JNJ-67569762 is a tetrahydropyridine-based BACE1 inhibitor targeting the S3 pocket with IC50 of 2.7 nM and shows 71-fold selectivity over BACE2.

Disitamab vedotin (RC48) is an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) comprising a monoclonal antibody against human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) conjugated via a cleavable linker to the cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E. Disitamab vedotin enhances antitumor immunity.

Vevorisertib (ARQ 751) (trihydrochloride) is an orally active, potent and selective pan-AKT serine/threonine kinase inhibitor against AKT1 (IC50=0.55 nM), AKT2 (IC50=0.81 nM), and AKT3 (IC50=1.31 nM). Vevorisertib (trihydrochloride), as a single agent or in combination with other anti-cancer agents, can be used for the research of solid tumors with PIK3CA / AKT / PTEN mutations.

BMS-963272 is a potent, selective MGAT2 inhibitor with IC50 of 7.1 nM/18 nM (hMGAT2/mMGAT2) and shows excellent efficacy, safety, and tolerability profile.

LysoTracker Red (LysoTracker Red DND-99) is a paraformaldehyde fixable probe that concentrates into acidic compartments of cells and tissues. LysoTracker Red is an indicator of cell death in a manner similar to other standard assays (Annexin, terminal dUTP nick end labeling, Nile blue sulfate, neutral red, and acridine orange). LysoTracker Red is a marker for late endosomes and lysosomes.

OG 488, acid, a fluorescent pH indicator, has many applications in biochemistry and neurosciences.

Lepidiline A shows cytotoxic activity against HL-60 cells with an IC50 of 32.3 μM.

Lepidiline C shows cytotoxic activity against HL-60 cells with an IC50 of 27.7 μM.

Abaloparatide (BA058, BIM-44058, ITM-058) is a novel 34-amino acid peptide selected to be a potent and selective activator of the parathyroid hormone receptor (PTH1R) signaling pathway with an IC50 of 0.117 nM in SOST analysis.

AAK1-IN-1(BMS-986176) is a chemical probe for AAK1 and BIKE that potently targets the ATP-binding site (AAK1 Ki = 9.1 nM; BIKE Ki = 17 nM). Regarding kinase selectivity, only three kinases were observed to bind SGC-AAK1-1 within 30-fold of the KD of AAK1 in a KINOMEscan assay (DiscoverX) at 1 μM followed by KD determinations: RIOK1 (KD = 72 nM), RIOK3 (KD = 290 nM), and PIP5K1C (KD = 260 nM). In a live cell NanoBRET assay (Promega) SGC-AAK1-1 has potency for ectopically expressed full-length AAK1- and BIKE-Nluc fusion proteins (AAK1 IC50 = 230 nM; BIKE IC50 = 1.5 μM).

MRTX-282 is a novel KRas G12D inhibitor.

C12-200 is a cationic lipid for Lipid NanoParticles as delivery systems for enabling the therapeutic potential of siRNA, mRNA or CRISPR as they exhibit remarkable in vivo potencies at low doses.C12-200 is a common positive control ionizable lipid for exploring new ionizable lipids. C12-200 is an ionizable lipid with five tails. The tri-palmitoyl-Sglyceryl cysteine linked to the pentapeptide (Pam3)-modified C12-200 iLNPs was developed to deliver tumor antigen mRNA for enhancing the mRNA-mediated cancer immunotherapy. The results of the therapeutic evaluation showed that Pam3- modified C12-200 iLNPs could almost inhibit tumor growth in tumor-bearing mice. To improve delivery efficiency, the formulation was optimized to replace the phospholipids from DSPC to DOPE, and the result showed that optimized formulation induced EPO protein expression was seven times that of the initial formulation,[35] and the formulation has been used in the study for mRNA-mediated human α-galactosidase protein replacement therapy in mice and nonhuman primates.

PEG2000-DSPE is used for creating micelles that are able to carry drugs with low solubility.

AZ-194 is a first-in-class, orally active inhibitor of CRMP2-Ubc9 interaction and inhibitor of NaV1.7 (IC50=1.2 μM). AZ194 blocks SUMOylation of CRMP2 to selectively reduce the amount of surface-expressed NaV1.7. Antinociceptive effects[1].

Giredestrant, also known as GDC-9545 and RG6171, is a SERD. GDC-9545 is an orally available selective estrogen receptor degrader/downregulator (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SERD GDC-9545 specifically targets and binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change that promotes ER degradation.

Difelikefalin is a κ-opioid receptor (KOR) agonist. It activates KOR in HEK293 cells expressing the human receptor (EC50 = 0.16 nM in a transactivation assay) and inhibits forskolin-induced cAMP production in R1.G1 mouse thyoma cells (EC50 = 0.048 nM). Difelikefalin is selective for KOR over the μ-opioid receptor.

SWN41522, also known as DUPA and FN11, is a potent Urea-​Based Inhibitor of Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II (NAALADase). In vivo antitumor tests using U-​87 glioblastoma xenograft showed that FN11 reduced tumor vol. to a value of ∼0.4-​0.6 (at 10 or 100 μM) after 4 days treatment, and ∼ 1.0 (at both dosages) after 7 days treatment. The antiangiogenesis activity of FN11 was examd. with similarly grown tumors, and revealed a preponderance of avascular and low vascular areas in tumors treated with FN11 at 100 μM. It was first reported in patent WO 2000064911 and Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (2001), 44(3), 298-301.

RTICBM-189 is a Urea derivative and a CB1 allosteric modulator. RTICBM-189 showed no activity at >50 protein targets and excellent brain permeation but relatively low metabolic stability in rat liver microsomes. Pharmacokinetic studies in rats confirmed the excellent brain exposure of 31 with a brain/plasma ratio Kp of 2.0. Importantly, intraperitoneal administration of RTICBM-189 significantly and selectively attenuated the reinstatement of the cocaine-seeking behavior in rats without affecting locomotion.

P300/CBP-IN-3, a p300/CBP histone acetyltransferase inhibitor, Compound 6, is sourced from patent WO 2019049061 A1[1].

TAS4464 is a highly potent and selective inhibitor of NEDD8 (IC50 of 0.955 nM). TAS4464 selectively inhibited NAE relative to the other E1s UAE and SAE. TAS4464 treatment inhibited cullin neddylation and subsequently induced the accumulation of CRL substrates such as CDT1, p27, and phosphorylated IκBα in human cancer cell lines. TAS4464 showed greater inhibitory effects than those of the known NAE inhibitor MLN4924 both in enzyme assay and in cells.

