypropylene sulfide, borate, thione, tellurium, selenium, ferrocene, anthocyanins, etc.

DSPE-m-PEG-NHS (MW 3400) is a pegylated phospholipid derivatives which can be used to prepare liposome or lipid nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery system, such as DNA or mRNA vaccine.

DOPE-PEG is a versatile phospholipid derivative with unique properties that make it suitable for various applications. Its hydrophobic and hydrophilic nature enables efficient encapsulation and delivery of drugs and nucleic acids, making it a valuable tool in drug delivery systems and gene therapy. Additionally, DOPE-PEG can enhance the stability and circulation time of liposomes, improving their efficacy as drug carriers.

Bovine serum albumin (BSA), a globulin in bovine serum, contains 607 amino acid residues with a molecular weight of 66.446KDa and an isoelectric point of 4.7. Bovine serum albumin has been widely used in biochemical experiments. The total length of BSA precursor protein is 607 amino acids. The precursor protein removes 18 signaling peptides and 6 propeptides from the N terminal to form a mature BSA protein with 583 amino acids and a molecular weight of about 66.5kDa. The surface of BSA contains a large number of carboxyl and amino groups, which can be used to bind the activated groups on the surface, and can be used as a carrier of small molecules. BSA is coupled with antibodies to form carrier-haptens conjugate.

Heparin, named after its discovery in the liver, is a mucopolysaccharide sulfate composed of glucosamine, L-idosaccharide, n-acetylglucosamine and D-glucuronic acid, with an average molecular weight of 15KDa and a strong acid. It is also found in tissues such as lungs and intestinal mucosa, and is a natural anticoagulant in animals. Naturally occurring in mast cells, it is now mainly extracted from the mucous membrane of the bovine lung or the small intestine of pigs. As an anticoagulant, it is a polymer formed by alternating connection of two polysaccharides, which has kang ningxue effect both in vivo and in vitro. Mainly used for extracorporeal circulation, hemodialysis and so on. With the development of pharmacology and clinical medicine, the application of heparin continues to expand.

Serum protein is the most abundant protein in plasma. Each protein molecule can carry seven fatty acid molecules. These fatty acid molecules bind to gaps in the protein, where their carbon-rich tails are buried safely away from surrounding water molecules. Serum proteins can also carry many other molecules that are insoluble in water. Serum proteins, in particular, can carry many drug molecules, such as ibuprofen. Human serum albumin (HSA) is a highly water-soluble globular monomer plasma protein with a relative molecular weight of 67KDa, composed of 585 amino acid residues, one sulfhydryl group and 17 disulfide bonds. In nanoparticle carriers, HSA nanoparticles are characterized by their ability to bind to various drug molecules, stability during storage and in vivo use, non-toxicity and antigenicity, biodegradability, repeatability, amplification of the production process and better control of release characteristics

The transferrin receptor (TfR) is a transmembrane glycoprotein whose function is to mediate iron absorption through its interaction with transferrin. In normal cells, the expression level of the receptor is low, and the expression of the transferrin receptor in cells (chronic lymphocytic non-Hodgkin tumors) is significantly increased due to the increased demand for iron in rapidly growing cells [2-4]. At present, two transferrin receptors, TfR1 and TfR2, have been found, both of which are type II transmembrane glycoproteins that bind to transferrin and mediate iron absorption. TfR1 is expressed in many cells (such as red blood cells, hepatocytes, monocytes), and can change its conformation according to the change of environmental pH, and convert the results of conformational change into a change in the binding strength of transferrin. TfR2 is mainly expressed in the liver, and its main function may be to regulate and maintain the homeostasis of iron ions in the body, while its role in transporting iron ions to rapidly dividing tissues is weak. Using the effective targeting function of transferrin receptor, the cross-linking of transferrin and drugs can improve the specific binding ability of drugs, but also improve the effect.

RGD's receptors are integrins αvβ3 and αvβ5, which can mimic cell adhesion proteins and bind specifically to 11 kinds of integrins, which can effectively adhere to biological materials. DSPE-PEG-RGD can be used to make micelles and vesicles. The liposomes formed by RGD-PEG-DSPE can act directly on the target to form an active targeting effect. Rgd-peg-dspe peptide RGD polyethylene glycol phospholipid can be used for passive targeting of micelles and vesicles, active targeting research and drug delivery. DSPE (1, 2-distearoyl-SN-glycerol-3-phosphate ethanolamine) is a saturated 18-carbon phospholipid commonly used in the synthesis of liposomes. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) -coupled DSPE is hydrophilic and can be used for drug delivery, gene transfection, and biomolecular modification. Polyethylene glycol can enhance solubility and stability, reduce the nonspecific binding of charged molecules, and reduce the immunogenicity of polypeptides.