Derazantinib is a multi-kinase inhibitor with pan-FGFR activity which has shown preliminary therapeutic activity against FGFR2 fusion-positive intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA). Derazantinib dihydrochloride is a salt of Derazantinib.

Batefenterol Succinate is a first-in-class inhaled bifunctional bronchodilator possessing muscarinic receptor antagonist and β2-adrenoceptor agonist properties.

K-Ras G12C-IN-4, compound 1, is a potent Covalent Inhibitor of KRAS.

GN44028 inhibits HIF-1α. GN44028 surpresses HIF-1α transcriptional activity without affecting both HIF-1α protein accumulation and HIF-1α/HIF-1β heterodimerization in nuclei under the hypoxic conditions, suggesting that GN44028 probably affectes the transcriptional pathway induced by the HIF-1α/HIF-1β heterodimer.

Bifluranol (brand name Prostarex; former developmental code name BX-341) is a synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen of the stilbestrol group related to diethylstilbestrol that has been used as an antiandrogen in the United Kingdom in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. It exerts functional antiandrogen effects by binding to and activating the estrogen receptor in the pituitary gland, consequently suppressing the secretion of luteinizing hormone (and hence acting as an antigonadotropin) and thereby reducing gonadal androgen production and systemic androgen levels.

R isomer of SEP-363856.

non-deuterated form of VV116.VV116 is an oral drug candidate of nucleoside analog against SARS-CoV-2.

4-Nitrophenyl α-L-rhamnopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate for naringinase.

HG106 is a potent SLC7A11 inhibitor and enhances ROS generation, ER stress, and ultimately growth arrest specifically in KRAS-mutant lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).

DCLK1-IN-1 is a selective, oral bioavailability in vivo-compatible chemical probe of the doublecortin like kinase 1 (DCLK1 kinase) domain. DCLK1-IN-1 inhibits DCLK1 and DCLK2 kinases (IC50: DCLK1=9.5/57.2 nM and DCLK2=31/103 nM in binding and kinase assay, respectively). DCLK1-IN-1 shows low toxicity, and can investigate DCLK1 biology and establish its role in cancer, like DCLK1+ pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC)[1].

tri-GalNAc-COOH acetylation is the acetylated and modified form of tri-GalNAc-COOH. tri-GalNAc-COOH acetylation can be used for the synthesis of LYTAC.

TMX-4116 is a casein kinase 1α (CK1α) degrader. TMX-4116 shows the degradation preference for CK1α with DC50s less than 200 nM in MOLT4, Jurkat, and MM.1S cells. TMX-4116 can be used for the research of multiple myeloma.

TLR4-IN-C34-C2-COO is a linker that incorporates TLR4 inhibitor TLR4-IN-C34. TLR4-IN-C34 inhibits TLR4 in enterocytes and macrophages, and reduces systemic inflammation in mouse models of endotoxemia and necrotizing enterocolitis.

Thalidomide-Piperazine 5-fluoride is a synthesized E3 ligase ligand-linker conjugate that incorporates the Thalidomide based cereblon ligand and a linker used in PROTAC technology.

SR-0813 is a potent and selective ENL/AF9 YEATS domain inhibitor. SR-0813 has IC50 and EC50 values of 25 nM and 205 nM for ENL YEATS domain, respectively. SR-0813 has IC50 and EC50 values of 311 nM and 76 nM (CETSA) for AF9 YEATS domain, respectively. SR-0813 binds MAP3K19 with over 100-fold lower affinity (Kd=3.5 μM) than ENL YEATS (Kd=30 nM). SR-0813 can be used for the research of acute leukemia.

PW0787 is a potent, selective, orally active, and brain-penetrant GPR52 agonist (EC50=135 nM). PW0787 suppresses psychostimulant behavior.

PCC0208017 is a microtubule affinity regulating kinases (MARK3/MARK4) inhibitor with IC50s of 1.8 and 2.01 nM, respectively. PCC0208017 has much lower inhibitory activity against MARK1 and MARK2, with IC50s of 31.4 and 33.7 nM, respectively. PCC0208017 suppresses glioma progression in vitro and in vivo. PCC0208017 disrupts microtubule dynamics and induces G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis. PCC0208017 demonstrates robust antitumor activity in vivo and displays good BBB permeability.

NCT58(NCT 58) is a potent inhibitor of C-terminal HSP90. NCT-58 does not induce the heat shock response (HSR) due to its targeting of the C-terminal region and elicits anti-tumor activity via the simultaneous downregulation of HER family members as well as inhibition of Akt phosphorylation. NCT-58 kills Trastuzumab-resistant breast cancer stem-like cells. NCT-58 induces apoptosis in HER2-positive breast cancer cells.

NBI921352 is a Nav1.6 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 3.765 μM.

MRT-81 is a potent antagonist of human and rodent smoothened Smo receptors, with an IC50 value of 41 nM in the Shh-light2 cells. MRT-81 has potent hedgehog inhibiting activity. MRT-81 can be used for the research of cancer.

LSN3318839 is an orally efficacious positive allosteric modulator of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R).

JADA82 (PCK82) is a potent KDM5A (lysine demethylase 5A) inhibitor. From patent WO2020033377A1.

I-BET567 is a potent and oral active inhibitor of pan-BET candidate with pIC50s of 6.9 and 7.2 for BRD4 BD1 and BD2, respectively. I-BET567 has been demonstrated efficacy in mouse models of oncology and inflammation.

GNE-9815 is among the most highly kinase-selective RAF inhibitors targeting KRAS mutant cancers via combination treatment.

FPFT-2216, a “molecular glue” compound, degrades phosphodiesterase 6D (PDE6D), zinc finger transcription factors Ikaros (IKZF1), Aiolos (IKZF3), and casein kinase 1α (CK1α). FPFT-2216 can be used for the research of cancer and inflammatory disease.

cGAMP (Cyclic GMP-AMPP) diammonium functions as an endogenous second messenger in metazoans and triggers interferon production in response to cytosolic DNA. cGAMP diammonium activates stimulator of interferon genes (STING), which activates a signaling cascade leading to the production of type I interferons and other immune mediators.

Cevidoplenib is an orally available inhibitor of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk), with potential anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating activities.

BIIB091 is a novel reversible, selective, potent BTK inhibitor with Kd of 0.07 nM.

AZD-5672 is an orally active, potent, and selective CCR5 antagonist (IC50=0.32 nM). AZD-5672 shows moderate activity against the hERG ion channel (binding IC50=7.3 μM). AZD5672 is a substrate of human P-gp, and inhibits P-gp-mediated digoxin transport (IC50=32 μM). AZD-5672 can be used for the research of rheumatoid arthritis.

SGC-SMARCA-BRDVIII is a potent and selective SMARCA2/4 BRD inhibitor.

MINA53 inhibitor (Compound 10) is a first-in-class inhibitor of the ribosomal oxygenase MINA53 with an IC50 of 1.5 μM in vitro.

ssPalmO-Phe(SS-OP) is a self-degradable material for the delivery of oligonucleotides. ssPalmO-Phe is a self-degradable derivative of ssPalm that is self-degraded in the intraparticle space by a specific hydrolytic reaction. ssPalmO-Phe is beneficial for overcoming the plasma/endosomal membrane, LNP-ssPalmO-Phe can be used to deliver both nucleic acids.

SR18662 is an optimized anticancel agent based on ML264. SR18662 Efficiently Inhibits the Growth of Colorectal Cancer In Vitro and In Vivo. SR18662 showed improved efficacy in reducing the viability of multiple colorectal cancer cell lines. Flow cytometry analysis following SR18662 treatment showed an increase in cells captured in either S or G2-M phases of the cell cycle and a significant increase in the number of apoptotic cells, the latter a unique property compared with ML264 or SR15006. SR18662 treatment also reduces the expression of cyclins and components of the MAPK and WNT signaling pathways.

Ozanimod is a potent and selective S1P1 and S1P5 receptor agonist with EC50s of 410±160 pM and 11±4.3 nM in [35S]-GTPγS binding, respectively.

AEOL-10150 pentachloride is a metalloporphyrin catalytic antioxidant and is a superoxide dismutase mimetic, and protects lungs from radiation-induced injury[1].

C14-4 (C14-494,Lipid B-4,Lipid B4) is a novel ionizable lipid with the highest T-cell transfection efficiency and low cytotoxicity.The C14-4 ionizable lipid has been explored for CAR-T therapy.To screen the excellent formulations for mRNA delivery, a lipid library of 24 ionizable lipids was constructed to make iLNPs, which were used to deliver luciferase mRNA into Jurkat cells.[115] The optimal iLNPs formulation was C14-4 iLNPs (C14-4 ionizable lipid, DOPE, chol, and PEG at a molar ratio of 35%, 16%, 46.5%, and 2.5%) (Figure 6c). The optimal dose of luciferase mRNA for C14-4 iLNPs was 30 ng. Compared with electroporated CAR T cells, the CAR T cells engineered via C14-4 iLNPs showed potent cancer-killing activity when they were cocultured with Nalm-6 acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells. To obtain a safer and more effective CAR mRNA delivery vehicle, the orthogonal design provided 256 potential formulations, and 16 representative iLNPs formulations were evaluated.Through evaluating the safety, delivery efficiency, and transfection efficiency of 16 iLNPs, the formulation B10 (C14-4 ionizable lipid, DOPE, chol, PEG at a molar ratio of 40%, 30%, 25%, and 2.5%) was screened out as the optimal performing formulation. The luciferase expression based on B10 formulation was increased threefold than the initial formulation. Reducing the accumulation and clearance of iLNPs in the liver can increase the expression of CAR mRNA in T cells, further improving the therapeutic effect of CAR-T. Studies have shown that cholesterol analogs can alter the mechanisms of intracellular circulation and enhance the delivery of mRNA, which may be related to the reduced recognition of iLNPs by the Niemann Pick C1 (NPC1) enzyme.The addition of a hydroxyl group to various locations in the cholesterol molecule can alter the binding kinetics between the modified cholesterol and NPC1, and reduced NPC1 recognition of cholesterol. The results showed that replacement of 25% and 50% 7 α-hydroxycholesterol for cholesterol in iLNPs improved mRNA delivery to primary human T cells in vitro by 1.8-fold and twofold, respectively.C14-4 is one of the ionizable lipids to efficiently deliver mRNA to Jurkat cells or primary human T cells. It will effectively promote the development of mRNA delivery by iLNPs for CAR-T therapy.

Org-41841 is an agonist for the luteinizing hormone/chorionic gonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) and partial agonist for TSHR.

BI-0115 is a selective small molecule inhibitor of LOX-1 that blocks cellular uptake of oxLDL. BI-0115 binding triggers receptor inhibition by formation of dimers of the homodimeric ligand binding domain. The structure of LOX-1 bound to BI-0115 shows that inter-ligand interactions at the receptor interfaces are key to the formation of the receptor tetramer thereby blocking oxLDL binding.

S-217622 is the first oral non-covalent, non-peptidic SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease inhibitor with IC50 of 0.096 μM. S-217622 displays antiviral activity in vitro towards a range of SARS-CoV-2 variants and coronavirus families, favorable drug metabolism and pha

PLX-5622 hemifumarate is a highly selective brain penetrant and orally active CSF1R inhibitor (IC50=0.016 µM; Ki=5.9 nM). PLX5622 hemifumarate allows for extended and specific microglial elimination, preceding and during pathology development. PLX5622 hemifumarate demonstrates desirable PK properties in varies animals.

BTSA1.2 is a rationalized BTSA1 analog with improved binding to BAX, cellular cytotoxicity, and better toleratence in vivo. Combination of BTSA1.2 with Navitoclax demonstrates synergistic efficacy in apoptosis-resistant cancer cells, xenografts, and patient-derived tumors while sparing healthy tissues.

Fipravirimat is a potent HIV-1 inhibitor. Fipravirimat has the potential for HIV and AIDS research.

Ensitrelvir (S-217622) fumarate is the first orally active non-covalent, non-peptidic, SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease inhibitor (IC50=13 nM).

Ac-YVAD-cmk (Caspase-1 Inhibitor II) is a selective caspase-1 (IL-1beta converting enzyme, ICE)) inhibitor with neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects. Ac-YVAD-cmk effectively suppresses the expression of IL-1β and IL-18. Ac-YVAD-cmk inhibits pyroptosis in many diseases.

EB-42486 is a novel, potent, and highly selective G2019S-LRRK2 inhibitor (IC50 < 0.2 nM).

Bexotegrast is a potent inhibitor of ανβ6 integrin. Bexotegrast can be used for researching fibrosis such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) (extracted from patent WO2020210404A1, compound 5).

NVS-BET-1 is a BET bromodomain inhibitor that regulates keratinocyte plasticity.

SUN B8155, a non-peptide agonist of calcitonin (CT) receptor, selectively mimics the biological actions of calcitonin. Calcitonin, a 32-amino acid peptide hormone secreted mainly from the thyroid gland, plays an important role in maintaining bone homeostasis.