The streptavidin molecule consists of four identical peptide chains, and the contents of glycine and alanine are relatively large in the amino acid composition, and the active group binding biotin is also the tryptophan residue in the peptide chain. Streptavidin is a slightly acidic (pH6.0) protein and does not carry any sugar groups. Under the action of proteolytic enzyme, streptavidin can be broken between N-terminal 10 ~ 12 and C-terminal 19 ~ 21, and the formed core streptavidin still maintains the complete ability to bind biotin. The activity unit of streptavidin is also expressed in terms of the amount required to bind 1μg biotin, and the high activity of 1mg streptavidin can reach 18U. streptavidin (SA) is a protein secreted by streptomyces avidinii with a molecular weight of 65kD. Streptavidin molecules are composed of four identical peptide chains, each of which can bind a biotin without any sugar group, so like avidin, one streptavidin molecule can also bind four biotin molecules, and the affinity constant (K) of both is 1015mol/L. Streptavidin is more widely applicable than avidin.

The affinity between lactoferrin and iron ion is very high, which is 250 to 300 times that of transferrin. According to the difference of lactoferrin binding iron ions, it can be divided into three types: iron deficiency type, iron semi-satiation type and iron saturated type. Different types of lactoferrin have different ability to resist pasteurization thermal denaturation, in which iron saturated type resistance is strong, iron deficiency type resistance is weak. Lactoferrin can bind not only Fe3+ and Fe2+, but also Cu2+, Mn2+ and Zn2+.

Glucose, organic compound, molecular formula C6H12O6. It is one of the most widely distributed and important monosaccharides in nature, and it is a polyhydroxyaldehyde. Glucose plays an important role in the field of biology, that is, the main energy supplier of living things. Plants produce glucose through photosynthesis. Liposome has the advantages of low toxicity, easy preparation, as a carrier of both water-soluble and fat-soluble drugs, suitable for a variety of drug delivery routes, improve drug stability, and achieve targeted drug delivery. However, after the liposome enters the body, it is easy to be taken up and cleared by RES cells due to the specific conditioning effect of opsonins in plasma on the liposome and the non-specific hydrophobic interaction between RES cells and liposome.

DSPE phospholipids can be used as pharmaceutical excipients for emulsification and drug solubilization, and are important materials for slow release drug preparations such as liposomes, fat milk and nanoparticles in recent years. Modification of phospholipid molecules can make these preparations have the ability of release and targeting under specific conditions. Common modification methods include: disintegration time; Introducing immune factors to enhance targeting; Introduce markers for diagnosis and tracking.

DPPE-PEG is a synthetic lipid used in liposomes with unique properties and a wide range of applications. Firstly, DPPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing it to remain stable within the biological system and be efficiently absorbed and metabolized. Additionally, DPPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, which helps stabilize the liposome structure and enhance its stability.

DPPE-PEG is a synthetic lipid used in liposomes with unique properties and a wide range of applications. Firstly, DPPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing it to remain stable within the biological system and be efficiently absorbed and metabolized. Additionally, DPPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, which helps stabilize the liposome structure and enhance its stability.

DOPE-PEG-Mal (MW 2000) is a phospholipid polyPEG which can be used to prepare liposomes or nanoparticles. It is also reactive with thiol at pH 6.5 tp 7.5 to form a stable thioether bond.

DPPE-PEG is a synthetic lipid used in liposomes with unique properties and a wide range of applications. Firstly, DPPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing it to remain stable within the biological system and be efficiently absorbed and metabolized. Additionally, DPPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, which helps stabilize the liposome structure and enhance its stability.

DPPE-PEG is a synthetic lipid used in liposomes with unique properties and a wide range of applications. Firstly, DPPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing it to remain stable within the biological system and be efficiently absorbed and metabolized. Additionally, DPPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, which helps stabilize the liposome structure and enhance its stability.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.

GS-4224 is a novel, orally bioavailable inhibitor of PD-L1 with EC50 of 11 nM in high level PD-L1 concentration. GS-4224 shows evidence of expected on-target biomarker activity, including engagement of PD-L1 and induction of immune-related pharmacodynamic responses consistent with PD-L1 blockade.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.

DMPE-PEG, a synthetic lipid, possesses unique properties and finds extensive applications as liposomes. Firstly, DMPE-PEG exhibits excellent biocompatibility and solubility, allowing for its stable presence and efficient absorption and metabolism in vivo. Additionally, DMPE-PEG possesses good surface activity, aiding in the stabilization of liposome structures and enhancing their stability.