Aceclidine is a modulator of M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor. Aceclidine is a cycloplegic agent, a surfactant, a tonicity adjustor and optionally a viscosity enhancer and an antioxidant. Aceclidine has the potential for the research of disorders such as refractive errors of the eye, xerostomia, Sjogren's syndrome, glaucoma, conjunctivitis, lacrimal gland disease, and esotropia (extracted from patent US20150290125A1/US20110091459A1).

DS34942424 is an orally potent analgesic without mu opioid receptor agonist activity.

BAY-6672 is a potent and selective human Prostaglandin F (FP) receptor antagonist with an IC50 value of 11 nM.

Cipepofol (HSK3486), a sedative-hypnotic agent, is a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor potentiator.

Zagociguat is the stimulator of soluble guanylate cyclase. Zagociguat increases nitric oxide (NO) signaling leading to an increase in cyclic guanosine monophosphate production. Zagociguat has the potential for the research of noncentral nervous system (CNS) disorders.

NLG802 is a prodrug of indoximod, an orally active indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor.

ONO-8430506 is an orally bioavailable and potent autotaxin (ATX)/ENPP2 inhibitor with the IC90 of 100 nM for ATX activity in mouse plasma.

Sterculic acid is a stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) inhibitor. Sterculic acid specifically inhibits the delta-9 desaturase (Δ9D) activity with an IC50 value of 0.9 μM.

MLT-985 is a highly selective allosteric MALT1 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 3 nM.

Bocidelpar is a modulator of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPAR-δ). Bocidelpar improves mitochondrial biogenesis and function in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) muscle cells (extracted from patent WO2017062468A1, compound 2b).

ATX-002 is a property-tunable lipid for RNA drug delivery.

Minzasolmin is an alpha-synuclein oligomerization inhibitor.

Linvencorvir is an antiviral agent.

VL-6 can be used in the synthesis of biomimetic nanomaterials which for delivery of therapeutic, diagnostic, or prophylactic agents.

Mitiperstat is the potent inhibitor of myeloperoxidase (MPO). Mitiperstat is particularly useful in the research of prophylaxis of cardiovascular disorders such as heart failure and coronary artery disease related conditions (extracted from patent US20160152623A1).

ELOVL1-IN-3 (Compound 22) is a potent and orally active inhibitor of elongation of very long chain fatty acid 1 (ELOVL1) enzyme. ELOVL1-IN-3 serves as a useful tool for researching adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD)[1].

680C91 is an orally active, selective tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) inhibitor with a Ki of 51 nM. TDO is the key enzyme of tryptophan catabolism. 680C91 can be used for the research of cancer immunotherapy and Alzheimer’s Disease.

SP-8356, an anti-inflammatory synthetic verbenone derivative, is a potent, orally active cluster of differentiation 147 (CD147) inhibitor. SP-8356 inhibits CD147-cyclophilin A (CypA) interaction and reduces MMP-9 activity. SP-8356 exerts anti-breast cancer effects by inhibiting NF-κB signaling. Anti-atherosclerotic effects[1][2][3].

Bezuclastinib (PLX 9486; CGT9486) is a potent inhibitor of c-kit and c-kit D816V (0.0001

GNF2133 is a selective DYRK1A inhibitor with an IC50 value of 6 nM.

DMPQ dihydrochloride is a potent and selective inhibitor of human platelet-derived growth factor receptor β (PDGFRβ) with an IC50 of 80 nM.

RO7185876 is a potent and selective gamma secretase modulator as a potential treatment for Alzheimer's disease.

AGB1 is a fast, highly selective, and potent bump-and-hole (B&H)-PROTAC degrader for BromoTag. AGB1 exhibits degradation for Ab:Brd4BD2 L387A and Ab: BromoTag-Brd2 with pDC50s of 7.8 and 7.9. AGB1 exhibits binary affinity to VHL (Kd=125 nM). AGB1 exhibits favorable pharmacokinetic profile in mice with the DC50, 6 h of ∼13 nM.

dTAGV-1 TFA is a potent and selective degrader of mutant FKBP12F36V fusion proteins. dTAGV-1 TFA can induce degradation of FKBP12F36V-Nluc in vivo.

ACT-1004-1239 is a potent, selective, orally available CXCR7 antagonist with an IC50 value of 3.2 nM.

TLR7/8 agonist 4 hydroxy-PEG10-acid hydrochloride (compound 9) is a drug-linker conjugate for ADC with potent antitumor activity by using TLR7/8 agonist 4, linked via the cleavable ADC linker hydroxy-PEG10-acid.

AL-611 is an HCV NS5B polymerase inhibitor (EC50 = 5 nM).

CTB is a p300 activator and the lowest docked energy for CTB and p300 is 7.72 kcal/mol.

SR15006 is a inhibitor of Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) with an IC50 of 41.6 nM in DLD-1/pGL4.18hKLF5p cells).

Enbezotinib, an inhibitor of RET, can inhibit the RET autophosphorylation. Enbezotinib can be used for the research of cancer.

Genevant CL1 (lipid 10) is a novel ionizable lipid for rna delivery.Lipid 10 rapidly accumulated in the liver within the first hour of dosing (reflecting LNP uptake), but levels then steadily declined over the ensuing 2 weeks period, similar to MC3.Lipid 10 afforded more than double the expression of either approved lipid. We also observed high splenic expression for ALC-0315, which correlated with higher MCP-1 levels.Animals received a single 5 µg IM dose of LNP encapsulating firefly luciferase (fLuc) mRNA. Whole body imaging was performed 6 h later and expression at the injection site quantified. Lipid 10, ALC-0315, and SM-102 showed similar expression at the injection site, all greater than the older generation benchmarks lipids (DLinDMA, KC2, MC3). Lipid 10 and ALC-0315 also showed high expression in the liver, while SM-102 was less, and more similar to MC3.Lipid 10-based LNP reported similar anti-HA IgG titers to MC3 and ALC-0315 (Comirnaty) LNP, and higher than the SM-102 (SpikeVax) LNP composition. MCP-1 levels were generally similar, although the ALC-0315 composition had a significantly higher response at the 5 µg dose. All formulations reported good stability when stored frozen at −80 °C or at 2–8 °C for 1 month.

Arcturus lipid 2(Lipid 2,2 (8,8) 4C CH3,ATX0114 ) is a novel ionizable lipid for mRNA delivery.

HTL-9936 is a selective M1-receptor orthosteric partial agonist with EC50 of 32 nM and shows improved selectivity over M2- and M3-receptor subtypes. HTL 9936 also shows pro-cognitive activity in preclinical models.

YUN35454, also known as LMPTP INHIBITOR 1 is a selective inhibitor of low molecular weight protein tyrosine phosphatase (LMPTP), with an IC50 of 0.8 μM LMPTP-A. LMPTP is a key promoter of insulin resistance and that LMPTP inhibitors would be beneficial for treating type 2 diabetes. YUN35454 was first reported in Nature Chemical Biology (2017), 13(6), 624-632.

JNJ63576253, also known as TRC253, is a potent and orally active androgen receptor antagonist. TRC253 specifically binds to both wild-type and certain mutant forms of AR, thereby preventing androgen-induced receptor activation and facilitating the formation of inactive complexes that cannot translocate to the nucleus.

SPEN-IN-1 (compound X1) is an inhibitor of SPEN which is a protein factor with a Kd value of 47 nM. SPEN-IN-1 has high selectivity for RepA, a 431-nucleotide domain in Xist (a non-coding RNA prototype) that comprises 8.5 units of a GC-rich motif responsible for gene silencing.

DALDA (H-Tyr-D-Arg-Phe-Lys-NH2) is a potent μ-opioid peptide agonist, affecting various patterns of locomotor activities.

Nicotinamide Riboside Chloride is the chloride salt form of nicotinamide riboside(NR).NR is a new form pyridine-nucleoside of vitamin B3 that functions as a precursor to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD) or NAD+ . Nicotinamide riboside chloride is a crystal form of Nicotinamide riboside (NR) chloride. Nicotinamide riboside chloride increases NAD[+] levels and activates SIRT1 and SIRT3, culminating in enhanced oxidative metabolism and protection against high fat diet-induced metabolic abnormalities. Nicotinamide riboside chloride is used in dietary supplements.

ML 339 is a potent and selective hCXCR6 antagonist (IC50 = 140 nM); 100-fold less active at the murine CXCR6 receptor (IC50 = 18 μM). Exhibits selectivity over CXCR5, CXCR4, CCR6 and APJ receptors (IC50 >79 μM).

TD165(TD 165) is a PROTAC-based cereblon (CRBN) degrader that degrads Cav1.2α with the DC50 of 20.4 nM, comprising a cereblon (CRBN) ligand binding group, a linker and an von Hippel-Landau (VHL) binding group.

Verubulin hydrochloride(MPC 6827 hydrochloride) is a microtubule destabilizer and vascular disrupting agent that achieve high brain concentration relative to plasma in animals.

Tocainide hydrochloride is an orally activesodium channel blocker, it blocks the sodium channels in the pain-producing foci in the nerve membranes. Tocainide hydrochloride is a primary amine analog of lidocaine, can be used for the treatment of tinnitus.

Lalistat 2 is a specific inhibitor of lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) with no effect on other forms of lipase.

PrDiAzK is a bifunctional amino acid. PrDiAzK can be site-selectively incorporated into proteins in both bacterial and mammalian cell culture. PrDiAzK can be used for proteome-wide incorporation via stochastic orthogonal recoding of translation (SORT).

Toluidine Blue is a basic thiazine metachromatic dye with high affinity for acidic tissue components. Toluidine Blue has wide applications in vital staining in living tissues and a special stain.

Zacopride hydrochloride is a potent antagonist of 5-HT3 receptor with a Ki of 0.38 nM. Zacopride hydrochloride is also a agonist of 5-HT4 receptor with a Ki of 373 nM. Zacopride hydrochloride has anxiolytic activity. Zacopride hydrochloride has the potential for the research of Schizophrenia.

Biotin-aniline is a probe with substantially high reactivity towards RNA and DNA. Biotin-aniline emerges as more efficient probe for capturing subcellular transcriptome in living cells with high spatial specificity.

AXC-715 trihydrochloride is a TLR7/TLR8 dual agonist, extracted from patent WO2020168017 A1. AXC-715 trihydrochloride, compound D from WO2020190734A1, can be used for synthesis of antibody-adjuvant immunoconjugates, comprising an antibody construct that binds programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) linked to one or more adjuvants.

TFB-TBOA (CF3-Bza-TBOA) is a potent glutamate transporter blocker that potently suppresses the activity of glial transporters. TFB-TBOA shows IC50 values of 22, 17, and 300 nM for glutamate transporters EAAT1, EAAT2, and EAAT3 respectively in an uptake assay using cells transiently expressing EAATs.

YH-306 is a candidate drug in preventing growth and metastasis of colorectal cancer by modulating FAK signalling pathway.

Gibberellin A1 is a kind of plant hormones. Gibberellin A1 is a growth-promoting acids isolated from immature seed of Phaseolus multiflorus.

hDHODH-IN-8 is a potent inhibitor of human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (hDHODH) with an IC50 of 16 nM. hDHODH-IN-8 has potent antiproliferative activity and excellent aqueous solubility. hDHODH-IN-8 has the potential for the research of tumor disease, especially lymphoma.

SB-328437 is a potent, selective non-peptide CCR3 antagonist with an IC50 of 4.5 nM.

GSK3494245 (DDD01305143) is a potent, orally active, and selective inhibitor of the chymotrypsin-like activity of the parasite proteasome binding in a site sandwiched between the β4 and β5 subunits (IC50=0.16 μM for WT L. donovani proteasomes). GSK3494245 moderately inhibits chymotrypsin-like activity of human proteasome (IC50: purified 26S=13 µM; enriched THP-1 extracts IC50=40µM). GSK3494245 exhibits attractive biological and biosafety properties.

MAX-40279 is a dual and potent inhibitor of FLT3 kinase and FGFR kinase. MAX-40279 has the potential for the research of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) (extracted from patent WO2021180032).

DPO-1 is a potent inhibitor of the voltage-gated potassium channel subtype Kv1.5 and a blocker of ultrarapid delayed rectifier potassium current. DPO-1 prevents atrial arrhythmia.

SGK1-IN-4 (compound 17a) is a highly selective, orally active SGK1 inhibitor. SGK1-IN-4 can be used for osteoarthritis research.

CM398 is a highly selective, orally active sigma-2 receptor ligand (Ki=0.43 nM), with high sigma-1/sigma-2 selectivity rato (1000-fold). CM398 shows notable affinity for dopamine (Ki=32.90 nM) and serotonin transporters (Ki=244.2 nM). CM398 shows promising anti-inflammatory analgesic effects in the formalin model of inflammatory pain in mice.

p97-IN-1 is a potent p97 inhibitor with an IC50 <30 nM (WO2015109285A1, compound FF07).

Emprumapimod is a potent, orally bioavailable and selective inhibitor of p38α MAPK directly inhibits LPS-induced IL-6 production from RPMI-8226 cell (IC50=100 pM). Emprumapimod can be used for the research of dilated cardiomyopathy and acute inflammatory pain.

MAX-40279 hemifumarate is a dual and potent inhibitor of FLT3 kinase and FGFR kinase. MAX-40279 hemifumarate has the potential for the research of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) (extracted from patent WO2021180032).

GPR84 antagonist 2 (compound 33) is a potent, selective, and orally active GPR84 antagonist (IC50=8.95 nM).

(+)-JNJ-A07 is a highly potent, orally active pan-serotype dengue virus inhibitor targeting the NS3-NS4B interaction. (+)-JNJ-A07 exerts nanomolar to picomolar activity against a panel of 21 clinical isolates. (+)-JNJ-A07 has a favourable pharmacokinetic profile that results in outstanding efficacy against dengue virus infection in mouse infection models.

MAX-40279 hemiadipate is a dual and potent inhibitor of FLT3 kinase and FGFR kinase. MAX-40279 hemiadipate has the potential for the research of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) (extracted from patent WO2021180032).

CDK5-IN-2 (compound 15) is a highly selective CDK5 inhibitor with IC50s of 0.2 and 23 for CDK5/p25 and CDK2/CycA, respectively.

(22S,23S)-Homobrassinolide is one of the most active brassinosteroids in inducing plant growth in various plant bioassay systems. (22S,23S)-Homobrassinolide shows Akt-dependent anabolic activity in rat skeletal muscle cells. Orally active.

PD-1/PD-L1-IN-23 is a potent and orally active inhibitor of PD-1/PD-L1. PD-1/PD-L1-IN-23 is an ester prodrug of L7. L7 is a benzo[c][1,2,5]oxadiazole derivative and biologically evaluated as inhibitors of PD-L1. PD-1/PD-L1-IN-23 displays significant antitumor effects in tumor models of syngeneic and PD-L1 humanized mice.

Erastin 2(Erastin-2)is a ferroptosis inducer and a potent, selective inhibitor of the system xc(-) cystine/glutamate transporter.

PEG2000-C-DMG, a lipid, can be used for the preparation of Onpattro. Onpattro, a hepatically directed investigational RNAi therapeutic agent, harnesses this process to reduce the production of mutant and wild-type transthyretin by targeting the 3′ untranslated region of transthyretin mRNA.

DPPG sodium (1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-PG sodium) is a phospholipid containing the long-chain(16:0) palmitic acid inserted at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions. DPPG sodium is used in the generation of micelles, liposomes and other types of artificial membranes.

Bomedemstat (IMG-7289) ditosylate is an oral and irreversible inhibitor of the epigenetically active lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) in mouse models of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). Bomedemstat can be used for the research of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and myelofibrosis (MF). Antineoplastic activity.

DOPS-NA is a ubstitute for Phosphoserine/phosphatidylserine. DOPS-NA can be used in lipid mixtures with DOPC and DOPE as effective nontoxic and nonviral DNA vectors.

DLin-K-C3-DMA, a nucleic acid, shows in vivo silencing activity. DLin-K-C3-DMA can be used in the synthesis of nucleic acid-lipid particle to delivery of nucleic acid.

BIM-26226, gastrin-releasing peptide, is a potent and selective antagonist of bombesin receptor. BIM-26226 inhibits BN- or GRP-stimulated amylase release with IC50s in the nanomolar range. BIM-26226 can be used for the research of cancer.

DSPE-PEG-Maleimide, MW 2,000 is a PEG compound with DSPE and maleimide groups. The DSPE-PEGs have been FDA approved for medical applications. The hydrophobic properties of the DSPE allow for the encapsulation and congregation of other hydrophobic drugs. The hydrophilic polyPEG increases the water solubility of the overall compound allowing for the delivery of the drug. Maleimide groups can react with thiol groups between pH 6.5 to 7.5.

Trastuzumab deruxtecan (DS-8201a) is an anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) antibody-drug conjugate (ADC). Trastuzumab deruxtecan is composed of a humanized anti-HER2 antibody, an enzymatically cleavable peptide-linker, and a topoisomerase I inhibitor. Trastuzumab deruxtecan can be used for the research of HER2-positive breast cancer and gastric cancer.

Divarasib (GDC-6036) is an orally bioavailable, highly potent, and selective KRAS G12C inhibitor with an IC50 of <0.01 μM. Divarasib covalently binds to the switch II (SW-II) pocket of KRAS G12C and irreversibly locks it in the inactive GDP-bound state.

PHD-1-IN-1 is an orally active and potent HIF prolylhydroxylase domain-1 (PHD-1) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.034 μM. PHD-1-IN-1 has a unique monodentate binding interaction with the active site Fe2+ ion and induces the formation of an “Arg367-out” pocket[1].

GSK8175 is a non-nucleoside polymerase (NS5B) inhibitor of hepatitis C virus (HCV). GSK8175 is a sulfonamide- N-benzoxaborole analog with low in vivo clearance across preclinical species and broad-spectrum activity against HCV replicons.

SB-216 is a potent tubulin polymerization inhibitor. SB-216 shows strong antiproliferative potency in a panel of human cancer cell lines, including melanoma, lung cancer, and breast cancer.  SB-216 can be used for cancer research.

Elevenostat (JB3-22) is a selective HDAC11 inhibitor (IC50=0.235 µM). Anti-multiple myeloma (MM) activity.

Snail/HDAC-IN-1 is a potent Snail/HDAC dual target inhibitor. Snail/HDAC-IN-1 displays potent inhibitory activity against HDAC1 with an IC50 of 0.405 μM and potent inhibition against Snail with a Kd of 0.18 μM. Snail/HDAC-IN-1 increases histone H4 acetylation in HCT-116 cells and decreases the expression of Snail protein to induce cell apoptosis.

RS 67333 hydrochloride is a potent and selective 5-HT4 receptor (5-HT4R) partial agonist with a pKi of 8.7 in guinea-pig striatum. RS 67333 hydrochloride exhibits lower affinities at several other receptors including 5-HT1A, 5-HT1D, 5-HT2A, 5-HT2C, dopamine D1, D2 and muscarinic M1-M3 receptors. RS 67333 hydrochloride has neuroprotective effects, and can be used for Alzheimer's disease research.

A-61603 is a selective α1A-adrenergic receptor agonist. A-61603 increases the frequency of spontaneous Ca2+ transients in rat ventricular myocytes in vitro.

MNI137 is a potent and selective negative allosteric modulator for group II mGluRs. MNI137 has IC50s values of 8.3 and 12.6 nM for human and rat mGlu2 inhibition of glutamate-induced calcium mobilization.

Y1R probe-1 (Compound 39) is a high-affinity fluorescence probe for the Neuropeptide Y Y1 Receptor. Y1R probe-1 has the potential for the research of cancer disease.

AGI-43192 is a potent inhibitor of methionine adenosyltransferase 2A (MAT2A). AGI-43192 is a potent, but limited brain-penetrant compound. AGI-43192 has the potential for exploring the effects of SAM modulation in the central nervous system (CNS) and research of cancer disease.

H2L5186303 is a potent and selective LPA2 receptor (lysophosphatidic acid 2 receptor) antagonist with an IC50 of 9 nM.

T-Type calcium channel inhibitor is a potent inhibitor of T-Type calcium channel. T-Type calcium channel inhibitor penetrates well the CNS and blocks the native T-type currents in deep cerebellar nuclear neurons, the window current is completely abolished both for wild-type and mutant Cav3.1 channels. T-Type calcium channel inhibitor has the potential for the research of neurology disease.

KM91104, a cell-permeable V-ATPase inhibitor, specifically targets the a3-b2 subunits of V-ATPase.

Girentuximab (G250) is a chimeric monoclonal antibody that binds carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), a cell surface glycoprotein ubiquitously expressed in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).

THP104c is a mitochondrial fission inhibitor.

BAY-179 is a potent, selective, and species cross-reactive complex I inhibitor (IC50=79 µM).

Evolocumab (AMG 145) is a human monoclonal antibody that inhibits PCSK9. Evolocumab binds to the circulating PCSK9 protein, inhibiting it from binding to the LDLR. Evolocumab can be used for the research of hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.

AZD9574 is a CNS-penetrant, PARP1-selective inhibitor with IC50 of <0.005 μM. AZD9574 demonstrates >10,000-fold selectivity for PARP1 over PARP2 and shows excellent preclinical PK acrossseveral species, with low clearance and high oral bioavailability, and demonstrated in vivo efficacy in a BRCA2−/− DLD-1 mouse xenograft model.

ELOVL1-IN-2 is an elongation of very long chain fatty acid 1 (ELOVL1) enzyme inhibitor, ELOVL1-IN-2 shows weak ELOVL1 inhibition (IC50=21 μM) and moderate potency in a primary cellular assay (HEK293 C26 IC50=6.7 μM) .

TT3 is an ionizable cationic amino lipid that has been used in combination with other lipids in the formation of lipid-like nanoparticles (LLNs). Administration of LLNs containing TT3 and encapsulating mRNA encoding human coagulation Factor IX induces human coagulation Factor IX expression in the plasma of mice.

Dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) is a surfactant. Dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide interacts with DNA and changes the mechanical properties of DNA on binding and the specific binding parameters of the interaction.

pseudouridine-5’-triphosphate (Pseudo-UTP) is one of the most commonly used modified nucleoside for the polymerase-mediated synthesis of RNA molecules. Compared with uridine-containing unmodified mRNAs, the application of pseudouridine-containing modified mRNAs exhibits better nuclease stability, immunogenicity, and translational properties.

hGPR91 antagonist 3 (Compound 5g) is a potent, selective, and orally active antagonist of hGPR91 (%F: 26). hGPR91 antagonist 3 has the potential for the research of hypertension, autoimmune disease and retinal angiogenesis.

GSK854 is a potent Inhibitor of Troponin I-Interacting Kinase (TNNI3K). GSK854 is a suitable lead for identifying new cardiac medicines and have been employed as in vivo tools in investigational studies aimed at defining the role of TNNI3K within heart failure.

CKK-E12 is a ionizable lipid in combination with other lipids make up the lipid nanoparticles which are used to deliver RNA-based therapeutics. cKK-E12 was highly selective toward liver parenchymal cell in vivo.Multitail lipids usually have three or more tails and tend to form more cone-shaped structures due to the increase of tail crosssection, which enhances the endosome escape and mRNA delivery efficiency.CKK-E12 is an ionizable lipid with four lipid tails and diketopiperazine core-based head. It has shown excellent efficiency in delivering CRISPR-Cas9 mRNA and sgRNA.cKK-E12 iLNPs encapsulated mRNA was used to investigate the effect of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on iLNPsmediated mRNA delivery, and it has been demonstrated that the targeting, safety and efficacy of iLNPs are closely related to disease state. In other words, even though iLNP delivers therapeutic mRNA to a given cell type in one disease state, it is not guaranteed to deliver mRNA to the same cell type in another disease. As same as MC3 and C12-200, CKK-E12 is also used to be a positive control ionizable lipid when exploiting new ionizable lipids.

L-343 is an ionizable cationic lipidoid and can be used to synthetic liposomes for systemic delivery of RNAi therapeutics, Pka: 6.34.L343, with its sterically hindered tert-butyl esters, exhibited slower elimination from plasma and higher and more persistent levels in liver compared with L319.

503O13 is a degradable lipid-like compound for siRNA delivery.

Rovalpituzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody against delta-like protein 3 (DLL3). Rovalpituzumab can be used in the synthesis of antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), Rovalpituzumab Tesirine. Rovalpituzumab has activity against small cell lung cancer (SCLC).

5A2-SC8 is a dendrimer for miRNA delivery to late-stage liver tumors with low hepatotoxicity. 5A2-SC8 shows potent EC50 < 0.02 mg/kg (siRNA against FVII (siFVII)) in dose-response experiments, and well tolerated in separate toxicity studies in chronically ill mice bearing MYC-driven tumors. 5A2-SC8 is a degradable lipid-like compound (ester-based dendrimer) for small RNAs delivery.5A2-SC8, was obtained by screening a large library of more than 1500 ester-based dendrimers containing ionizable amino groups, which have three tertiary amine heads and five lipid tails. Based on this library, the in vitro transfection efficiency of different formulations of 5A2-SC8 iLNPs was evaluated, discovering the optimal formulation (5A2-SC8, DOPE, cholesterol, PEG at a molar ratio of 15:15:30:3) of 5A2-SC8 iLNPs for delivering fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (FAH) mRNA to liver.After the intravenous injection via tail, the model mice of hepatorenal tyrosinemia type I had strong FAH protein expression, which prevented body weight loss and increased the survival rate of hepatorenal tyrosinemia mice . In addition to introducing utility of 5A2-SC8 iLNPs for the therapeutic intervention, the 5A2-SC8 iLNPs containing DOTAP have been used to establish complex mouse models via intravenous injection, including in situ liverspecific cancer model and in situ lung-specific cancer model. Based on this iLNPs delivery system, 5A2-SC8 induced model construction method overcomes the time-consuming and costly disadvantages of traditional animal models establishing methods, including transgenesis and gene engineering in embryonic stem cells.

OF-02 (OF-2) is an alkenyl amino alcohol (AAA) ionizable lipid for highly potent in vivo mRNA delivery.Alkenyl amino alcohols (AAA) are a functional group found in sphingosine and other bioactive molecules. It was used to prepare AAA-based ionizable lipids through ring-opening reactions between alkenyl epoxides (AEs) and polyamine cores. These AAA-based iLNPs could promote high-level protein expression Therefore, AAA-based ionizable lipids OF-00, OF-01, OF-02, and OF-03 were prepared. The results of in vivo delivery of human erythropoietin (hEPO) mRNA showed that the AAA ionizable lipid OF-02 with the linoleic acid derivative could effectively deliver hEPO mRNA. Compared with the positive control CKK-E12, OF-02 showed an increased ability to induce serum EPO protein expression by nearly twofold (Figure 7b). Likewise, it outperformed two benchmark ionizable lipids (503013 and C12-200) in the nucleic acid delivery field. Furthermore, the mRNA delivered by OF-02 iLNPs was mainly in vivo.translated into the liver. The liver-targeting ability of OF-02 iLNPs improves their delivery efficiency. Therefore, the OF-02 iLNPs may become excellent delivery vehicles for the treatment of liver diseases without other side effects of damage to other organs during the treatment

DSPG-Na is the component of liposomes for drug delivery.

FEN1-IN-SC13 is a potent DNA fragmentation endonuclease 1 (FEN1) inhibitor (CN106692155A, SC13).

NVP-DKY709 is a potent IKZF2 inhibitor for the treatment of cancers.

FTT5 is a lipid-like compound for efficient delivery of long mRNAs in vivo.

RBN013209 is a potent CD38 inhibitor and is useful in the treatment of cancer.

Glucosylceramide synthase-IN-2 (compound T-690) is a potent, brain-penetrant and orally active glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) inhibitor with IC50s of 15 nM and 190 nM for human GCS and mouse GCS, respectively.

Glutathione synthesis-IN-1 (DC-1) is a glutathione synthesis inhibitor.

246C10 is a synthesized ionizable lipid. 246C10 can be formulated into lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) with dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE), cholesterol, and C16-PEG2000 ceramide (PEG-lipid) as well as mRNA. The lipid nanoparticle formulations can be used for mRNA delivery. To obtain iLNPs that could specifically target liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs), six different ionizable lipids (241C10 to 246C10) were synthesized by an epoxide ring-opening reaction with piperazine- or piperidine-containing amines. Biodistribution and gene regulation of various iLNPs were assessed in vivo, and the results showed that the 246C10 iLNPs (containing piperazine amine) had the highest luciferase expression in the liver. When further analyzing the 246C10 iLNPs transfection efficiency in different types of liver cells, it was found that tdTomato fluorescence was mainly concentrated in hepatocytes, not in LSECs. Figure 6f shows that 80% of hepatocytes are fluorescent, 40% of LSECs are fluorescent, and 20% of Kupffer cells are fluorescent. Due to the mannose receptor on LSECs, mannose-PEG lipid was introduced into 246C10 iLNPs to alter the distribution of iLNPs in different liver cells. As shown in Figure 6g, tdTomato fluorescence distribution was 15% of hepatocytes, 70% of LSECs, and 15% of Kupffer cells, significantly improved the ability of iLNPs to actively target LSECs. In contrast, this work indirectly shows that the iLNPs with piperazine head lipid are more able to deliver mRNA to the liver and translate the target protein than the iLNPs with piperidine head lipid. It is worth mentioning that the preparation buffer of 246C10 iLNPs could influence the encapsulation efficiency of mRNA. With the addition of sodium chloride in the citrate buffer, the encapsulation efficiency of CRISPR-Cas9 mRNA and sgRNA was increased. These iLNPs were able to treat hemophilia safely, without causing hepatotoxicity, the immune response induced by Cas9 and off-target editing.

BuChE-IN-1 (Compound 23) is a potent inhibitor of butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE). Butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) is recently regarded as a biomarker in progressed Alzheimer’s disease (AD).

1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-rac-glycerol) sodium salt is a lipid molecule having one negative charge, which can interact with the positive charges of peptides.

CHD1Li 6.11 is a potent oncogenic CHD1L inhibitor (IC50=3.3 µM for cat-CHD1L recombinant protein). CHD1Li 6.11 is an orally bioavailable antitumor agent, significantly reducing the tumor volume of CRC xenografts generated from isolated quasi mesenchymal cells (M-phenotype), which possess enhanced tumorigenic properties.

Myt1-IN-4 (compound 181) is a potent Myt1 inhibitor with an IC50 of <10 nM. Myt1-IN-4 has anticancer effects.

Fludarabine-Cl (ZYS-1) has inhibition effect on RNA adenosine deaminase 1(ADAR1), and can be used for preventing and/or treating cancer or tumor-related diseases[1].

1,2-Dilauroyl-sn-glycerol is a saturated diacylglycerol and may play a role in second messenger signal transduction.

Coelenteramine 400a (Bisdeoxycoelenterazine), a derivative of Coelenterazine, is a Renilla luciferase (RLuc) substrate. In the presence of Coelenteramine 400a, RLuc can emit blue light at 395 nm.

MIF-IN-1 (compound 14) is a potent macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) inhibitor (pIC50=6.87).

Anisole-piperazine-methanone-benzothiazole-p-methylpiperidine is an active compound.

Edotreotide is a somatostatin analogue. Edotreotide bound to various radionuclides, has the potential for the research and diagnosis of certain types of cancer.

1,2-Dimyristoyl-sn-glycerol is a saturated diacylglycerol and a weak second messenger for the activation of PKC.

H-7 is a specific protein kinase C inhibitor, which inhibits superoxide release from human neutrophils (PMN) stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate or synthetic diacylglycerol.

GTPL6019, also know nas IUN54940, DGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor III, is a PDGFR inhibitor with potential anticancer activity.

Bim-IN-1 is a potent Bim expression inhibitor. Bim-IN-1 reduces Bim expression levels and has little inhibitory effect upon protein kinase A activity and minimal toxicity.